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Rails enumについてまとめておく

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Railsにおけるenumの使い方

enumのカラムのカラム追加

integer

class AddStatusToArticles < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    add_column :articles, :status, :integer, default: 0
    add_index :articles, :status # 必要に応じて
  end
end

boolean

class AddStatusToArticles < ActiveRecord::Migration
  def change
    add_column :articles, :status, :boolean, default: false
    add_index :articles, :status # 必要に応じて
  end
end

Modelへの定義

integer

class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
  enum status: { draft: 0, published: 1 }
end

boolean

class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
  enum status: { draft: false, published: true }
end

配列での定義 (integer)

class Article < ActiveRecord::Base
  enum status: [:draft, :published]
end

DBの値は要素番号と同じになる。ただし、適当に要素を追加するとDBの値と齟齬が生じてしまうため注意。

enumのメソッド

integer (hash定義)

article = Article.new(status: :draft)
# article = Article.new(status: 0) これでもいける

article.status # => draft
article.draft? # => true
article.published? # => false

article.published! # statusをpublishedに変更

Article.statuses # => { draft: 0, published: 1 }
# article = Article.new(status: Article.statuses[:draft]) のように使える

Article.published
# publishedの検索が出来る。
# Article.where(status: :published) でも。

boolean

integerとほぼ一緒。

article = Article.new(status: :draft)
# article = Article.new(status: false) これでもいける

article.status # => draft
article.draft? # => true
article.published? # => false

article.published! # statusをpublishedに変更

Article.statuses # => { draft: false, published: true }
# article = Article.new(status: Article.statuses[:draft]) のように使える

Article.published
# publishedの検索が出来る。
# Article.where(status: :published) でも。

参考

↓まとめてあった。
いまさらながらRails4.1から導入されたEnumが便利なのでまとめてみた

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