チュートリアル | Kubernetes Engine | Google Cloud
コンテナ化されたウェブアプリケーションのデプロイを実行した際の作業ログ

gcloud コマンドラインツールのデフォルトを設定する

$ gcloud config set project sunny-studio-241400
Updated property [core/project].
To take a quick anonymous survey, run:
  $ gcloud alpha survey
$ gcloud config set compute/zone us-central1-b
Updated property [compute/zone].

ステップ 1: コンテナイメージを作成する

hello-app ソースコードをダウンロード

$ git clone https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes-engine-samples
Cloning into 'kubernetes-engine-samples'...
remote: Enumerating objects: 510, done.
remote: Total 510 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0), pack-reused 510
Receiving objects: 100% (510/510), 396.14 KiB | 328.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (231/231), done.

gcloud 上の事前に設定されたプロジェクト ID を取得し、シェルの PROJECT_ID 環境変数を設定

$ export PROJECT_ID="$(gcloud con
fig get-value project -q)"
Your active configuration is: [cloudshell-31490]

アプリケーションのコンテナイメージを作成

$ docker build -t gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  9.728kB
Step 1/7 : FROM golang:1.8-alpine
1.8-alpine: Pulling from library/golang
550fe1bea624: Pull complete
cbc8da23026a: Pull complete
9b35aaa06d7a: Pull complete
46ca6ce0ffd1: Pull complete
7a270aebe80a: Pull complete
8695117c367e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:693568f2ab0dae1e19f44b41628d2aea148fac65974cfd18f83cb9863ab1a177
Status: Downloaded newer image for golang:1.8-alpine
 ---> 4cb86d3661bf
Step 2/7 : ADD . /go/src/hello-app
 ---> f25fb1b86836
Step 3/7 : RUN go install hello-app
 ---> Running in 539da6e6d4e9
Removing intermediate container 539da6e6d4e9
 ---> 8d11a4e9e759
Step 4/7 : FROM alpine:latest
latest: Pulling from library/alpine
e7c96db7181b: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:769fddc7cc2f0a1c35abb2f91432e8beecf83916c421420e6a6da9f8975464b6
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
 ---> 055936d39205
Step 5/7 : COPY --from=0 /go/bin/hello-app .
 ---> 36058ccd665b
Step 6/7 : ENV PORT 8080
 ---> Running in 060bdc2c7fb6
Removing intermediate container 060bdc2c7fb6
 ---> edb140b715f2
Step 7/7 : CMD ["./hello-app"]
 ---> Running in 112d03ed9f94
Removing intermediate container 112d03ed9f94
 ---> ffc560d5fbad
Successfully built ffc560d5fbad
Successfully tagged gcr.io/sunny-studio-241400/hello-app:v1

ビルドが成功したことを確認

$ docker images
REPOSITORY                             TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
gcr.io/sunny-studio-241400/hello-app   v1                  ffc560d5fbad        3 minutes ago       11.4MB
<none>                                 <none>              8d11a4e9e759        3 minutes ago       263MB
alpine                                 latest              055936d39205        11 days ago         5.53MB
golang                                 1.8-alpine          4cb86d3661bf        15 months ago       257MB

ステップ 2: コンテナイメージをアップロードする

コンテナイメージを Container Registry にアップロード

$ gcloud docker -- push gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v1
WARNING: `gcloud docker` will not be supported for Docker client versions above 18.03.
As an alternative, use `gcloud auth configure-docker` to configure `docker` to
use `gcloud` as a credential helper, then use `docker` as you would for non-GCR
registries, e.g. `docker pull gcr.io/project-id/my-image`. Add
`--verbosity=error` to silence this warning: `gcloud docker
--verbosity=error -- pull gcr.io/project-id/my-image`.
See: https://cloud.google.com/container-registry/docs/support/deprecation-notices#gcloud-docker
The push refers to repository [gcr.io/sunny-studio-241400/hello-app]
3870cf33db85: Preparing
f1b5933fe4b5: Preparing
denied: Token exchange failed for project 'sunny-studio-241400'. Please enable Google Container Registry API in Cloud C
onsole at https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/containerregistry.googleapis.com/overview?project=sunny-studio-2414
00 before performing this operation.

ステップ 3: コンテナをローカルに実行する（オプション）

$ docker run --rm -p 8080:8080 gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v1
2019/05/22 00:20:10 Server listening on port 8080
2019/05/22 00:21:09 Serving request: /
2019/05/22 00:21:10 Serving request: /favicon.ico

ステップ 4: コンテナクラスタを作成する

hello-cluster という名前の 3 ノードクラスタを作成

$ gcloud container clusters create hello-cluster --num-nodes=3
WARNING: In June 2019, node auto-upgrade will be enabled by default for newly created clusters and node pools. To disable it, use the `--no-enable-autoupgrade` flag.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, new clusters will have basic authentication disabled by default. Basic authentication can be enabled (or disabled) manually using the `--[no-]enable-basic-auth` flag.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, new clusters will not have a client certificate issued. You can manually enable (or disable) the issuance of the client certificate using the `--[no-]issue-client-certificate` flag.
WARNING: Currently VPC-native is not the default mode during cluster creation. In the future, this will become the default mode and can be disabled using `--no-enable-ip-alias` flag. Use `--[no-]enable-ip-alias` flag to suppress this warning.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, default node pools in new clusters will have their legacy Compute Engine instance metadata endpoints disabled by default. To create a cluster with legacy instance metadata endpoints disabled in the default node pool, run `clusters create` with the flag `--metadata disable-legacy-endpoints=true`.
WARNING: Your Pod address range (`--cluster-ipv4-cidr`) can accommodate at most 1008 node(s).
This will enable the autorepair feature for nodes. Please see https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/node-auto-repair for more information on node autorepairs.
ERROR: (gcloud.container.clusters.create) ResponseError: code=403, message=Kubernetes Engine API is not enabled for this project. Please ensure it is enabled in Google Cloud Console and try again: visit https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/container.googleapis.com/overview?project=sunny-studio-241400 to do so.

APIを有効化する
https://console.cloud.google.com/apis/api/container.googleapis.com/overview?project=sunny-studio-241400
にアクセスし有効化

再度実施して成功

$ gcloud container clusters create hello-cluster --num-nodes=3
WARNING: In June 2019, node auto-upgrade will be enabled by default for newly created clusters and node pools. To disab
le it, use the `--no-enable-autoupgrade` flag.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, new clusters will have basic authentication disabled by default. Basic authentication can be
 enabled (or disabled) manually using the `--[no-]enable-basic-auth` flag.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, new clusters will not have a client certificate issued. You can manually enable (or disable)
 the issuance of the client certificate using the `--[no-]issue-client-certificate` flag.
WARNING: Currently VPC-native is not the default mode during cluster creation. In the future, this will become the defa
ult mode and can be disabled using `--no-enable-ip-alias` flag. Use `--[no-]enable-ip-alias` flag to suppress this warn
ing.
WARNING: Starting in 1.12, default node pools in new clusters will have their legacy Compute Engine instance metadata e
ndpoints disabled by default. To create a cluster with legacy instance metadata endpoints disabled in the default node 
pool, run `clusters create` with the flag `--metadata disable-legacy-endpoints=true`.
WARNING: Your Pod address range (`--cluster-ipv4-cidr`) can accommodate at most 1008 node(s).
This will enable the autorepair feature for nodes. Please see https://cloud.google.com/kubernetes-engine/docs/node-auto
-repair for more information on node autorepairs.
Creating cluster hello-cluster in us-central1-b... Cluster is being health-checked (master is healthy)...done.
Created [https://container.googleapis.com/v1/projects/sunny-studio-241400/zones/us-central1-b/clusters/hello-cluster].
To inspect the contents of your cluster, go to: https://console.cloud.google.com/kubernetes/workload_/gcloud/us-central
1-b/hello-cluster?project=sunny-studio-241400
kubeconfig entry generated for hello-cluster.
NAME           LOCATION       MASTER_VERSION  MASTER_IP      MACHINE_TYPE   NODE_VERSION   NUM_NODES  STATUS
hello-cluster  us-central1-b  1.12.7-gke.10   34.66.115.238  n1-standard-1  1.12.7-gke.10  3          RUNNING

クラスタの 3 つのワーカーVM インスタンスを確認

$ gcloud compute instances list
NAME                                          ZONE           MACHINE_TYPE   PREEMPTIBLE  INTERNAL_IP  EXTERNAL_IP     STATUS
gke-hello-cluster-default-pool-be318044-4770  us-central1-b  n1-standard-1               10.128.0.2   35.188.191.212  RUNNING
gke-hello-cluster-default-pool-be318044-f4ds  us-central1-b  n1-standard-1               10.128.0.3   35.184.203.168  RUNNING
gke-hello-cluster-default-pool-be318044-swlx  us-central1-b  n1-standard-1               10.128.0.4   35.188.154.208  RUNNING

クラスタ認証情報を取得

$ gcloud container clusters get-credentials hello-cluster
Fetching cluster endpoint and auth data.
kubeconfig entry generated for hello-cluster.

ステップ 5: アプリケーションをデプロイする

コマンドを実行して、アプリケーションをデプロイし、ポート 8080 でリッスン

$ kubectl run hello-web --image=gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v1 --port 8080
kubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl crea
te instead.
deployment.apps/hello-web created

Deployment によって作成されたポッドを表示するには、次のコマンドを実行

$ kubectl get pods
NAME                         READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
hello-web-758bd5b7c4-dtzl4   0/1     ImagePullBackOff   0          80s

ステップ 6: アプリケーションをインターネットに公開する

$ kubectl expose deployment hello-web --type=LoadBalancer --port 80 --target-port 8080
service/hello-web exposed

IP確認

$ kubectl get service
NAME         TYPE           CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP     PORT(S)        AGE
hello-web    LoadBalancer   10.11.248.250   35.224.113.83   80:30871/TCP   98s
kubernetes   ClusterIP      10.11.240.1     <none>          443/TCP        13m

ステップ 7: アプリケーションをスケールアップする

デプロイリソースにレプリカを追加

デプロイに 2 つのレプリカを追加するには（合計 3 つ）、次のコマンドを実行します。

$ kubectl scale deployment hello-web --replicas=3
deployment.extensions/hello-web scaled

次のコマンドを実行して、クラスタで実行されている新しいレプリカを確認できます。

$ kubectl get deployment hello-web
NAME        DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
hello-web   3         3         3            0           27h

$ kubectl get pods
NAME                         READY   STATUS             RESTARTS   AGE
hello-web-758bd5b7c4-5mg55   0/1     ErrImagePull       0          27h
hello-web-758bd5b7c4-dtzl4   0/1     ImagePullBackOff   0          27h
hello-web-758bd5b7c4-f7w9q   0/1     ImagePullBackOff   0          27h

ステップ 8: アプリの新しいバージョンをデプロイする

同じソースコードをビルドして、v2 としてタグ付けすることで、アプリケーションの v2 バージョン用のイメージを作成できます

$ docker build -t gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v2 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon  13.82kB
Step 1/7 : FROM golang:1.8-alpine
1.8-alpine: Pulling from library/golang
550fe1bea624: Pull complete
cbc8da23026a: Pull complete
9b35aaa06d7a: Pull complete
46ca6ce0ffd1: Pull complete
7a270aebe80a: Pull complete
8695117c367e: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:693568f2ab0dae1e19f44b41628d2aea148fac65974cfd18f83cb9863ab1a177
Status: Downloaded newer image for golang:1.8-alpine
 ---> 4cb86d3661bf
Step 2/7 : ADD . /go/src/hello-app
 ---> 453a92e02431
Step 3/7 : RUN go install hello-app
 ---> Running in 52531a87e4db
Removing intermediate container 52531a87e4db
 ---> 8b60d7afac56
Step 4/7 : FROM alpine:latest
latest: Pulling from library/alpine
e7c96db7181b: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:bf1684a6e3676389ec861c602e97f27b03f14178e5bc3f70dce198f9f160cce9
Status: Downloaded newer image for alpine:latest
 ---> 055936d39205
Step 5/7 : COPY --from=0 /go/bin/hello-app .
 ---> d67f2047a04d
Step 6/7 : ENV PORT 8080
 ---> Running in 78bccff4e1e1
Removing intermediate container 78bccff4e1e1
 ---> 799e66c45073
Step 7/7 : CMD ["./hello-app"]
 ---> Running in c63fbb095b86
Removing intermediate container c63fbb095b86
 ---> b0620237036e
Successfully built b0620237036e
Successfully tagged gcr.io/sunny-studio-241400/hello-app:v2

イメージを Google Container Registry に push します。

$ gcloud docker -- push
 gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v2
WARNING: `gcloud docker` will not be supported for Docker client versions above 18.03.
As an alternative, use `gcloud auth configure-docker` to configure `docker` to
use `gcloud` as a credential helper, then use `docker` as you would for non-GCR
registries, e.g. `docker pull gcr.io/project-id/my-image`. Add
`--verbosity=error` to silence this warning: `gcloud docker
--verbosity=error -- pull gcr.io/project-id/my-image`.
See: https://cloud.google.com/container-registry/docs/support/deprecation-notices#gcloud-docker
The push refers to repository [gcr.io/sunny-studio-241400/hello-app]
657257387357: Pushed
f1b5933fe4b5: Layer already exists
v2: digest: sha256:978d664865501f17b19aece05c21e91a41919dc80d7f58f2465e2b9e6f4ae487 size: 739
To take a quick anonymous survey, run:
  $ gcloud alpha survey

次に、イメージ更新で既存のデプロイにローリング更新を適用します。

$ kubectl set image dep
loyment/hello-web hello-web=gcr.io/${PROJECT_ID}/hello-app:v2
deployment.extensions/hello-web image updated

http://[EXTERNAL_IP] でアプリケーションに再度アクセスし、変更が有効になっていることを確認

クリーンアップ

サービスを削除する

$ kubectl delete servic
e hello-web
service "hello-web" deleted

hello-web サービス用にプロビジョニングされたロードバランサが削除されるのを待つ

$ gcloud compute forwar
ding-rules list
Listed 0 items.

コンテナクラスタを削除する

$ gcloud container clus
ters delete hello-cluster
The following clusters will be deleted.
 - [hello-cluster] in [us-central1-b]
Do you want to continue (Y/n)?  y
Deleting cluster hello-cluster...done.
Deleted [https://container.googleapis.com/v1/projects/sunny-studio-241400/zones/us-central1-b/clusters/hello-cluster].