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【Project Euler】Problem 61: しりとり多角数

Last updated at Posted at 2022-01-31
  • 本記事はProjectEulerの「100番以下の問題の説明は記載可能」という規定に基づいて回答のヒントが書かれていますので、自分である程度考えてみてから読まれることをお勧めします。

問題 61. しりとり多角数

原文 Problem 61: Cyclical figurate numbers

**問題の要約:4桁の多角数(3・4・5・6・7・8角数)6種類が2つの数字のしりとりで循環するような集合の和を求めよ。

言葉で書くと分かりづらいですが、条件としては、

  • 4桁の多角数6種類(3・4・5・6・7・8角数)の集合
  • 6つの数は後ろ2桁と前2桁が等しい2桁しりとりの形になり巡回する
  • 多角数6種類の順番は自由

以下が多角数3種類の例です。

8128(三角数)2882(五角数)8281(四角数)

まず2桁しりとりのチェックする関数isCytclic

def isCyclic(n1, n2):
  return str(n1)[-2:] == str(n2)[:2]

次に4桁の多角数6種類(3・4・5・6・7・8角数)をすべてリストします。

# Create a list of 4-digit poligon numbers 
FigNums = [[pn for pn in [f(n) for n in range(1,1000)] if len(str(pn)) == 4] for f in funclist]

後は再帰呼び出しで2桁しりとりの数を異なる多角数から循環するまで探索します。

def findCyclic(foundList, remPolType):     # FoundList, Remaining Pol Type e.g [0,1,2]
  if len(foundList) == 6 and isCyclic(foundList[-1],foundList[0]): 
      return foundList+[0]    # Answer found = len(foundList) == 7
  
  for pt in remPolType:
    for nextnum in FigNums[pt]:
      if len(foundList) == 0 or isCyclic(foundList[-1],nextnum):   
        fl = findCyclic(foundList+[nextnum],remPolType-{pt}) # call findCyclic for remaining Pol Types
        if len(fl) == 7: return fl
  return foundList

remPol = set({0,1,2,3,4,5})
fl = findCyclic([],remPol)
print(f"Answer: {sum(fl)}, {fl[:-1]}") 

(開発環境:Google Colab)

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