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jqコマンドでCSVをJSONに変換してElasticSearchに登録する

Last updated at Posted at 2020-02-26

1.概要

jqコマンドでCSVをJSONに変換してElasticSearchに登録した際の手順メモです。

2.環境

ElasticSearch Linux
6.5.3 Amazon Linux 2

3.手順

3.1.使用するCSV

$ cat test.csv 
id,name,age,address
01,taro,12,tokyo
02,hanako,13,kyoto
03,ichiro,16,osaka

3.2.Mappingファイル作成

上記のCSVに対応したMaapingファイルを作成します。

$ cat mapping.jq 
split("\n")|map(split(","))|
   map({"id":.[0],
        "name":.[1],
        "age":.[2],
        "address":.[3],
})

3.3.CSVをJSONに変換

結論から言うと以下のコマンドになります。
3.3.x.でコマンドの詳細を説明します。

$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv |jq 'del(.[][] | nulls)'\
|head -n -2 | sed -e 1d -e 's/},/}/g' | jq . -c|\
sed "s/^/{ \"index\" :{} }\n/g" > test.json

3.3.1.jqコマンドを使用してCSVをJSONに変換

jq -R -s -f <mappingファイル> <CSVファイル>

--raw-input / -R
入力値は、JSONとしてパースしないでください。
その代わりに、(このオプションを用いる事で)テキストの各行は
文字列としてフィルタに渡されます。
もし --slurpオプションと組み合わせた場合
入力全体が単一の長い文字列として フィルタに渡されます。

--slurp/ -s
入力内の各JSONオブジェクトに対してフィルターを実行する代わりに、
入力ストリーム全体を大きな配列に読み取り、フィルターを1回だけ実行します。

-f filename/ --from-file filename:
awkの-fオプションのように、コマンドラインからではなくファイルからフィルターを読み取ります。
「#」を使用してコメントを作成することもできます。

--compact-output/ -c:
デフォルトでは、jqはJSON出力をプリティプリントします。
このオプションを使用すると、各JSONオブジェクトが1行に配置されるため
出力がよりコンパクトになります。

$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv 
[
  {
    "id": "id",
    "name": "name",
    "age": "age",
    "address": "address"
  },
  {
    "id": "01",
    "name": "taro",
    "age": "12",
    "address": "tokyo"
  },
  {
    "id": "02",
    "name": "hanako",
    "age": "13",
    "address": "kyoto"
  },
  {
    "id": "03",
    "name": "ichiro",
    "age": "16",
    "address": "osaka"
  },
  {
    "id": null,
    "name": null,
    "age": null,
    "address": null
  }
]

3.3.2.なぜかnullが入ってしまうので削除

$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv |jq 'del(.[][] | nulls)'
[
  {
    "id": "id",
    "name": "name",
    "age": "age",
    "address": "address"
  },
  {
    "id": "01",
    "name": "taro",
    "age": "12",
    "address": "tokyo"
  },
  {
    "id": "02",
    "name": "hanako",
    "age": "13",
    "address": "kyoto"
  },
  {
    "id": "03",
    "name": "ichiro",
    "age": "16",
    "address": "osaka"
  },
  {}
]

3.3.3.余計な部分を削除

$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv |jq 'del(.[][] | nulls)'\
|head -n -2 | sed -e 1d -e 's/},/}/g' | jq . -c

{"id":"id","name":"name","age":"age","address":"address"}
{"id":"01","name":"taro","age":"12","address":"tokyo"}
{"id":"02","name":"hanako","age":"13","address":"kyoto"}
{"id":"03","name":"ichiro","age":"16","address":"osaka"}

3.3.4.ElasticSearchでBulkできるようにIndexを付与

$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv |jq 'del(.[][] | nulls)'\
|head -n -2 | sed -e 1d -e 's/},/}/g' | jq . -c|\
sed "s/^/{ \"index\" :{} }\n/g"

{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"id","name":"name","age":"age","address":"address"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"01","name":"taro","age":"12","address":"tokyo"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"02","name":"hanako","age":"13","address":"kyoto"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"03","name":"ichiro","age":"16","address":"osaka"}

3.3.5.上記の結果をファイルに保存


$ jq -R -s -f mapping.jq test.csv |jq 'del(.[][] | nulls)'\
|head -n -2 | sed -e 1d -e 's/},/}/g' |\ jq . -c|\
sed "s/^/{ \"index\" :{} }\n/g" > test.json

$ cat test.json
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"id","name":"name","age":"age","address":"address"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"01","name":"taro","age":"12","address":"tokyo"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"02","name":"hanako","age":"13","address":"kyoto"}
{ "index" :{} }
{"id":"03","name":"ichiro","age":"16","address":"osaka"}

3.4. ElasticSearchへのBulkInsert


curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" "<ホスト名>/<Index名>/<Type名>/_bulk?pretty" --data-binary @<ファイル名>

$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" "localhost:9200/index/type/_bulk?pretty" --data-binary @test.json
{
  "took" : 1583,
  "errors" : false,
  "items" : [
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "XWxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "Xmxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "X2xcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 0,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    },
    {
      "index" : {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "YGxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_version" : 1,
        "result" : "created",
        "_shards" : {
          "total" : 2,
          "successful" : 1,
          "failed" : 0
        },
        "_seq_no" : 1,
        "_primary_term" : 1,
        "status" : 201
      }
    }
  ]
}

3.4.1.結果確認

$ curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XGET 'localhost:9200/index/type/_search?pretty'

{
  "took" : 5,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 5,
    "successful" : 5,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : 4,
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "X2xcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "02",
          "name" : "hanako",
          "age" : "13",
          "address" : "kyoto"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "YGxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "03",
          "name" : "ichiro",
          "age" : "16",
          "address" : "osaka"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "XWxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "id",
          "name" : "name",
          "age" : "age",
          "address" : "address"
        }
      },
      {
        "_index" : "index",
        "_type" : "type",
        "_id" : "Xmxcf3ABW0y3WGzTST46",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "id" : "01",
          "name" : "taro",
          "age" : "12",
          "address" : "tokyo"
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

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