laravel5.3の環境になります。
デフォルトのgulpfileに以下を追加
.copy('node_modules/bootstrap-sass/assets/fonts/bootstrap/','public/fonts/bootstrap')
全体的にはこんな感じ
const elixir = require('laravel-elixir');
require('laravel-elixir-vue-2');
/*
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Elixir Asset Management
|--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
| Elixir provides a clean, fluent API for defining some basic Gulp tasks
| for your Laravel application. By default, we are compiling the Sass
| file for our application, as well as publishing vendor resources.
|
*/
elixir(mix => {
mix.sass('index.scss')
.copy('node_modules/bootstrap-sass/assets/fonts/bootstrap/','public/fonts/bootstrap')
.webpack('app.js');
});