はじめに
今回は前回の続きでherokuデプロイを実行し、アプリへのアクセスまで行い、herokuデプロイにおける工程のアウトプットを完了させたいと思います。
前回の**[herokuデプロイ手順②]新しいアプリの作成からindexアクション表示まで**をまだ読まれていない方はそちらを先に確認して下さい。（下記URLから）
https://qiita.com/nkekisasa222/items/52c872957b30f4e8de1e
環境
Rails 5系
macOS catalina 10.15
Rubyのバージョンを指定する
Rails 5にはRuby 2.2.0以降が必要なので下記コマンドで確認。
ターミナル.
$ ruby -v
次に、確認したバージョンを下記のようにGemファイルに記述。
Gemfile.
ruby '確認したバージョン'
アプリをGitに保存する
まずGitがインストールされているかの確認。
ターミナル.
$ git --help
usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
[--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
[-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
[--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
<command> [<args>]
このように表示されれば問題なし。何も表示されなかったり、command not foundと表示される場合は下記URLからgitをインストールして下さい。
次に下記コマンドでRailsアプリのディレクトリを確認します。
ターミナル.
$ ls
Gemfile
Gemfile-e
Gemfile.lock
README.md
Rakefile
app
bin
config
config.ru
db
lib
log
package.json
public
storage
test
tmp
vendor
Railsアプリディレクトリで次のコマンドを実行して、コードを初期化してGitにコミットします。
ターミナル.
$ git init
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "init"
次のコマンドを実行すると、すべてが正しくコミットされたことを確認できます。
ターミナル.
$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
アプリケーションがGitにコミットされたので、Herokuにデプロイできます。
アプリをherokuにデプロイする
Railsアプリを含むディレクトリにいることを確認してから、herokuでアプリを作成します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku create
Creating app... done, secret-tor-42278
https://secret-tor-42278.herokuapp.com/ | https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
次のコマンドを実行して、リモートがプロジェクトに追加されたことを確認できます。
ターミナル.
$ git config --list | grep heroku
remote.heroku.url=https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
remote.heroku.fetch=+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/heroku/*
＃fatal: not in a git directoryと表示される場合は、恐らく正しいディレクトリにいませんので、もう一度lsコマンドで確認してみてください。
続いてコードをデプロイします。
ターミナル.
$ git push heroku master
remote: Compressing source files... done.
remote: Building source:
remote:
remote: ! Warning: Multiple default buildpacks reported the ability to handle this app. The first buildpack in the list below will be used.
remote: Detected buildpacks: Ruby,Node.js
remote: See https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/buildpacks#buildpack-detect-order
remote: -----> Ruby app detected
remote: -----> Compiling Ruby/Rails
remote: -----> Using Ruby version: ruby-2.6.0
remote: -----> Installing dependencies using bundler 1.15.2
remote: Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle --binstubs vendor/bundle/bin -j4 --deployment
remote: The dependency tzinfo-data (>= 0) will be unused by any of the platforms Bundler is installing for. Bundler is installing for ruby but the dependency is only for x86-mingw32, x86-mswin32, x64-mingw32, java. To add those platforms to the bundle, run `bundle lock --add-platform x86-mingw32 x86-mswin32 x64-mingw32 java`.
remote: Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.........
remote: Fetching rake 12.3.2
remote: Installing rake 12.3.2
remote: Fetching concurrent-ruby 1.1.4
remote: Fetching thread_safe 0.3.6
remote: Fetching minitest 5.11.3
remote: Installing thread_safe 0.3.6
remote: Installing minitest 5.11.3
remote: Installing concurrent-ruby 1.1.4
remote: Fetching builder 3.2.3
remote: Installing builder 3.2.3
remote: Fetching erubi 1.8.0
remote: Installing erubi 1.8.0
remote: Fetching mini_portile2 2.4.0
remote: Fetching crass 1.0.4
remote: Installing mini_portile2 2.4.0
remote: Fetching rack 2.0.6
remote: Installing crass 1.0.4
remote: Installing rack 2.0.6
remote: Fetching nio4r 2.3.1
remote: Installing nio4r 2.3.1 with native extensions
remote: Fetching websocket-extensions 0.1.3
remote: Installing websocket-extensions 0.1.3
remote: Fetching mini_mime 1.0.1
remote: Installing mini_mime 1.0.1
remote: Fetching arel 9.0.0
remote: Installing arel 9.0.0
remote: Fetching mimemagic 0.3.3
remote: Fetching msgpack 1.2.4
remote: Installing msgpack 1.2.4 with native extensions
remote: Installing mimemagic 0.3.3
remote: Using bundler 1.17.2
remote: Fetching coffee-script-source 1.12.2
remote: Installing coffee-script-source 1.12.2
remote: Fetching execjs 2.7.0
remote: Installing execjs 2.7.0
remote: Fetching method_source 0.9.2
remote: Installing method_source 0.9.2
remote: Fetching thor 0.20.3
remote: Installing thor 0.20.3
remote: Fetching ffi 1.9.25
remote: Installing ffi 1.9.25 with native extensions
remote: Fetching multi_json 1.13.1
remote: Installing multi_json 1.13.1
remote: Fetching pg 1.1.3
remote: Installing pg 1.1.3 with native extensions
remote: Fetching puma 3.12.0
remote: Installing puma 3.12.0 with native extensions
remote: Fetching rb-fsevent 0.10.3
remote: Installing rb-fsevent 0.10.3
remote: Fetching tilt 2.0.9
remote: Installing tilt 2.0.9
remote: Fetching turbolinks-source 5.2.0
remote: Installing turbolinks-source 5.2.0
remote: Fetching tzinfo 1.2.5
remote: Installing tzinfo 1.2.5
remote: Fetching nokogiri 1.9.1
remote: Installing nokogiri 1.9.1 with native extensions
remote: Fetching i18n 1.4.0
remote: Installing i18n 1.4.0
remote: Fetching websocket-driver 0.7.0
remote: Installing websocket-driver 0.7.0 with native extensions
remote: Fetching mail 2.7.1
remote: Installing mail 2.7.1
remote: Fetching rack-test 1.1.0
remote: Installing rack-test 1.1.0
remote: Fetching sprockets 3.7.2
remote: Installing sprockets 3.7.2
remote: Fetching marcel 0.3.3
remote: Installing marcel 0.3.3
remote: Fetching coffee-script 2.4.1
remote: Installing coffee-script 2.4.1
remote: Fetching uglifier 4.1.20
remote: Installing uglifier 4.1.20
remote: Fetching bootsnap 1.3.2
remote: Installing bootsnap 1.3.2 with native extensions
remote: Fetching rb-inotify 0.10.0
remote: Installing rb-inotify 0.10.0
remote: Fetching turbolinks 5.2.0
remote: Installing turbolinks 5.2.0
remote: Fetching activesupport 5.2.2
remote: Installing activesupport 5.2.2
remote: Fetching loofah 2.2.3
remote: Fetching sass-listen 4.0.0
remote: Installing loofah 2.2.3
remote: Installing sass-listen 4.0.0
remote: Fetching rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
remote: Installing rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
remote: Fetching globalid 0.4.1
remote: Installing globalid 0.4.1
remote: Fetching activemodel 5.2.2
remote: Installing activemodel 5.2.2
remote: Fetching jbuilder 2.8.0
remote: Installing jbuilder 2.8.0
remote: Fetching sass 3.7.2
remote: Installing sass 3.7.2
remote: Fetching rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.4
remote: Installing rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.4
remote: Fetching activejob 5.2.2
remote: Installing activejob 5.2.2
remote: Fetching activerecord 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionview 5.2.2
remote: Installing activerecord 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionview 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionpack 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionpack 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actioncable 5.2.2
remote: Fetching activestorage 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionmailer 5.2.2
remote: Installing actioncable 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionmailer 5.2.2
remote: Installing activestorage 5.2.2
remote: Fetching railties 5.2.2
remote: Installing railties 5.2.2
remote: Fetching sprockets-rails 3.2.1
remote: Installing sprockets-rails 3.2.1
remote: Fetching coffee-rails 4.2.2
remote: Fetching sass-rails 5.0.7
remote: Fetching rails 5.2.2
remote: Installing rails 5.2.2
remote: Installing coffee-rails 4.2.2
remote: Installing sass-rails 5.0.7
remote: Bundle complete! 18 Gemfile dependencies, 61 gems now installed.
remote: Gems in the groups development and test were not installed.
remote: Bundled gems are installed into `./vendor/bundle`
remote: Post-install message from i18n:
remote:
remote: HEADS UP! i18n 1.1 changed fallbacks to exclude default locale.
remote: But that may break your application.
remote:
remote: Please check your Rails app for 'config.i18n.fallbacks = true'.
remote: If you're using I18n (>= 1.1.0) and Rails (< 5.2.2), this should be
remote: 'config.i18n.fallbacks = [I18n.default_locale]'.
remote: If not, fallbacks will be broken in your app by I18n 1.1.x.
remote:
remote: For more info see:
remote: https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/releases/tag/v1.1.0
remote:
remote: Post-install message from sass:
remote:
remote: Ruby Sass is deprecated and will be unmaintained as of 26 March 2019.
remote:
remote: * If you use Sass as a command-line tool, we recommend using Dart Sass, the new
remote: primary implementation: https://sass-lang.com/install
remote:
remote: * If you use Sass as a plug-in for a Ruby web framework, we recommend using the
remote: sassc gem: https://github.com/sass/sassc-ruby#readme
remote:
remote: * For more details, please refer to the Sass blog:
remote: http://sass.logdown.com/posts/7081811
remote:
remote: Removing bundler (1.15.2)
remote: Bundle completed (42.62s)
remote: Cleaning up the bundler cache.
remote: The dependency tzinfo-data (>= 0) will be unused by any of the platforms Bundler is installing for. Bundler is installing for ruby but the dependency is only for x86-mingw32, x86-mswin32, x64-mingw32, java. To add those platforms to the bundle, run `bundle lock --add-platform x86-mingw32 x86-mswin32 x64-mingw32 java`.
remote: -----> Installing node-v8.10.0-linux-x64
remote: -----> Detecting rake tasks
remote: -----> Preparing app for Rails asset pipeline
remote: Running: rake assets:precompile
remote: Yarn executable was not detected in the system.
remote: Download Yarn at https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/install
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.683335 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-9622f0fe63bfad91bdeaa3a771e86262263840678fd66849b311b6cfb3f7cc85.js
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.683750 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-9622f0fe63bfad91bdeaa3a771e86262263840678fd66849b311b6cfb3f7cc85.js.gz
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.693392 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855.css
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.693515 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855.css.gz
remote: Asset precompilation completed (3.72s)
remote: Cleaning assets
remote: Running: rake assets:clean
remote: -----> Detecting rails configuration
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: You set your `config.active_storage.service` to :local in production.
remote: If you are uploading files to this app, they will not persist after the app
remote: is restarted, on one-off dynos, or if the app has multiple dynos.
remote: Heroku applications have an ephemeral file system. To
remote: persist uploaded files, please use a service such as S3 and update your Rails
remote: configuration.
remote:
remote: For more information can be found in this article:
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/active-storage-on-heroku
remote:
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: We detected that some binary dependencies required to
remote: use all the preview features of Active Storage are not
remote: present on this system.
remote:
remote: For more information please see:
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/active-storage-on-heroku
remote:
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: No Procfile detected, using the default web server.
remote: We recommend explicitly declaring how to boot your server process via a Procfile.
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/ruby-default-web-server
remote:
remote:
remote: -----> Discovering process types
remote: Procfile declares types -> (none)
remote: Default types for buildpack -> console, rake, web
remote:
remote: -----> Compressing...
remote: Done: 41.3M
remote: -----> Launching...
remote: Released v6
remote: https://secret-tor-42278.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
remote:
remote: Verifying deploy... done.
To https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
* [new branch] master -> master
実行結果に警告またはエラーがないかどうかを確認することを常にお勧めします。問題なければ、データベースを移行できます。
データベースの移行
次のコマンドで手動でデータベースを移行します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku run rake db:migrate
アプリへアクセス
webプロセスタイプを実行する1つのdynoがあることを確認します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku ps:scale web=1
dynoの状態を確認します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku ps
Free dyno hours quota remaining this month: 967h 44m (96%)
Free dyno usage for this app: 0h 0m (0%)
For more information on dyno sleeping and how to upgrade, see:
https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/dyno-sleeping
=== web (Free): bin/rails server -p $PORT -e $RAILS_ENV (1)
web.1: starting 2019/01/03 11:16:50 -0600 (~ 6s ago)
このように出力されれば1つのdynoが実行されているので、ブラウザでアプリにアクセスできます。
ターミナル.
$ heroku open
前回作成したindexアクションが表示されるはずです。
herokuでは、開発中の簡素化のためにデフォルトのWeb URLが提供されます。herokuをスケールアップして本番環境で使用する準備ができたら、下記URLから独自のカスタムドメインを追加できます。
最後に
これでherokuデプロイの手順は完了です。
さらに詳しく調べたい場合は下記URLから公式のリファレンスヘアクセスして下さい！