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Hashを回してHashを返す処理の比較

Last updated at Posted at 2015-12-21

group_byメソッドを使用した時、返り値のHashを処理してHashで返す処理を行いたいケースがあった。
その処理方法を「each」「map」「reduce」「each_with_object」で比較。

前提

users = [
  {id: 1, name: 'suna', group: 1, score: 100},
  {id: 2, name: 'kawa', group: 1, score: 10},
  {id: 3, name: 'kazu', group: 2, score: 10},
  {id: 4, name: 'ya', group: 2, score: 30}
]

grouped_users = users.group_by {|item|
  item[:group]
}

each

each_result = {}
grouped_users.each do |k, v|
  each_result[k] = []
  each_result[k] = v.max_by {|item| item[:score]}
end

最初に変数宣言しないといけない。

each&tap

tap_each_result = {}.tap {|item|
  grouped_users.each do |k, v|
    item[k] = []
    item[k] = v.max_by {|item| item[:score]}
  end
}

1つ前の処理の初期化処理を無くすためにtapを使ったパターン

map

map_result = grouped_users.map do |(k, v)|
  [k, v.max_by {|users| users[:score]}]
end.to_h

返り値がArrayであるため、to_hメソッドなどでHashにしなければならない。

reduce

reduce_result = \
  grouped_users.reduce({}) do |result, (k, v)|
    result[k] = v.max_by {|users| users[:score]}
    result
  end

returnを書かないと結果が返らない。

tap&reduce

reduce_tap_result = \
  grouped_users.reduce({}) do |result, (k, v)|
    result.tap {|result| result[k] = v.max_by {|users| users[:score]} }
  end

tapでreturn処理を消しているが、その分ブロックは増える。

each_with_object

each_with_object_result = \
  grouped_users.each_with_object({}) do |(k, v), h|
    h[k] = v.max_by {|user| user[:score]}
  end

Hashで返す。ブロック1つで済む。シンプル。
(だが、メソッドとその引数宣言などが長い & reduceと比較して、パイプの中の変数宣言が順番が異なるのが気になる)

テスト

p    each_with_object_result == each_result \
  && each_with_object_result == tap_each_result \
  && each_with_object_result == map_result \
  && each_with_object_result == reduce_tap_result \
  && each_with_object_result == reduce_tap_result \
# true

追記(2015/12/24)

Structでラップする方法を教えてもらったので追加。
ユーザー情報を構造体として扱うのなら、Structのメソッドで扱いやすくなるので良さげ。

user = Struct.new("User", :id, :name, :group, :score)

users = [
  user.new(1, 'suna', 1, 100),
  user.new(1, 'kawa', 1, 10),
  user.new(1, 'kazu', 2, 10),
  user.new(1, 'ya', 2, 30)
]

Hash[*users
  .group_by(&:group)
  .map { |k, v| [k, v.max_by(&:score)] }
  .tap {|item| p item}
  .flatten]
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