はじめに
転職先でLaravelを使うことになるんですが、どうせならDockerでLaravelの環境作ってみたいなと、「Docker&仮想サーバー完全入門」を読んでとりあえずDockerのコマンドをひたすら叩いた。
これ読んだだけでは自分で環境作ったりするのには十分ではないので、本を参考にしつつ先人の知恵も拝借しながら、Laravelの環境を構築する。
失敗した内容も記載しているので長いのはご愛敬。
構成
laravel
├src
├compose.yaml
└Dockerfile
compose.yaml
services:
db:
image: mariadb:10.1
environment:
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: rootpass
MARIADB_DATABASE: testdb
MARIADB_USER: testuser
MARIADB_PASSWORD: testpass
volumes:
- db-data:/var/lib/mysql
phpmyadmin:
image: phpmyadmin:5.2
depends_on:
- db
environment:
PMA_HOST: db
PMA_USER: testuser
PMA_PASSWORD: testpass
ports:
- "8080:80"
volumes:
- phpmyadmin-data:/sessions
php:
build: .
depends_on:
- db
ports:
- "8082:80"
volumes:
- ./src:/var/www/html
volumes:
db-data:
phpmyadmin-data:
Dockerfile
FROM php:7.2-apache
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y libonig-dev
# mariadbにアクセスするためにPDOをインストール
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
# composerのインストール
RUN cd /usr/bin && curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php && ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer
Laravelプロジェクトの作成(1回目エラー)
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose run --rm php composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel7-project "7.*"
[+] Running 14/14
✔ db 13 layers [⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿⣿] 0B/0B Pulled 31.5s
✔ 01bf7da0a88c Pull complete 10.7s
✔ f3b4a5f15c7a Pull complete 10.7s
✔ 57ffbe87baa1 Pull complete 10.8s
✔ 7ac3ea3a19e9 Pull complete 10.8s
✔ b89d9d23853d Pull complete 10.9s
✔ 6512bf94537d Pull complete 11.0s
✔ d75afd385b71 Pull complete 11.0s
✔ ab1935952eac Pull complete 11.1s
✔ 209bb6034896 Pull complete 11.2s
✔ aa325c613ddb Pull complete 11.2s
✔ 050a67aa09df Pull complete 27.8s
✔ bdb7d28d54b6 Pull complete 27.9s
✔ 0bc74f023b50 Pull complete 27.9s
[+] Running 2/2
✔ Network laravel_default Created 0.0s
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Created 0.2s
[+] Running 1/1
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Started 0.4s
[+] Building 2.0s (9/9) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 32B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache 1.9s
=> [1/5] FROM docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache@sha256:4dc0f0115acf8c2f0df69295ae822e49f5ad5fe849725847f15aa0e5802b55f8 0.0s
=> CACHED [2/5] RUN apt-get update 0.0s
=> CACHED [3/5] RUN apt-get install -y libonig-dev 0.0s
=> CACHED [4/5] RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql 0.0s
=> CACHED [5/5] RUN cd /usr/bin && curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php && ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer 0.0s
=> exporting to image 0.0s
=> => exporting layers 0.0s
=> => writing image sha256:d523bb1c2f69a3aaf16495da0c57beb243bb174b6b3fd24fdd24b934d7433881 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/laravel-php 0.0s
Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./laravel7-project"
Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine
Installing laravel/laravel (v7.30.1)
Failed to download laravel/laravel from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
Your command-line PHP is using multiple ini files. Run `php --ini` to show them.
Now trying to download from source
In GitDownloader.php line 82:
git was not found in your PATH, skipping source download
create-project [-s|--stability STABILITY] [--prefer-source] [--prefer-dist] [--prefer-install PREFER-INSTALL] [--repository REPOSITORY] [--repository-url REPOSITORY-URL] [--add-repository] [--dev] [--no-dev] [--no-custom-installers] [--no-scripts] [--no-progress] [--no-secure-http] [--keep-vcs] [--remove-vcs] [--no-install] [--no-audit] [--audit-format AUDIT-FORMAT] [--ignore-platform-req IGNORE-PLATFORM-REQ] [--ignore-platform-reqs] [--ask] [--] [<package> [<directory> [<version>]]]
以下のエラーに対応する必要がありそう。
Failed to download laravel/laravel from dist: The zip extension and unzip/7z commands are both missing, skipping.
これを解決するには、php.iniを用意する必要があるようだ。
とりあえず、docker compose up -dで起動して、php.iniを確認。
存在しないので、Dopckerfileを修正。
しかし、php.iniにextension=zipがないので、ZIP拡張も入れるようにする。
Dockerfile
FROM php:7.2-apache
RUN apt-get update
RUN apt-get install -y libonig-dev
# mariadbにアクセスするためにPDOをインストール
RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql
# Zipを扱うためにzlib-devとZIP拡張をインストール
RUN apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev
RUN docker-php-ext-install zip
# composerのインストール
RUN cd /usr/bin && curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php && ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer
RUN cp /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini-development /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini
Laravelプロジェクトの作成(2回目エラー)
Dockerfileを直したので、まずはbuild
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose build
[+] Building 26.5s (12/12) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 550B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache 1.8s
=> [1/8] FROM docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache@sha256:4dc0f0115acf8c2f0df69295ae822e49f5ad5fe849725847f15aa0e5802b55f8 0.0s
=> CACHED [2/8] RUN apt-get update 0.0s
=> CACHED [3/8] RUN apt-get install -y libonig-dev 0.0s
=> CACHED [4/8] RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql 0.0s
=> [5/8] RUN apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev 1.7s
=> [6/8] RUN docker-php-ext-install zip 15.1s
=> [7/8] RUN cd /usr/bin && curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php && ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer 7.2s
=> [8/8] RUN cp /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini-development /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini 0.5s
=> exporting to image 0.1s
=> => exporting layers 0.1s
=> => writing image sha256:4b671e1e7644abdda5eb9af773f36a8aa2f8b2b8869e6fc2d3d54b3f960de7c5 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/laravel-php
次にLaravelプロジェクトを作成。
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose run --rm php composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel7-project "7.*"
[+] Running 2/2
✔ Network laravel_default Created 0.0s
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Created 0.1s
[+] Running 1/1
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Started 0.4s
Creating a "laravel/laravel" project at "./laravel7-project"
Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine
Installing laravel/laravel (v7.30.1)
As there is no 'unzip' nor '7z' command installed zip files are being unpacked using the PHP zip extension.
This may cause invalid reports of corrupted archives. Besides, any UNIX permissions (e.g. executable) defined in the archives will be lost.
Installing 'unzip' or '7z' (21.01+) may remediate them.
- Downloading laravel/laravel (v7.30.1)
- Installing laravel/laravel (v7.30.1): Extracting archive
Created project in /var/www/html/laravel7-project
> @php -r "file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');"
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Lock file operations: 94 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
- Locking asm89/stack-cors (v2.1.1)
- Locking brick/math (0.9.3)
- Locking doctrine/inflector (2.0.6)
・・・省略・・・
- Locking tijsverkoyen/css-to-inline-styles (2.2.6)
- Locking vlucas/phpdotenv (v4.3.0)
- Locking voku/portable-ascii (1.6.1)
Writing lock file
Installing dependencies from lock file (including require-dev)
Package operations: 94 installs, 0 updates, 0 removals
- Downloading doctrine/inflector (2.0.6)
- Downloading doctrine/lexer (1.2.3)
- Downloading dragonmantank/cron-expression (v2.3.1)
・・・省略・・・
- Downloading myclabs/deep-copy (1.11.1)
- Downloading doctrine/instantiator (1.5.0)
- Downloading phpunit/phpunit (8.5.33)
- Installing doctrine/inflector (2.0.6): Extracting archive
- Installing doctrine/lexer (1.2.3): Extracting archive
- Installing dragonmantank/cron-expression (v2.3.1): Extracting archive
・・・省略・・・
- Installing myclabs/deep-copy (1.11.1): Extracting archive
- Installing doctrine/instantiator (1.5.0): Extracting archive
- Installing phpunit/phpunit (8.5.33): Extracting archive
75 package suggestions were added by new dependencies, use `composer suggest` to see details.
Package fruitcake/laravel-cors is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
Package swiftmailer/swiftmailer is abandoned, you should avoid using it. Use symfony/mailer instead.
Package phpunit/php-token-stream is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
Generating optimized autoload files
> Illuminate\Foundation\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump
> @php artisan package:discover --ansi
Discovered Package: facade/ignition
Discovered Package: fideloper/proxy
Discovered Package: fruitcake/laravel-cors
Discovered Package: laravel/tinker
Discovered Package: nesbot/carbon
Discovered Package: nunomaduro/collision
Package manifest generated successfully.
69 packages you are using are looking for funding.
Use the `composer fund` command to find out more!
No security vulnerability advisories found
> @php artisan key:generate --ansi
Application key set successfully.
なにやら警告が出たが、成功した模様。
As there is no 'unzip' nor '7z' command installed zip files are being unpacked using the PHP zip extension.
This may cause invalid reports of corrupted archives. Besides, any UNIX permissions (e.g. executable) defined in the archives will be lost.
Installing 'unzip' or '7z' (21.01+) may remediate them.
これはunzipまたは7zが入ってないから、PHPのzip拡張で解凍するよ、問題があったらunzipか7zをインストールすると解決するよという警告。
Package fruitcake/laravel-cors is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
Package swiftmailer/swiftmailer is abandoned, you should avoid using it. Use symfony/mailer instead.
Package phpunit/php-token-stream is abandoned, you should avoid using it. No replacement was suggested.
これらは廃止されたパッケージだから変わりのパッケージを使うべきですという警告。
とりあえず無視。
エクスプローラで確認すると、laravelのプロジェクトが生成されている。
まぁ、このやり方がいいのかわからないけど。
確認
php artisan serve で確認する。
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose up -d
[+] Running 3/3
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Started 0.5s
✔ Container laravel-php-1 Started 1.3s
✔ Container laravel-phpmyadmin-1 Started 1.1s
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose exec php /bin/bash
root@77162592baa5:/var/www/html# ls
index.html laravel7-project
root@77162592baa5:/var/www/html# cd laravel7-project/
root@77162592baa5:/var/www/html/laravel7-project# php artisan serve
Laravel development server started: http://127.0.0.1:8000
とりあえず起動。
そういえば8000ポートを外部からアクセスできるようにしていなかったので、compose.yamlを修正
compose.yaml
services:
db:
image: mariadb:10.1
environment:
MARIADB_ROOT_PASSWORD: rootpass
MARIADB_DATABASE: testdb
MARIADB_USER: testuser
MARIADB_PASSWORD: testpass
volumes:
- db-data:/var/lib/mysql
phpmyadmin:
image: phpmyadmin:5.2
depends_on:
- db
environment:
PMA_HOST: db
PMA_USER: testuser
PMA_PASSWORD: testpass
ports:
- "8080:80"
volumes:
- phpmyadmin-data:/sessions
php:
build: .
depends_on:
- db
ports:
- "8082:80"
- "8000:8000"
volumes:
- ./src:/var/www/html
volumes:
db-data:
phpmyadmin-data:
外部から見られるように起動するには php artisan serve --host 0.0.0.0 で起動する必要があるようなので、それで起動
root@7f66108fed22:/var/www/html/laravel7-project# exit
exit
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose build
[+] Building 1.0s (12/12) FINISHED
=> [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile 0.0s
=> => transferring dockerfile: 32B 0.0s
=> [internal] load .dockerignore 0.0s
=> => transferring context: 2B 0.0s
=> [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache 0.9s
=> [1/8] FROM docker.io/library/php:7.2-apache@sha256:4dc0f0115acf8c2f0df69295ae822e49f5ad5fe849725847f15aa0e5802b55f8 0.0s
=> CACHED [2/8] RUN apt-get update 0.0s
=> CACHED [3/8] RUN apt-get install -y libonig-dev 0.0s
=> CACHED [4/8] RUN docker-php-ext-install pdo_mysql 0.0s
=> CACHED [5/8] RUN apt-get install -y zlib1g-dev 0.0s
=> CACHED [6/8] RUN docker-php-ext-install zip 0.0s
=> CACHED [7/8] RUN cd /usr/bin && curl -s http://getcomposer.org/installer | php && ln -s /usr/bin/composer.phar /usr/bin/composer 0.0s
=> CACHED [8/8] RUN cp /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini-development /usr/local/etc/php/php.ini 0.0s
=> exporting to image 0.0s
=> => exporting layers 0.0s
=> => writing image sha256:4b671e1e7644abdda5eb9af773f36a8aa2f8b2b8869e6fc2d3d54b3f960de7c5 0.0s
=> => naming to docker.io/library/laravel-php 0.0s
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose up -d
[+] Running 3/3
✔ Container laravel-db-1 Started 1.8s
✔ Container laravel-phpmyadmin-1 Running 0.0s
✔ Container laravel-php-1 Started 2.4s
PS C:\Server\docker\laravel> docker compose exec php /bin/bash
root@febe6c3dd1ea:/var/www/html# cd laravel7-project/
root@febe6c3dd1ea:/var/www/html/laravel7-project# php artisan serve --host 0.0.0.0
Laravel development server started: http://0.0.0.0:8000
[Mon May 15 10:12:23 2023] 172.20.0.1:39056 [200]: /favicon.ico
無事参照できた
これで、Laravelのお勉強ができる！
おまけ
MariaDB 10.1の場合、MARIADB_DATABASEなどの環境変数はMYSQL_DATABASEのようにMYSQL_はじまりで定義しないといけないのね・・・