Guidelines for the use of the C++14 language in critical and
safety-related systems Sample code compile list(103)
https://www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/adaptive/17-03/AUTOSAR_RS_CPP14Guidelines.pdf
Autosar Guidelines C++14, example code compile list will be listed.
#目的(purpose)
AutosarのC++ GuidelineをOS, 制御のプログラムで利用するにあたって、以下を検討する。
(1)hosted, freestandingのどちらを基本にすべきか。(2)C++2014,C++2017, C++202aのどれを用いると良いか。
(3)どの処理系を併用すると良いか。
-std=c++14, -std=c++17, -std=c++2aの3種類で、複数のコンパイラでコンパイルすることにより、誤(error)、警告(warning)、関数・変数連携(link)、出力(output)、にどのような影響があるかを確認する。
#成果(outcome)
複数の処理系の特徴が明確になる。
各標準段階の違いを明確にする。
hostedまたはfreestandingの特徴と課題を明確にする。
#A12-8-6.cpp
##算譜(source code)
A12-8-6.cpp
//Guidelines for the use of the C++14 language in critical and safety-related systems
const char* msg="Rule A12-8-6 (required, implementation, automated)Copy and move constructors and copy assignment and move assignment operators shall be declared protected or defined “=delete” in base class.(103)A12-8-6.cpp";
//https://www.autosar.org/fileadmin/user_upload/standards/adaptive/17-03/AUTOSAR_RS_CPP14Guidelines.pdf
// There is no description about Autosar declear hosted or freestanding.
// If the Autosar intended both depending on the cases, autosar.h can choose one.
// Compile with -DHOSTED work as hosted environment, -DFREESTANDING work as freestanding.
#include "autosar.h"/// @line add header file https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/4bde8f21ab059b96cf2a
using namespace std;/// @line add using
/// @ start AUTOSAR: From here to the "///end AUTOSAR" are from the AUTOSAR code without some code having /// comment in line.
// $Id: A12-8-6.cpp 271927 2017-03-24 12:01:35Z piotr.tanski $
#include <memory>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
class A // Abstract base class
{
public:
A() = default;
A(A const&) = default; // Non-compliant
A(A&&) = default; // Non-compliant
virtual ~A() = 0;
A& operator=(A const&) = default; // Non-compliant
A& operator=(A&&) = default; // Non-compliant
};
class B : public A
{
};
class C // Abstract base class
{
public:
C() = default;
virtual ~C() = 0;
protected:
C(C const&) = default; // Compliant
C(C&&) = default; // Compliant
C& operator=(C const&) = default; // Compliant
C& operator=(C&&) = default; // Compliant
};
class D : public C
{
};
class E // Abstract base class
{
public:
E() = default;
virtual ~E() = 0;
E(E const&) = delete; // Compliant
E(E&&) = delete; // Compliant
E& operator=(E const&) = delete; // Compliant
E& operator=(E&&) = delete; // Compliant
};
class F : public E
{
};
class G // Non-abstract base class
{
public:
G() = default;
virtual ~G() = default;
G(G const&) = default; // Non-compliant
G(G&&) = default; // Non-compliant
G& operator=(G const&) = default; // Non-compliant
G& operator=(G&&) = default; // Non-compliant
};
class H : public G
{
};
void fn1() noexcept
{
B obj1;
B obj2;
A* ptr1 = &obj1;
A* ptr2 = &obj2;
*ptr1 = *ptr2; // Partial assignment only
*ptr1 = std::move(*ptr2); // Partial move only
D obj3;
D obj4;
C* ptr3 = &obj3;
C* ptr4 = &obj4;
//*ptr3 = *ptr4; // Compilation error - copy assignment operator of class C
// is protected
//*ptr3 = std::move(*ptr4); // Compilation error - move assignment operator
// of class C is protected
F obj5;
F obj6;
E* ptr5 = &obj5;
E* ptr6 = &obj6;
//*ptr5 = *ptr6; // Compilation error - use of deleted copy assignment
// operator
//*ptr5 = std::move(*ptr6); // Compilation error - use of deleted move
// assignment operator
H obj7;
H obj8;
G* ptr7 = &obj7;
G* ptr8 = &obj8;
*ptr7 = *ptr8; // Partial assignment only
*ptr7 = std::move(*ptr8); // Partial move only
cout << "ptr3="<<ptr3<<" ptr4="<<ptr4<<" ptr5="<<ptr5<<" ptr6="<<ptr6<<endl;/// @ line for output
}
class I // Non-abstract base class
{
public:
I() = default;
~I() = default;
protected:
I(I const&) = default; // Compliant
I(I&&) = default; // Compliant
I& operator=(I const&) = default; // Compliant
I& operator=(I&&) = default; // Compliant
};
class J : public I
{
public:
J() = default;
~J() = default;
J(J const&) = default;
J(J&&) = default;
J& operator=(J const&) = default;
J& operator=(J&&) = default;
};
void fn2() noexcept
{
std::vector<I> v1;
// v1.push_back(J{}); // Compilation-error on calling a deleted move
// constructor of I class, slicing does not occur
// v1.push_back(I{}); // Compilation-error on calling a deleted move
// constructor of I class
std::vector<J> v2;
v2.push_back(J{}); // No compilation error
std::vector<std::unique_ptr<I>> v3;
v3.push_back(std::unique_ptr<I> {}); // No compilation error
v3.push_back(std::make_unique<I>()); // No compilation error
v3.push_back(std::make_unique<J>()); // No compilation error
v3.emplace_back(); // No compilation error
}
/// @ end AUTOSAR
int start() { /// @{} for start
fn1();
fn2();
cout<< msg << endl;
ShutdownOS() EXIT_SUCCESS;
/// Autosar OS 3.1.1, 2009: 7.1.2.2 Undefined Behaviour in OSEK OS
/// OS425 If ShutdownOS is called and ShutdownHook() returns then the operating system shall disable all interrupts and enter an endless loop.
}
##編纂・実行結果(compile and go)
cpa.sh
$ ../cpa.sh a12-8-6
$ clang++ a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++14 -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~()", referenced from:
B::~() in a12-8-6-77f328.o
"C::~()", referenced from:
D::~() in a12-8-6-77f328.o
"E::~()", referenced from:
F::~() in a12-8-6-77f328.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang-6.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
$ clang++ a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++17 -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~()", referenced from:
B::~() in a12-8-6-720411.o
"C::~()", referenced from:
D::~() in a12-8-6-720411.o
"E::~()", referenced from:
F::~() in a12-8-6-720411.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang-6.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
$ clang++ a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++2a -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~()", referenced from:
B::~() in a12-8-6-0f941b.o
"C::~()", referenced from:
D::~() in a12-8-6-0f941b.o
"E::~()", referenced from:
F::~() in a12-8-6-0f941b.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
clang-6.0: error: linker command failed with exit code 1 (use -v to see invocation)
$ g++-8 a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++14 -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~A()", referenced from:
B::~B() in cc5hVnJD.o
"C::~C()", referenced from:
D::~D() in cc5hVnJD.o
"E::~E()", referenced from:
F::~F() in cc5hVnJD.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
$ g++-8 a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++17 -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~A()", referenced from:
B::~B() in ccASkn3Q.o
"C::~C()", referenced from:
D::~D() in ccASkn3Q.o
"E::~E()", referenced from:
F::~F() in ccASkn3Q.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
$ g++-8 a12-8-6.cpp -I./ -std=c++2a -Wall
Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64:
"A::~A()", referenced from:
B::~B() in ccxoDYaF.o
"C::~C()", referenced from:
D::~D() in ccxoDYaF.o
"E::~E()", referenced from:
F::~F() in ccxoDYaF.o
ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
#検討事項(agenda)
###1. 自律(freestanding)環境. 接待(hosted)環境
C++N4606 1.4 Implementation compliance p.4
###2. 対応OSの水準、対応通信規約、応用機能による分類
freestanding用の関数、ライブラリ等
###3. C++2014, C++2017, C++202aの比較項目
本件なし
###4. clang++, g++の比較検討項目
本件なし
###5. リンクエラー
###6. 役立つまたは意味のある出力
#参考文献(reference)
###C++N4741 2018
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2017/n4741.pdf
C++N4741, 2018 Standard Working Draft on ISO/IEC 14882 sample code compile list
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/3294c014044550896010
###C++N4606 2016
Working Draft, Standard for Programming Language C++
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2016/n4606.pdf
C++N4606, 2016符号断片編纂一覧(example code compile list)
Working Draft 2016, ISO/IEC 14882(1)
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/df5d62c35bd6ed1c3d43/
#文書履歴
ver 0.10 初稿 20180612