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JavaでJSON文字列をエスケープするコード

Last updated at Posted at 2020-01-10

Javaで未だに公式サポートされないJSON

大きなデータの作成は、JacksonやGsonを使う選択肢が普通と思いますが、
小さなデータの作成は、リッチなライブラリに頼らず、簡単な関数で済ませたい。
このような時の悩みの種は文字列のエスケープ処理です。

エスケープ対象は、

対象文字 Byteコード エスケープ表記
BS 0x08 \b
HT 0x09 \t
LF 0x0A \n
FF 0x0C \f
CR 0x0D \r
" 0x22 "
/ 0x2F /
\ 0x5C \ \

コード

文字列を1バイトずつ置換する方式です。

private static String escapeJsonString(CharSequence cs) {
	
	final byte BACKSLASH = 0x5C;
	final byte[] BS = new byte[]{BACKSLASH, 0x62};	/* \\b */
	final byte[] HT = new byte[]{BACKSLASH, 0x74};	/* \\t */
	final byte[] LF = new byte[]{BACKSLASH, 0x6E};	/* \\n */
	final byte[] FF = new byte[]{BACKSLASH, 0x66};	/* \\f */
	final byte[] CR = new byte[]{BACKSLASH, 0x72};	/* \\r */
	
	try (
			ByteArrayOutputStream strm = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
			) {
		
		byte[] bb = cs.toString().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
		
		for (byte b : bb) {
			
			if (b == 0x08 /* BS */) {
				
				strm.write(BS);
				
			} else if (b == 0x09 /* HT */) {
				
				strm.write(HT);
				
			} else if (b == 0x0A /* LF */) {
				
				strm.write(LF);
				
			} else if (b == 0x0C /* FF */) {
				
				strm.write(FF);
				
			} else if (b == 0x0D /* CR */) {
				
				strm.write(CR);
				
			} else if (
					b == 0x22 /* " */
					|| b == 0x2F /* / */
					|| b == BACKSLASH /* \\ */
					) {
				
				strm.write(BACKSLASH);
				strm.write(b);
				
			} else {
				
				strm.write(b);
			}
		}
		
		return new String(strm.toByteArray(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
	}
	catch (IOException notHappen) {
		throw new RuntimeException(notHappen);
	}
}

テスト

public static void main(String[] args) {
		
	String before = "abc \b \t \n \f \r / \\ \"";
	String escaped = escapeJsonString(before);
	System.out.println("{\"value\":\"" + escaped + "\"}");
		
	/* {"value":"abc \b \t \n \f \r \/ \\ \""} */	
}
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