はじめに
今回は前回の続きでherokuデプロイを実行し、アプリへのアクセスまで行い、herokuデプロイにおける工程のアウトプットを完了させたいと思います。
前回の[herokuデプロイ手順②]新しいアプリの作成からindexアクション表示までをまだ読まれていない方はそちらを先に確認して下さい。（下記URLから）
https://qiita.com/nkekisasa222/items/52c872957b30f4e8de1e
環境
Rails 5系
macOS catalina 10.15
Rubyのバージョンを指定する
Rails 5にはRuby 2.2.0以降が必要なので下記コマンドで確認。
ターミナル.
$ ruby -v
次に、確認したバージョンを下記のようにGemファイルに記述。
Gemfile.
ruby '確認したバージョン'
アプリをGitに保存する
まずGitがインストールされているかの確認。
ターミナル.
$ git --help
usage: git [--version] [--help] [-C <path>] [-c <name>=<value>]
[--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
[-p | --paginate | -P | --no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
[--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
<command> [<args>]
このように表示されれば問題なし。何も表示されなかったり、command not foundと表示される場合は下記URLからgitをインストールして下さい。
次に下記コマンドでRailsアプリのディレクトリを確認します。
ターミナル.
$ ls
Gemfile
Gemfile-e
Gemfile.lock
README.md
Rakefile
app
bin
config
config.ru
db
lib
log
package.json
public
storage
test
tmp
vendor
Railsアプリディレクトリで次のコマンドを実行して、コードを初期化してGitにコミットします。
ターミナル.
$ git init
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "init"
次のコマンドを実行すると、すべてが正しくコミットされたことを確認できます。
ターミナル.
$ git status
On branch master
nothing to commit, working tree clean
アプリケーションがGitにコミットされたので、Herokuにデプロイできます。
アプリをherokuにデプロイする
Railsアプリを含むディレクトリにいることを確認してから、herokuでアプリを作成します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku create
Creating app... done, secret-tor-42278
https://secret-tor-42278.herokuapp.com/ | https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
次のコマンドを実行して、リモートがプロジェクトに追加されたことを確認できます。
ターミナル.
$ git config --list | grep heroku
remote.heroku.url=https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
remote.heroku.fetch=+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/heroku/*
＃fatal: not in a git directoryと表示される場合は、恐らく正しいディレクトリにいませんので、もう一度lsコマンドで確認してみてください。
続いてコードをデプロイします。
ターミナル.
$ git push heroku master
remote: Compressing source files... done.
remote: Building source:
remote:
remote: ! Warning: Multiple default buildpacks reported the ability to handle this app. The first buildpack in the list below will be used.
remote: Detected buildpacks: Ruby,Node.js
remote: See https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/buildpacks#buildpack-detect-order
remote: -----> Ruby app detected
remote: -----> Compiling Ruby/Rails
remote: -----> Using Ruby version: ruby-2.6.0
remote: -----> Installing dependencies using bundler 1.15.2
remote: Running: bundle install --without development:test --path vendor/bundle --binstubs vendor/bundle/bin -j4 --deployment
remote: The dependency tzinfo-data (>= 0) will be unused by any of the platforms Bundler is installing for. Bundler is installing for ruby but the dependency is only for x86-mingw32, x86-mswin32, x64-mingw32, java. To add those platforms to the bundle, run `bundle lock --add-platform x86-mingw32 x86-mswin32 x64-mingw32 java`.
remote: Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.........
remote: Fetching rake 12.3.2
remote: Installing rake 12.3.2
remote: Fetching concurrent-ruby 1.1.4
remote: Fetching thread_safe 0.3.6
remote: Fetching minitest 5.11.3
remote: Installing thread_safe 0.3.6
remote: Installing minitest 5.11.3
remote: Installing concurrent-ruby 1.1.4
remote: Fetching builder 3.2.3
remote: Installing builder 3.2.3
remote: Fetching erubi 1.8.0
remote: Installing erubi 1.8.0
remote: Fetching mini_portile2 2.4.0
remote: Fetching crass 1.0.4
remote: Installing mini_portile2 2.4.0
remote: Fetching rack 2.0.6
remote: Installing crass 1.0.4
remote: Installing rack 2.0.6
remote: Fetching nio4r 2.3.1
remote: Installing nio4r 2.3.1 with native extensions
remote: Fetching websocket-extensions 0.1.3
remote: Installing websocket-extensions 0.1.3
remote: Fetching mini_mime 1.0.1
remote: Installing mini_mime 1.0.1
remote: Fetching arel 9.0.0
remote: Installing arel 9.0.0
remote: Fetching mimemagic 0.3.3
remote: Fetching msgpack 1.2.4
remote: Installing msgpack 1.2.4 with native extensions
remote: Installing mimemagic 0.3.3
remote: Using bundler 1.17.2
remote: Fetching coffee-script-source 1.12.2
remote: Installing coffee-script-source 1.12.2
remote: Fetching execjs 2.7.0
remote: Installing execjs 2.7.0
remote: Fetching method_source 0.9.2
remote: Installing method_source 0.9.2
remote: Fetching thor 0.20.3
remote: Installing thor 0.20.3
remote: Fetching ffi 1.9.25
remote: Installing ffi 1.9.25 with native extensions
remote: Fetching multi_json 1.13.1
remote: Installing multi_json 1.13.1
remote: Fetching pg 1.1.3
remote: Installing pg 1.1.3 with native extensions
remote: Fetching puma 3.12.0
remote: Installing puma 3.12.0 with native extensions
remote: Fetching rb-fsevent 0.10.3
remote: Installing rb-fsevent 0.10.3
remote: Fetching tilt 2.0.9
remote: Installing tilt 2.0.9
remote: Fetching turbolinks-source 5.2.0
remote: Installing turbolinks-source 5.2.0
remote: Fetching tzinfo 1.2.5
remote: Installing tzinfo 1.2.5
remote: Fetching nokogiri 1.9.1
remote: Installing nokogiri 1.9.1 with native extensions
remote: Fetching i18n 1.4.0
remote: Installing i18n 1.4.0
remote: Fetching websocket-driver 0.7.0
remote: Installing websocket-driver 0.7.0 with native extensions
remote: Fetching mail 2.7.1
remote: Installing mail 2.7.1
remote: Fetching rack-test 1.1.0
remote: Installing rack-test 1.1.0
remote: Fetching sprockets 3.7.2
remote: Installing sprockets 3.7.2
remote: Fetching marcel 0.3.3
remote: Installing marcel 0.3.3
remote: Fetching coffee-script 2.4.1
remote: Installing coffee-script 2.4.1
remote: Fetching uglifier 4.1.20
remote: Installing uglifier 4.1.20
remote: Fetching bootsnap 1.3.2
remote: Installing bootsnap 1.3.2 with native extensions
remote: Fetching rb-inotify 0.10.0
remote: Installing rb-inotify 0.10.0
remote: Fetching turbolinks 5.2.0
remote: Installing turbolinks 5.2.0
remote: Fetching activesupport 5.2.2
remote: Installing activesupport 5.2.2
remote: Fetching loofah 2.2.3
remote: Fetching sass-listen 4.0.0
remote: Installing loofah 2.2.3
remote: Installing sass-listen 4.0.0
remote: Fetching rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
remote: Installing rails-dom-testing 2.0.3
remote: Fetching globalid 0.4.1
remote: Installing globalid 0.4.1
remote: Fetching activemodel 5.2.2
remote: Installing activemodel 5.2.2
remote: Fetching jbuilder 2.8.0
remote: Installing jbuilder 2.8.0
remote: Fetching sass 3.7.2
remote: Installing sass 3.7.2
remote: Fetching rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.4
remote: Installing rails-html-sanitizer 1.0.4
remote: Fetching activejob 5.2.2
remote: Installing activejob 5.2.2
remote: Fetching activerecord 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionview 5.2.2
remote: Installing activerecord 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionview 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionpack 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionpack 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actioncable 5.2.2
remote: Fetching activestorage 5.2.2
remote: Fetching actionmailer 5.2.2
remote: Installing actioncable 5.2.2
remote: Installing actionmailer 5.2.2
remote: Installing activestorage 5.2.2
remote: Fetching railties 5.2.2
remote: Installing railties 5.2.2
remote: Fetching sprockets-rails 3.2.1
remote: Installing sprockets-rails 3.2.1
remote: Fetching coffee-rails 4.2.2
remote: Fetching sass-rails 5.0.7
remote: Fetching rails 5.2.2
remote: Installing rails 5.2.2
remote: Installing coffee-rails 4.2.2
remote: Installing sass-rails 5.0.7
remote: Bundle complete! 18 Gemfile dependencies, 61 gems now installed.
remote: Gems in the groups development and test were not installed.
remote: Bundled gems are installed into `./vendor/bundle`
remote: Post-install message from i18n:
remote:
remote: HEADS UP! i18n 1.1 changed fallbacks to exclude default locale.
remote: But that may break your application.
remote:
remote: Please check your Rails app for 'config.i18n.fallbacks = true'.
remote: If you're using I18n (>= 1.1.0) and Rails (< 5.2.2), this should be
remote: 'config.i18n.fallbacks = [I18n.default_locale]'.
remote: If not, fallbacks will be broken in your app by I18n 1.1.x.
remote:
remote: For more info see:
remote: https://github.com/svenfuchs/i18n/releases/tag/v1.1.0
remote:
remote: Post-install message from sass:
remote:
remote: Ruby Sass is deprecated and will be unmaintained as of 26 March 2019.
remote:
remote: * If you use Sass as a command-line tool, we recommend using Dart Sass, the new
remote: primary implementation: https://sass-lang.com/install
remote:
remote: * If you use Sass as a plug-in for a Ruby web framework, we recommend using the
remote: sassc gem: https://github.com/sass/sassc-ruby#readme
remote:
remote: * For more details, please refer to the Sass blog:
remote: http://sass.logdown.com/posts/7081811
remote:
remote: Removing bundler (1.15.2)
remote: Bundle completed (42.62s)
remote: Cleaning up the bundler cache.
remote: The dependency tzinfo-data (>= 0) will be unused by any of the platforms Bundler is installing for. Bundler is installing for ruby but the dependency is only for x86-mingw32, x86-mswin32, x64-mingw32, java. To add those platforms to the bundle, run `bundle lock --add-platform x86-mingw32 x86-mswin32 x64-mingw32 java`.
remote: -----> Installing node-v8.10.0-linux-x64
remote: -----> Detecting rake tasks
remote: -----> Preparing app for Rails asset pipeline
remote: Running: rake assets:precompile
remote: Yarn executable was not detected in the system.
remote: Download Yarn at https://yarnpkg.com/en/docs/install
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.683335 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-9622f0fe63bfad91bdeaa3a771e86262263840678fd66849b311b6cfb3f7cc85.js
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.683750 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-9622f0fe63bfad91bdeaa3a771e86262263840678fd66849b311b6cfb3f7cc85.js.gz
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.693392 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855.css
remote: I, [2019-01-03T17:16:39.693515 #1309] INFO -- : Writing /tmp/build_020cb65e00979312f798ba48446f2064/public/assets/application-e3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855.css.gz
remote: Asset precompilation completed (3.72s)
remote: Cleaning assets
remote: Running: rake assets:clean
remote: -----> Detecting rails configuration
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: You set your `config.active_storage.service` to :local in production.
remote: If you are uploading files to this app, they will not persist after the app
remote: is restarted, on one-off dynos, or if the app has multiple dynos.
remote: Heroku applications have an ephemeral file system. To
remote: persist uploaded files, please use a service such as S3 and update your Rails
remote: configuration.
remote:
remote: For more information can be found in this article:
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/active-storage-on-heroku
remote:
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: We detected that some binary dependencies required to
remote: use all the preview features of Active Storage are not
remote: present on this system.
remote:
remote: For more information please see:
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/active-storage-on-heroku
remote:
remote:
remote: ###### WARNING:
remote:
remote: No Procfile detected, using the default web server.
remote: We recommend explicitly declaring how to boot your server process via a Procfile.
remote: https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/ruby-default-web-server
remote:
remote:
remote: -----> Discovering process types
remote: Procfile declares types -> (none)
remote: Default types for buildpack -> console, rake, web
remote:
remote: -----> Compressing...
remote: Done: 41.3M
remote: -----> Launching...
remote: Released v6
remote: https://secret-tor-42278.herokuapp.com/ deployed to Heroku
remote:
remote: Verifying deploy... done.
To https://git.heroku.com/secret-tor-42278.git
* [new branch] master -> master
実行結果に警告またはエラーがないかどうかを確認することを常にお勧めします。問題なければ、データベースを移行できます。
データベースの移行
次のコマンドで手動でデータベースを移行します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku run rake db:migrate
アプリへアクセス
webプロセスタイプを実行する1つのdynoがあることを確認します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku ps:scale web=1
dynoの状態を確認します。
ターミナル.
$ heroku ps
Free dyno hours quota remaining this month: 967h 44m (96%)
Free dyno usage for this app: 0h 0m (0%)
For more information on dyno sleeping and how to upgrade, see:
https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/dyno-sleeping
=== web (Free): bin/rails server -p $PORT -e $RAILS_ENV (1)
web.1: starting 2019/01/03 11:16:50 -0600 (~ 6s ago)
このように出力されれば1つのdynoが実行されているので、ブラウザでアプリにアクセスできます。
ターミナル.
$ heroku open
前回作成したindexアクションが表示されるはずです。
herokuでは、開発中の簡素化のためにデフォルトのWeb URLが提供されます。herokuをスケールアップして本番環境で使用する準備ができたら、下記URLから独自のカスタムドメインを追加できます。
最後に
これでherokuデプロイの手順は完了です。
さらに詳しく調べたい場合は下記URLから公式のリファレンスヘアクセスして下さい！