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PythonのWebアプリをUnitTestするコードを書く

Last updated at Posted at 2015-07-25

WebTestモジュールを使うと、WSGIベースのWebアプリをテストするコードを簡単に書くことができます。

インストール方法

pipでインストールできます。

sudo pip install webtest

サンプルコード

以下はbottleフレームワークを使った、JSON-RPCサーバ実装の例です。

Webアプリ側

app.py
from bottle import Bottle, HTTPResponse

HOST='localhost'
PORT=8080
DEBUG=True

app = Bottle()

def makeRes(code, data):
	data['retcode'] = code
	r = HTTPResponse(status=200, body=json.dumps(data))
	r.set_header('Content-Type', 'application/json')
	return r

@app.post('/aikotoba')
def api_aikotoba():
	o = request.json
	if o is None:
		return makeRes('ERR_PARAM', {})
	if not 'kotoba' in o:
		return makeRes('ERR_PARAM', {})
	if o['kotoba']=='':
		return makeRes('OK', {'henji':'えっ?'}
	else:
		return makeRes('OK', {'henji':'はっ?'}

if __name__=='__main__':
	app.run(host=HOST, port=PORT, debug=DEBUG, reloader=True)

UnitTest側

test_app.py
import unittest
import api 
from webtest import TestApp

os.environ['WEBTEST_TARGET_URL'] = 'http://localhost:8080'
test_app = TestApp(api.app)

class ApiTest(unittest.TestCase):
	def test_api_aikotoba1(self):
		res = test_app.post_json('/aikotoba',{
			'kotoba':'' 
		})
		self.assertEqual(res.json['henji'], 'えっ?')
	def test_api_aikotoba2(self):
		res = test_app.post_json('/aikotoba',{
			'kotoba':'' 
		})
		self.assertEqual(res.json['henji'], 'はっ?')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main()

テスト実施

1.テストサーバを立ち上げます。

python app.py

2.UnitTestを実行します。

python app_test.py

3.結果を確認します。

こんな感じで結果が出力されます。

..
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.079s

OK

UnitTestクラスのassertなんちゃらが不一致の場合、下記のような感じで出力されます。

.F
======================================================================
FAIL: test_api_aikotoba2 (__main__.ApiTest)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_app.py", line 16, in test_api_aikotoba2
    self.assertEqual(res.json['henji'], 'はっ?')
AssertionError: 'へっ?' != 'はっ?'
- へっ?
? ^
+ はっ?
? ^


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.126s

FAILED (failures=1)

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