この記事の説明
POSIX規格で用意されているコマンドとその概要が一覧できるページ（チートシート）が欲しいという要望をもらった。もちろんThe Open GroupのPOSIXのページへ行って、1つ1つのコマンドのページを開けばわかることはわかるのだが、概要という形では一覧できない。
確かにそうだと思ったので、生成することにした。もちろんPOSIX原理主義（極力POSIXの範囲のコマンド）1で。 そこはやっぱ意地でしょ。
というわけで、まずは生成したチートシートをどうぞ。
これが、POSIXの範囲で使えるコマンド一覧だ！
- admin - create and administer SCCS files (DEVELOPMENT)
- alias - define or display aliases
- ar - create and maintain library archives
- asa - interpret carriage-control characters
- at - execute commands at a later time
- awk - pattern scanning and processing language
- basename - return non-directory portion of a pathname
- batch - schedule commands to be executed in a batch queue
- bc - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language
- bg - run jobs in the background
- c99 - compile standard C programs
- cal - print a calendar
- cat - concatenate and print files
- cd - change the working directory
- cflow - generate a C-language flowgraph (DEVELOPMENT)
- chgrp - change the file group ownership
- chmod - change the file modes
- chown - change the file ownership
- cksum - write file checksums and sizes
- cmp - compare two files
- comm - select or reject lines common to two files
- command - execute a simple command
- compress - compress data
- cp - copy files
- crontab - schedule periodic background work
- csplit - split files based on context
- ctags - create a tags file (DEVELOPMENT, FORTRAN)
- cut - cut out selected fields of each line of a file
- cxref - generate a C-language program cross-reference table (DEVELOPMENT)
- date - write the date and time
- dd - convert and copy a file
- delta - make a delta (change) to an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
- df - report free disk space
- diff - compare two files
- dirname - return the directory portion of a pathname
- du - estimate file space usage
- echo - write arguments to standard output
- ed - edit text
- env - set the environment for command invocation
- ex - text editor
- expand - convert tabs to spaces
- expr - evaluate arguments as an expression
- false - return false value
- fc - process the command history list
- fg - run jobs in the foreground
- file - determine file type
- find - find files
- fold - filter for folding lines
- fort77 - FORTRAN compiler (FORTRAN)
- fuser - list process IDs of all processes that have one or more files open
- gencat - generate a formatted message catalog
- get - get a version of an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
- getconf - get configuration values
- getopts - parse utility options
- grep - search a file for a pattern
- hash - remember or report utility locations
- head - copy the first part of files
- iconv - codeset conversion
- id - return user identity
- ipcrm - remove an XSI message queue, semaphore set, or shared memory segment identifier
- ipcs - report XSI interprocess communication facilities status
- jobs - display status of jobs in the current session
- join - relational database operator
- kill - terminate or signal processes
- lex - generate programs for lexical tasks (DEVELOPMENT)
- link - call link function
- ln - link files
- locale - get locale-specific information
- localedef - define locale environment
- logger - log messages
- logname - return the user's login name
- lp - send files to a printer
- ls - list directory contents
- m4 - macro processor
- mailx - process messages
- make - maintain, update, and regenerate groups of programs (DEVELOPMENT)
- man - display system documentation
- mesg - permit or deny messages
- mkdir - make directories
- mkfifo - make FIFO special files
- more - display files on a page-by-page basis
- mv - move files
- newgrp - change to a new group
- nice - invoke a utility with an altered nice value
- nl - line numbering filter
- nm - write the name list of an object file (DEVELOPMENT)
- nohup - invoke a utility immune to hangups
- od - dump files in various formats
- paste - merge corresponding or subsequent lines of files
- patch - apply changes to files
- pathchk - check pathnames
- pax - portable archive interchange
- pr - print files
- printf - write formatted output
- prs - print an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
- ps - report process status
- pwd - return working directory name
- qalter - alter batch job
- qdel - delete batch jobs
- qhold - hold batch jobs
- qmove - move batch jobs
- qmsg - send message to batch jobs
- qrerun - rerun batch jobs
- qrls - release batch jobs
- qselect - select batch jobs
- qsig - signal batch jobs
- qstat - show status of batch jobs
- qsub - submit a script
- read - read a line from standard input
- renice - set nice values of running processes
- rm - remove directory entries
- rmdel - remove a delta from an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
- rmdir - remove directories
- sact - print current SCCS file-editing activity (DEVELOPMENT)
- sccs - front end for the SCCS subsystem (DEVELOPMENT)
- sed - stream editor
- sh - shell, the standard command language interpreter
- sleep - suspend execution for an interval
- sort - sort, merge, or sequence check text files
- split - split files into pieces
- strings - find printable strings in files
- strip - remove unnecessary information from strippable files (DEVELOPMENT)
- stty - set the options for a terminal
- tabs - set terminal tabs
- tail - copy the last part of a file
- talk - talk to another user
- tee - duplicate standard input
- test - evaluate expression
- time - time a simple command
- touch - change file access and modification times
- tput - change terminal characteristics
- tr - translate characters
- true - return true value
- tsort - topological sort
- tty - return user's terminal name
- type - write a description of command type
- ulimit - set or report file size limit
- umask - get or set the file mode creation mask
- unalias - remove alias definitions
- uname - return system name
- uncompress - expand compressed data
- unexpand - convert spaces to tabs
- unget - undo a previous get of an SCCS file (DEVELOPMENT)
- uniq - report or filter out repeated lines in a file
- unlink - call the unlink function
- uucp - system-to-system copy
- uudecode - decode a binary file
- uuencode - encode a binary file
- uustat - uucp status enquiry and job control
- uux - remote command execution
- val - validate SCCS files (DEVELOPMENT)
- vi - screen-oriented (visual) display editor
- wait - await process completion
- wc - word, line, and byte or character count
- what - identify SCCS files (DEVELOPMENT)
- who - display who is on the system
- write - write to another user
- xargs - construct argument lists and invoke utility
- yacc - yet another compiler compiler (DEVELOPMENT)
- zcat - expand and concatenate data
注意（Notice）
このチートシートは、"The Open Gruop"のPOSIXドキュメントサイトに基づき、2015/09/12に生成したものです。
正確を期すため、オリジナルのページを閲覧することを推奨します。
尚、このドキュメントに関する著作権は全て上記の団体に帰属します。
This cheatsheet was generated with the Open Groups POSIX document site on 2015/09/12.
You should refer the original page.
The all copyrights of these documents belong to them.
生成に用いたソースコード
飽くまで自動生成したんだよーという言い訳と、POSIXの実力を示すために使ったソースコードを貼っておく。（ただし、コメントは英語だけね）
mk_posix_cheatsheet_md.sh
#! /bin/sh
######################################################################
#
# MK_POSIX_CHEATSHEET_MD.sh : Make the Cheat Sheet of POSIX Commands
#
# Usage : mk_posix_cheatsheet_md.sh [> /PATH/TO/SOME/FILE]
#
# * This command generates the list of the POSIX commands in Markdown
# with ONLY the POSIX commands except one of HTTP-GET command. And
# writes that into the standard output.
#
# * I made sure that this script can generate the HTML text correctly
# from the Open Group POSIX document site on 2015/09/12. But in the
# future, it also needs to revise the script for scraping the revised
# POSIX document.
#
# Required : One of HTTP-GET command (wget or curl or fetch)
#
# Written by Rich Mikan (richmikan[at]richlab.org) on 2015/09/12
#
# This is a public-domain software. It measns that all of the people
# can use this with no restrictions at all. By the way, I am fed up
# the side effects which are broght about by the major licenses.
#
######################################################################
# ====================================================================
# configure (SET THIS)
# ====================================================================
BASE='http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/'
CMDs='idx/utilities.html'
# ====================================================================
# make sure some depend non-POSIX commands (One of HTTP-GET required)
# ====================================================================
if type wget >/dev/null 2>&1; then
CMD='wget -nv -O -'
elif type curl >/dev/null 2>&1; then
CMD='curl -s'
elif type fetch >/dev/null 2>&1; then
CMD='fetch -q -o -'
else
printf '%s: No HTTP-GET command found.\n' "${0##*/}" 1>&2
exit 1
fi
# ====================================================================
# print the previous Markdown
# ====================================================================
cat <<PREVIOUS_MD
# POSIX commands Cheatsheat
PREVIOUS_MD
# ====================================================================
# print the command list in Markdown
# ====================================================================
$CMD "${BASE%/}/${CMDs}" |
sed -n '/a *href=/{s!.*href="\([^"]*\)".*!'"${BASE%/}/${CMDs%/*}/"'\1!;p;}' |
sed 's![^/]*/\.\./!!' |
while read url; do #
export url #
$CMD "$url" | #
awk 'step==2 {next ; } # #
step==1 && /blockquote/ {print ; step=2; next;} # #
/class="mansect".*>NAME</ {step=1; next ; }' | #
sed 's!^.*<blockquote>!!' | #
sed 's!</blockquote>.*$!!' | #
awk 'BEGIN { OFS=""; ORS=""; } # #
match($0, /[^ \t]+/) { # #
print "* " ; # #
print substr($0, 1 , RSTART-1); # #
print "[" ; # #
print substr($0, RSTART , RLENGTH ); # #
print "]" ; # #
print "(", ENVIRON["url"], ")" ; # #
print substr($0, RSTART+RLENGTH ); # #
print "\n" ; # #
}' #
done |
sed 's!</\{0,1\}b>!**!g'
# ====================================================================
# print the following Markdown
# ====================================================================
cat <<FOLLOWING_MD
## Notice
This page was generated with the Open Groups POSIX document site on $(date '+%Y/%m/%d').
You should refer the [original page](${BASE}).
The all copyrights of these documents belong to them.
FOLLOWING_MD
# ====================================================================
# finish normally
# ====================================================================
exit 0
こんなの夜食前だ！（只今午前2時）
さてそれじゃ、豆乳つゆちょい足しペヤングでも作って夜食にするか。
-
POSIXには通信系コマンドが殆どないので、そのための1コマンドだけは非POSIXコマンド（wgetまたはcurlまたはfetch）に頼るが、その他全てはPOSIXの範囲で作る。 ↩