やりたいこと
AWS RDS for Oracleでは初期化パラメータを変更することができますが、すべてを変更できるわけではありません。
AWS CLIで変更できない（あるいはできる）パラメータの一覧の取得しました。
Amazon RDS(Oracle) Oracle Database 12.1インスタンスのデフォルトのパラメータグループ「default.oracle-ee-12.1」で確認。
--fileterがdescribe-db-parametersでサポートされていないようなので結果出力後grep(JSONの場合はjq)でフィルタしています。
変更できないパラメータ一覧（IsModifiable=false）
コマンド
aws rds describe-db-parameters --db-parameter-group-name default.oracle-ee-12.1 --query 'Parameters[].[ParameterName,IsModifiable]' --output table | grep -v True
JSON形式の場合
aws rds describe-db-parameters --db-parameter-group-name default.oracle-ee-12.1 --output json |jq '.Parameters[] | if .IsModifiable == false then .ParameterName else empty end'
結果
----------------------------------------------------------
| DescribeDBParameters |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------+
| _gc_defer_time | False |
| archive_lag_target | False |
| audit_file_dest | False |
| audit_sys_operations | False |
| audit_syslog_level | False |
| background_dump_dest | False |
| commit_write | False |
| connection_brokers | False |
| control_files | False |
| core_dump_dest | False |
| db_8k_cache_size | False |
| db_block_size | False |
| db_create_file_dest | False |
| db_create_online_log_dest_1 | False |
| db_create_online_log_dest_2 | False |
| db_create_online_log_dest_3 | False |
| db_create_online_log_dest_4 | False |
| db_create_online_log_dest_5 | False |
| db_file_name_convert | False |
| db_name | False |
| db_recovery_file_dest | False |
| db_unique_name | False |
| db_unrecoverable_scn_tracking | False |
| dbwr_io_slaves | False |
| dg_broker_config_file1 | False |
| dg_broker_config_file2 | False |
| dg_broker_start | False |
| diagnostic_dest | False |
| disk_asynch_io | False |
| dst_upgrade_insert_conv | False |
| enable_pluggable_database | False |
| event | False |
| fal_client | False |
| fal_server | False |
| filesystemio_options | False |
| fixed_date | False |
| gcs_server_processes | False |
| ifile | False |
| inmemory_max_populate_servers | False |
| instance_name | False |
| java_jit_enabled | False |
| java_max_sessionspace_size | False |
| java_pool_size | False |
| java_soft_sessionspace_limit | False |
| ldap_directory_sysauth | False |
| listener_networks | False |
| local_listener | False |
| lock_sga | False |
| log_archive_config | False |
| log_archive_dest | False |
| log_archive_dest_1 | False |
| log_archive_dest_state_1 | False |
| log_archive_format | False |
| log_archive_local_first | False |
| log_file_name_convert | False |
| max_enabled_roles | False |
| max_string_size | False |
| o7_dictionary_accessibility | False |
| os_authent_prefix | False |
| os_roles | False |
| pdb_file_name_convert | False |
| processor_group_name | False |
| rdbms_server_dn | False |
| read_only_open_delayed | False |
| recovery_parallelism | False |
| redo_transport_user | False |
| remote_listener | False |
| remote_login_passwordfile | False |
| remote_os_authent | False |
| remote_os_roles | False |
| rollback_segments | False |
| service_names | False |
| shared_memory_address | False |
| spatial_vector_acceleration | False |
| spfile | False |
| standby_archive_dest | False |
| standby_file_management | False |
| thread | False |
| threaded_execution | False |
| undo_management | False |
| use_dedicated_broker | False |
| use_indirect_data_buffers | False |
| use_large_pages | False |
| user_dump_dest | False |
| utl_file_dir | False |
| xml_db_events | False |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------+
変更できるパラメータ一覧（IsModifiable=true）
コマンド
aws rds describe-db-parameters --db-parameter-group-name default.oracle-ee-12.1 --query 'Parameters[].[ParameterName,IsModifiable]' --output table | grep -v False
JSON形式の場合
aws rds describe-db-parameters --db-parameter-group-name default.oracle-ee-12.1 --output json |jq '.Parameters[] | if .IsModifiable == true then .ParameterName else empty end'
結果
----------------------------------------------------------
| DescribeDBParameters |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------+
| _allow_level_without_connect_by | True |
| _always_semi_join | True |
| _b_tree_bitmap_plans | True |
| _cursor_features_enabled | True |
| _cursor_obsolete_threshold | True |
| _disable_function_based_index | True |
| _enable_shared_pool_durations | True |
| _fast_full_scan_enabled | True |
| _fix_control | True |
| _gby_hash_aggregation_enabled | True |
| _ignore_desc_in_index | True |
| _kks_obsolete_dump_threshold | True |
| _like_with_bind_as_equality | True |
| _no_or_expansion | True |
| _optim_peek_user_binds | True |
| _optimizer_adaptive_cursor_sharing | True |
| _optimizer_autostats_job | True |
| _optimizer_cartesian_enabled | True |
| _optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing | True |
| _optimizer_extended_cursor_sharing_rel | True |
| _optimizer_gather_feedback | True |
| _optimizer_join_elimination_enabled | True |
| _optimizer_join_sel_sanity_check | True |
| _optimizer_max_permutations | True |
| _optimizer_mjc_enabled | True |
| _optimizer_sortmerge_join_enabled | True |
| _optimizer_use_feedback | True |
| _partition_view_enabled | True |
| _report_capture_cycle_time | True |
| _sort_elimination_cost_ratio | True |
| _sqlexec_progression_cost | True |
| _unnest_subquery | True |
| _use_single_log_writer | True |
| aq_tm_processes | True |
| audit_trail | True |
| background_core_dump | True |
| bitmap_merge_area_size | True |
| blank_trimming | True |
| buffer_pool_keep | True |
| buffer_pool_recycle | True |
| circuits | True |
| client_result_cache_lag | True |
| client_result_cache_size | True |
| commit_logging | True |
| commit_point_strength | True |
| commit_wait | True |
| compatible | True |
| control_file_record_keep_time | True |
| control_management_pack_access | True |
| cpu_count | True |
| create_bitmap_area_size | True |
| create_stored_outlines | True |
| cursor_bind_capture_destination | True |
| cursor_sharing | True |
| cursor_space_for_time | True |
| db_16k_cache_size | True |
| db_2k_cache_size | True |
| db_32k_cache_size | True |
| db_4k_cache_size | True |
| db_big_table_cache_percent_target | True |
| db_block_buffers | True |
| db_block_checking | True |
| db_block_checksum | True |
| db_cache_advice | True |
| db_cache_size | True |
| db_domain | True |
| db_file_multiblock_read_count | True |
| db_files | True |
| db_flashback_retention_target | True |
| db_index_compression_inheritance | True |
| db_keep_cache_size | True |
| db_lost_write_protect | True |
| db_recovery_file_dest_size | True |
| db_recycle_cache_size | True |
| db_securefile | True |
| db_ultra_safe | True |
| db_writer_processes | True |
| ddl_lock_timeout | True |
| deferred_segment_creation | True |
| dispatchers | True |
| distributed_lock_timeout | True |
| dml_locks | True |
| enable_ddl_logging | True |
| enable_goldengate_replication | True |
| fast_start_mttr_target | True |
| fast_start_parallel_rollback | True |
| global_context_pool_size | True |
| global_names | True |
| heat_map | True |
| hs_autoregister | True |
| inmemory_clause_default | True |
| inmemory_clause_default_memcompress | True |
| inmemory_clause_default_priority | True |
| inmemory_force | True |
| inmemory_query | True |
| inmemory_size | True |
| inmemory_trickle_repopulate_servers_percent | True |
| job_queue_processes | True |
| large_pool_size | True |
| ldap_directory_access | True |
| license_max_sessions | True |
| license_max_users | True |
| license_sessions_warning | True |
| lock_name_space | True |
| log_archive_max_processes | True |
| log_archive_min_succeed_dest | True |
| log_archive_trace | True |
| log_buffer | True |
| log_checkpoint_interval | True |
| log_checkpoint_timeout | True |
| log_checkpoints_to_alert | True |
| max_dispatchers | True |
| max_dump_file_size | True |
| max_shared_servers | True |
| memory_max_target | True |
| memory_target | True |
| nls_date_format | True |
| nls_length_semantics | True |
| nls_nchar_conv_excp | True |
| nls_time_format | True |
| nls_time_tz_format | True |
| nls_timestamp_format | True |
| nls_timestamp_tz_format | True |
| noncdb_compatible | True |
| object_cache_max_size_percent | True |
| object_cache_optimal_size | True |
| olap_page_pool_size | True |
| open_cursors | True |
| open_links | True |
| open_links_per_instance | True |
| optimizer_adaptive_features | True |
| optimizer_adaptive_reporting_only | True |
| optimizer_capture_sql_plan_baselines | True |
| optimizer_dynamic_sampling | True |
| optimizer_features_enable | True |
| optimizer_index_caching | True |
| optimizer_index_cost_adj | True |
| optimizer_mode | True |
| optimizer_secure_view_merging | True |
| optimizer_use_invisible_indexes | True |
| optimizer_use_pending_statistics | True |
| optimizer_use_sql_plan_baselines | True |
| parallel_adaptive_multi_user | True |
| parallel_automatic_tuning | True |
| parallel_degree_level | True |
| parallel_degree_limit | True |
| parallel_degree_policy | True |
| parallel_execution_message_size | True |
| parallel_max_servers | True |
| parallel_min_servers | True |
| parallel_min_time_threshold | True |
| parallel_servers_target | True |
| parallel_threads_per_cpu | True |
| permit_92_wrap_format | True |
| pga_aggregate_limit | True |
| pga_aggregate_target | True |
| plscope_settings | True |
| plsql_ccflags | True |
| plsql_code_type | True |
| plsql_debug | True |
| plsql_optimize_level | True |
| plsql_v2_compatibility | True |
| plsql_warnings | True |
| processes | True |
| query_rewrite_enabled | True |
| query_rewrite_integrity | True |
| recyclebin | True |
| remote_dependencies_mode | True |
| replication_dependency_tracking | True |
| resource_limit | True |
| resource_manager_cpu_allocation | True |
| resource_manager_plan | True |
| result_cache_max_result | True |
| result_cache_max_size | True |
| result_cache_mode | True |
| result_cache_remote_expiration | True |
| resumable_timeout | True |
| sec_case_sensitive_logon | True |
| sec_max_failed_login_attempts | True |
| sec_protocol_error_further_action | True |
| sec_protocol_error_trace_action | True |
| sec_return_server_release_banner | True |
| serial_reuse | True |
| session_cached_cursors | True |
| session_max_open_files | True |
| sessions | True |
| sga_max_size | True |
| sga_target | True |
| shadow_core_dump | True |
| shared_pool_reserved_size | True |
| shared_pool_size | True |
| shared_server_sessions | True |
| shared_servers | True |
| skip_unusable_indexes | True |
| smtp_out_server | True |
| sort_area_retained_size | True |
| sort_area_size | True |
| sql92_security | True |
| sql_trace | True |
| sqltune_category | True |
| star_transformation_enabled | True |
| statistics_level | True |
| streams_pool_size | True |
| temp_undo_enabled | True |
| timed_os_statistics | True |
| timed_statistics | True |
| trace_enabled | True |
| transactions | True |
| transactions_per_rollback_segment | True |
| undo_retention | True |
| undo_tablespace | True |
| unified_audit_sga_queue_size | True |
| workarea_size_policy | True |
+-----------------------------------------------+--------+
参考
Amazon Relational Database Serviceユーザーガイド
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ja_jp/AmazonRDS/latest/UserGuide/USER_WorkingWithParamGroups.html#USER_WorkingWithParamGroups.Viewing
AWS CLI コマンドリファレンス
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/rds/describe-db-parameters.html
AWS CLIコマンドの実行オプション
http://qiita.com/takech9203/items/4b9394ddd3f190835ca5
AWS CLIのフィルターとクエリーの使い方についてまとめてみた
http://dev.classmethod.jp/cloud/aws/aws-cli-filter-and-query-howto/