Notification コード備忘
Notice: startForeground(id,notification)に関して、idが0だとクラッシュ、idが1だと通知機能が無効となる、idが2とかなら通知される、という現象に出会った。巷では0でなければOKとなっていたけれど、僕のコードではそうならなかったので、コードでは2としてます、という注記 |
Notification.Builder(context,channelId) || NotificationCompat.Builder(context,channelId) のcontextは、AndroidSystemによって通知領域を利用するために必要で、生成されるBuilderオブジェクトの存在期間を超えて存在することはない
1.API25以前のnotificationコード
2.API26以降のnotificationコード
3.Android9 Pie以降のmanifest追加コード
4.API25以前とAPI26以降を判定するコード
1.API25以前のnotificationコード
- builderでコンテンツ設定
- notifyで通知を表示
MainActivity
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"channel_id");
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("title under 8")
.setContentText("content under 8")
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
NotificationManager manager =(NotificationManager)getSystemService(this.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.notify(0,builder.build());
}
2.API26以降のnotificationコード
- builderでコンテンツ設定
- channelに重要度を設定
- channelを生成
- notifyで通知を表示
MainActivity
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"channel_id");
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("title over 8")
.setContentText("content over 8");
int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT;
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("channel_id","name",importance);
NotificationManager manager =(NotificationManager)getSystemService(this.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
manager.notify(0,builder.build());
}
3.Android9 Pie以降のmanifest追加コード
AandroidManifest
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
4.API25以前とAPI26以降を判定するコード
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >=26)
MainActivity
String CHANNEL_ID = "channel_id";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
createNotificationChannel();
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,CHANNEL_ID);
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("title")
.setContentText("content")
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT);
NotificationManager manager =(NotificationManager)getSystemService(this.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.notify(0,builder.build());
}
private void createNotificationChannel(){
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT;
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(CHANNEL_ID,"channel_name",importance);
NotificationManager manager =(NotificationManager)getSystemService(this.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
}
IntentServiceとNotification
1. API16でnotificationを作成
- Android studio targeting API16 でプロジェクト作成
- ServiceはIntentServiceを利用
- Emulator Android4.1 JellyBean API16で出力
API Level判定なしのIntentServiceコード
API Level判定ありのIntentServiceコード
API16のstartServiceコード(MainActivity)
MainActivity
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
if(Build.VERSION_SDK_INT >= 26){
startForegroundService(intent);
}else{
startService(intent);
}
}
API Level判定なしのIntentServiceコード
IntentService
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent,int flag,int starId){
Context context = getApplicationContext();
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(context,"id")
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("Title")
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW);
NotificationManagerCompat manager = NotificationManagerCompat.from(context);
manager.notify(1,builder.build());
function();
return START_STICKY;
}
public void function(){
// やりたい処理
}
API LevelありのIntentServiceコード
IntentService
public MyIntentService() {
super("MyIntentService");
}
@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"channel");
builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("sample_title")
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
.build();
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >=26){
int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT;
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("channel","name",importance);
NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
NotificationManagerCompat compatManager =NotificationManagerCompat.from(this);
startForeground(1,builder.build());
compatManager.notify(1,builder.build());
function();
return START_STICKY;
}
public void function(){
// やりたい処理
}
2. API29でnotificationを作成
- Android studio targeting API29 でプロジェクト作成
- ServiceはIntentServiceを利用
- Emulator Android9.0 Pie API29で出力
Emulator Android4.1に出力しても正常に通知された
API29のMainActivityのコード
MainActivity
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyIntentService.class);
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26){
startForegroundService(intent);
}else{
startService(intent);
}
}
API29のIntentServiceのコード
IntentService
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Notification notification;
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"id");
notification = builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("title")
.setContentText("text")
.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_DEFAULT)
.build();
startForeground(2,notification);
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 26){
int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT;
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("id","name",importance);
NotificationManager notificationManager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
}
NotificationManagerCompat managerCompat = NotificationManagerCompat.from(this);
managerCompat.notify(1,notification);
function();
return START_STICKY;
}
public void function(){
// やりたい処理
}
ServiceとNotification
AndroidManifest.java
AndroidManifest.java
<manifest ...
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE"/>
MainActivity.java
- API26以上は、startForegroundService(intent)でサービス開始。
- API26未満は、startService(intent)でサービス開始。
MainActivity.java
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
final Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
Button btn_start = findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
Button btn_stop = findViewById(R.id.btn_stop);
btn_start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >=26){
startForegroundService(intent);
}else{
startService(intent);
}
}
});
btn_stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
stopService(intent);
}
});
}
MyService.java
MyService.java
@Override
public int onStartCommand(Intent intent,int flags,int startId){
// 通知コンテンツを設定
Notification notification;
Intent intent_pending = new Intent(this,MainActivity.class);
PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,intent_pending,0);
NotificationCompat.Builder builder = new NotificationCompat.Builder(this,"id");
notification = builder.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.notification_icon)
.setContentTitle("Title")
.setContentText("Text")
.setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
.build();
// API26以上:startForeground(notificationId,notification)で通知表示
// 通知毎にチャンネルに重要度を設定して、チャンネルを生成
if(Build.VERSION.SDL_INT >= 26){
int importance = NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_LOW;
NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel("id","nama",importance);
NotificationManager manager = getSystemService(NotificationManager.class);
manager.createNotificationChannel(channel);
startForeground(1,notification);
}else{
// API26未満:コンポーネント毎に重要度を設定して
// notify(notificationId,notification)で通知表示
NotificationManagerCompat managerCompat = NotificationCompat.from(this);
notification = builder.setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW).build();
managerCompat.notify(1,notification);
}
// ToDo
Log.d("msg","Mesage");
//
return START_STICKY;
}