Ansibleの情報収集モジュール
Ansibleで使用できるモジュールでいうとsetup、ohai、facterがありますが、当初、3つを比較してそれぞれの使い分けについて考えようと思っていました。
が・・・そもそもohai、facterがインストールされたホストに対してsetupモジュールで情報取得に行くと、ohai、facterの情報もまとめて取ってきてくれるんですね。
改めてsetupモジュールのドキュメント読むと普通に書いてありました。
https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/modules/setup_module.html
ohai、facterモジュールの使用
Ansibleでよく使われるsetupモジュールは特別な操作をしなくともそのまま使用できますが、ohai、facterは管理ホストに対してパッケージをインストールする必要があります。（一般的なLinuxディストリの場合）
各モジュールで取得可能な情報
それぞれどのような情報が取得できるか、各モジュールで取得できる情報の第一階層（setupモジュールのみ第一階層だとfactsの情報しか出なかったので第二階層）を取得してみました。
今回、管理ホストにohai、facterをインストールした状態でsetupモジュールを実行しているため、ohai、facterの情報もsetupモジュールの実行結果に含まれていることが確認できます。
ohai、facterの情報は、それぞれ「ohai_」「facter_」の接頭語がついているので、どのモジュールの情報かわかりやすいですね。
setup
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [ "ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [ "ansible_apparmor": { "ansible_architecture": "x86_64", "ansible_bios_date": "12/01/2006", "ansible_bios_version": "VirtualBox", "ansible_cmdline": { "ansible_date_time": { "ansible_default_ipv4": { "ansible_default_ipv6": {}, "ansible_device_links": { "ansible_devices": { "ansible_distribution": "Ubuntu", "ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true, "ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/os-release", "ansible_distribution_file_variety": "Debian", "ansible_distribution_major_version": "20", "ansible_distribution_release": "focal", "ansible_distribution_version": "20.04", "ansible_dns": { "ansible_docker0": { "ansible_domain": "", "ansible_effective_group_id": 1000, "ansible_effective_user_id": 1000, "ansible_enp0s3": { "ansible_enp0s8": { "ansible_env": { "ansible_fibre_channel_wwn": [], "ansible_fips": false, "ansible_form_factor": "Other", "ansible_fqdn": "vmubuntu01", "ansible_hostname": "vmubuntu01", "ansible_hostnqn": "", "ansible_interfaces": [ "ansible_is_chroot": false, "ansible_iscsi_iqn": "", "ansible_kernel": "5.4.0-40-generic", "ansible_kernel_version": "#44-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jun 23 00:01:04 UTC 2020", "ansible_lo": { "ansible_local": {}, "ansible_lsb": { "ansible_machine": "x86_64", "ansible_machine_id": "389b93f59183469fb13afb4aae1b55a2", "ansible_memfree_mb": 755, "ansible_memory_mb": { "ansible_memtotal_mb": 1987, "ansible_mounts": [ "ansible_nodename": "vmubuntu01", "ansible_os_family": "Debian", "ansible_pkg_mgr": "apt", "ansible_proc_cmdline": { "ansible_processor": [ "ansible_processor_cores": 2, "ansible_processor_count": 1, "ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1, "ansible_processor_vcpus": 2, "ansible_product_name": "VirtualBox", "ansible_product_serial": "NA", "ansible_product_uuid": "NA", "ansible_product_version": "1.2", "ansible_python": { "ansible_python_version": "3.8.2", "ansible_real_group_id": 1000, "ansible_real_user_id": 1000, "ansible_selinux": { "ansible_selinux_python_present": false, "ansible_service_mgr": "systemd", "ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBMOUpASBVedbKFxuOMF1V71hZu8n1SC3IZRt+ZNOc1+YOUTa+SLcM2uJb9LGNsohNu24BoLFCiZB7QXhyAWNevE=", "ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public": "AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIOApcjPxH1NxypOBfEwBVgtCRoUW4bvBXfGxHDUiqQt5", "ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "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", "ansible_swapfree_mb": 923, "ansible_swaptotal_mb": 923, "ansible_system": "Linux", "ansible_system_capabilities": [ "ansible_system_capabilities_enforced": "True", "ansible_system_vendor": "innotek GmbH", "ansible_uptime_seconds": 1694, "ansible_user_dir": "/home/vmware", "ansible_user_gecos": "vmware,,,", "ansible_user_gid": 1000, "ansible_user_id": "vmware", "ansible_user_shell": "/bin/bash", "ansible_user_uid": 1000, "ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64", "ansible_userspace_bits": "64", "ansible_virtualization_role": "guest", "ansible_virtualization_type": "virtualbox", "facter_disks": { "facter_dmi": { "facter_facterversion": "3.11.0", "facter_filesystems": "ext2,ext3,ext4,squashfs,vfat", "facter_fips_enabled": false, "facter_identity": { "facter_is_virtual": true, "facter_kernel": "Linux", "facter_kernelmajversion": "5.4", "facter_kernelrelease": "5.4.0-40-generic", "facter_kernelversion": "5.4.0", "facter_load_averages": { "facter_memory": { "facter_mountpoints": { "facter_networking": { "facter_os": { "facter_partitions": { "facter_path": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games", "facter_processors": { "facter_ruby": { "facter_ssh": { "facter_system_uptime": { "facter_timezone": "JST", "facter_virtual": "virtualbox", "gather_subset": [ "module_setup": true, "ohai_block_device": { "ohai_chef_packages": { "ohai_cloud": null, "ohai_command": { "ohai_counters": { "ohai_cpu": { "ohai_dmi": { "ohai_docker": { "ohai_domain": null, "ohai_filesystem": { "ohai_fips": { "ohai_fqdn": "vmubuntu01", "ohai_hostname": "vmubuntu01", "ohai_hostnamectl": { "ohai_idletime": "55 minutes 07 seconds", "ohai_idletime_seconds": 3307, "ohai_init_package": "systemd", "ohai_ip6address": "fe80::3ace:bd6d:7658:e333", "ohai_ipaddress": "10.0.3.15", "ohai_kernel": { "ohai_keys": { "ohai_languages": { "ohai_lsb": { "ohai_macaddress": "08:00:27:13:70:39", "ohai_machine_id": "389b93f59183469fb13afb4aae1b55a2", "ohai_machinename": "vmubuntu01", "ohai_memory": { "ohai_network": { "ohai_ohai_time": 1594852696.2341497, "ohai_os": "linux", "ohai_os_version": "5.4.0-40-generic", "ohai_packages": { "ohai_platform": "ubuntu", "ohai_platform_family": "debian", "ohai_platform_version": "20.04", "ohai_root_group": "root", "ohai_shells": [ "ohai_sysconf": { "ohai_systemd_paths": { "ohai_time": { "ohai_uptime": "28 minutes 16 seconds", "ohai_uptime_seconds": 1696, "ohai_virtualization": {ohai
"block_device": { "changed": false, "chef_packages": { "cloud": null, "command": { "counters": { "cpu": { "dmi": { "docker": { "domain": null, "filesystem": { "fips": { "fqdn": "vmubuntu01", "hostname": "vmubuntu01", "hostnamectl": { "idletime": "53 minutes 14 seconds", "idletime_seconds": 3194, "init_package": "systemd", "ip6address": "fe80::3ace:bd6d:7658:e333", "ipaddress": "10.0.3.15", "kernel": { "keys": { "languages": { "lsb": { "macaddress": "08:00:27:13:70:39", "machine_id": "389b93f59183469fb13afb4aae1b55a2", "machinename": "vmubuntu01", "memory": { "network": { "ohai_time": 1594852637.2567618, "os": "linux", "os_version": "5.4.0-40-generic", "packages": { "platform": "ubuntu", "platform_family": "debian", "platform_version": "20.04", "root_group": "root", "shells": [ "sysconf": { "systemd_paths": { "time": { "uptime": "27 minutes 17 seconds", "uptime_seconds": 1637, "virtualization": {facter
"changed": false, "disks": { "dmi": { "facterversion": "3.11.0", "filesystems": "ext2,ext3,ext4,squashfs,vfat", "fips_enabled": false, "identity": { "is_virtual": true, "kernel": "Linux", "kernelmajversion": "5.4", "kernelrelease": "5.4.0-40-generic", "kernelversion": "5.4.0", "load_averages": { "memory": { "mountpoints": { "networking": { "os": { "partitions": { "path": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games", "processors": { "ruby": { "ssh": { "system_uptime": { "timezone": "JST", "virtual": "virtualbox"情報取得方法
通常の変数を呼び出す時と同様{{ [変数名] }}で取得できます。
また、ネストされた情報は「.」で区切ることで取得できます。
例えば以下enp0s3のIPv4アドレス情報を取得したい場合、{{ ansible_enp0s3.ipv4.address }}と指定することでアドレス情報を変数として呼び出すことができます。
setup実行結果（抜粋）
"ansible_enp0s3": {
(略)
"ipv4": {
"address": "192.168.56.130",
"broadcast": "192.168.56.255",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "192.168.56.0"
},
"ansible_enp0s3.ipv4.address"取得結果
192.168.56.130