用語(terms)

短縮名(short name)

Abbreviation / Acronym	Description
ACL	Access Control List
AE	Authenticated Encryption
AEAD	Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data - Encryption scheme which simultaneously provides confidentiality and authenticity of data as well as additional authenticated but not encrypted data.
AES	Advanced Encryption Standard - A block cipher for the symmetric encryption of electronic data.
API	Abstract Programming Interface
ARA	Autosar Runtime Environment for Adaptive Applications
ASN.1	Abstract Syntax Notation One, as defined in the ASN.1 standards
BER	Basic Encoding Rules
BLOB	Binary Large Object - A Binary Large OBject (BLOB) is a collection of binary data stored as a single entity.
CA	Certificate Authority or Certification Authority is an entity that issues digital certificates.
CBC	Cipher Block Chaining Mode - A mode of operation for symmetric ciphers (e.g. AES) that supports encryption.
CBC-MAC	Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Mode - A mode of operation for symmetric ciphers (e.g. AES) that supports authentication.
CCM	Counter Mode with CBC-MAC - An AEAD operation mode (encryption and authentication) for AES.
CMAC	Cipher-based Message Authentication Code - A mode of operation for symmetric ciphers (e.g. AES) that supports authentication and is similar but advanced to CBC-MAC.
CMP	X.509 Certificate Management Provider.
CO	Cryptographic Object
COUID	Cryptographic Object Unique Identifier
CRL	Certificate Revocation Lists is a list of digital certificates that have been revoked before their expiration date was reached. This list contains all the serial numbers of the revoked certificates and the revoked data.
CSR	Certificate Signing Request
CTL	Certificate Trust List is a list of digital certificates that are explicitly trusted in this environment. This list contains all the serial numbers of the explicitly trusted certificates.
DER	Distinguished Encoding Rules as defined in [2]
DH	Diffie-Hellman (key exchange method)
ECC	Elliptic Curve Cryptography - Public-key cryptography based on the structure of elliptic curves.
ECDH	Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman - An ECC based DH key exchange with perfect forward secrecy.
ECDSA	Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm - An ECC based signature scheme.
ECIES	Elliptic Curve Integrated Encryption Scheme - An ECC based encryption scheme.
ECU	Electronic Control Unit
FC	Crypto Functional cluster Cryptography. This is the AUTOSAR cluster, which provides all important functionality related to cryptograhic, key management, and certificate handling needs.
gamma	linear recurrent sequence
GCM	Galois Counter Mode - An AEAD operation mode (encryption and authentication) for AES.
GMAC	Galois MAC - A mode of operation for symmetric ciphers (e.g. AES) that supports authentication.
HSM	Hardware Security Module - Hardware security module, used to store cryptographic credentials and secure run-time environment
HMAC	Hashed Message Authentication Code
IETF	Internet Engineering Task Force
IKE	Internet Key Exchange
IPC	Inter-Process Communication
IPsec	Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts the packets of data to provide secure encrypted communication between two computers over an Internet Protocol network.
IV	Initialization Vector
KDF	Key Derivation Function - A function to derive one or more keys from a secret value.
KEK	Key encryption key - A key that is used to encrypt another key for transportation or storage in an unsecure environment
KSP	Key Storage Provider
MAC	Message Authentication Code - A cryptographic function similar to a hash function. It takes a message of variable length and a secret key as input to generate a hash value, the MAC value. The MAC value is attached to the message to be sent. The receiver of the message can recalculate the MAC value to check if the message is authentic.
MGF	Mask Generation Function - A cryptographic function similar to a hash function. It takes a variable length input and an output length l to generate an output of length l. If the input is unknown, the output appears random.
OCSP	Online Certificate Status Protocol - Internet protocol used to obtain revocation status of X.509 certificates.
PEM	Privacy-Enhanced Mail
PKI	Public Key Infrastructure - A system that issues, distributes, and checks digital certificates.
PKCS	Public Key Cryptography Standard.
RA	Registration Authority
RNG	Random Number Generator
RSA	Rivest, Shamir, Adleman - RSA is an algorithm for public-key cryptography; It is named after its inventors Ronald L. Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman.
SecOC	Secure Onboard Communication
SHA-1	Secure Hash Algorithm (version 1) - Hash functions family.
SHA-2	Secure Hash Algorithm (version 2) - Hash functions family with different hash value length.
SHA-3	Secure Hash Algorithm (version 3) - New hash function generation, faster and more secure as SHA-2.
SHE	Secure Hardware Extension
TLS	Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network.
TPM	The Trusted Platform Module is defined in [3] and is a secure cryptoprocessor.
UCM	Update and Configuration Management
UID	Unique Identifier
X.509	Standard for certificates

Terms	Description
Adaptive Application	An adaptive application is a part of application SW in the architecture of Adaptive AUTOSAR. An adaptive application runs on top of ARA and accesses AUTOSAR functional clusters through ARA.
Adaptive Platform Services	Adaptive Platform Services are located below the ARA. They provide platform standard services of Adaptive AUTOSAR.
Asymmetric Key	An asymmetric key describes a pair of two keys (public and private key). A cipher text created by one key cannot be decrypted with this key. Encryption is only possible with the other key of this pair.
Block Cipher	A symmetric encryption that encrypts plaintext blocks of fixed length.
certificate serial number	An integer value, unique within the issuing authority, which is unambiguously associated with a certificate issued by that authority.
certification path	An ordered list of one or more public-key certificates, starting with a public-key certificate signed by the trust anchor, and ending with the public key certificate to be validated. All intermediate public-key certificates, if any, are CA-certificates in which the subject of the preceding certificate is the issuer of the following certificate.
Ciphertext	A ciphertext is an encrypted text, which is the result of encryption performed on plaintext.
CryptoAPI	The set of all interfaces that are provided by FC Crypto to consumers.
Crypto Provider	A structural element that organizes cryptographic primitives.
Cryptographic primitives	Well-established, low-level cryptographic algorithms that are frequently used to build cryptographic protocols for computer security systems.
Distinguished name	is originally defined in X.501 [4] as a representation of a directory name, defined as a construct that identifies a particular object from among a set of all objects.
Functional Cluster	The SW functionality of ARA is divided into functional clusters. Functional clusters provide APIs and can communicate with each other.
Instance Specifier	Crypto provider can have more than one instance. To distinguish between instances the spcific instance is addressed with an instance specifier. An instance specifier identifies one instance of a crypto provider.
Key Material	public keys, private keys, seeds.
Key Slot	Secure storage of key material. Key slots define the access to the stored key material and grant the access only to authorized application or functional cluster.
Key Storage Provider	A structural element that organizes and manages cryptographic keys.
Nonce	A nonce is a random or semi-random number that is generated for cryptographic topics. A nonce can be used as an input to a hash algorithm so that the hash algorithm computes a hash value out of two inputs
Plaintext	A plaintext is ordinary readable text before being encrypted into ciphertext or after being decrypted.
Policy Decision Point	A PDP defines which item (process, application, function) can decide if a requested access to resources may be granted or not.
Random Number Generator	A program that generates random numbers or pseudo random numbers in a given range.
Salt	A salt is a random or semi-random number which is created for passwords. When a password is edited for a user/account also a salt is created for this user/account. A hash algorithm creates a hash value of password and salt. Salts increase the security against brute force password guessing attacks.
SecretSeed	A secret value that is used as an initial value to start encryption/decryption.
Stream Ciphe	r A symmetric encryption that calculates cipher text out of streaming plaintext and the status result of the encryption of previous streamed plaintext. For the first part of encryption a start value is needed as status result.
Symmetric Key	In a symmetric encryption the same key (symmetric key) is used to encrypt plaintext into cipher text and to decode cipher text into plain text. A symmetric key is also called secret key because it must be kept secret.
X.509 Provider	Domain SW for X.509 certificates parsing, verification, storage and search.

英日

日本語は仮訳

no.	count	word	日本語
1	4261	the	その
2	3146	crypto	暗号
3	2479	ara	AUTOSAR Runtime for Adaptive Applications(短縮名)
4	2415	of	の
5	1890	sws_crypt_	sws_crypt_
6	1152	a	一つの
7	1042	rs_crypto_	rs_crypto_
8	1027	cryp	暗号
9	1025	to	に
10	1018	key	鍵
11	980	if	もしも
12	920	id	identifier, 識別子(短縮名）
13	914	draft	下書き
14	908	is	は
15	869	c	c
16	825	no	いいえ
17	818	d	d
18	814	in	の
19	783	except	それ外
20	777	x	x
21	721	safety	安全性
22	716	value	価値
23	688	class	級
24	674	and	と
25	668	core	芯
26	666	description	説明
27	657	thread	より糸
28	655	kind	親切
29	652	scope	範囲
30	648	syntax	構文
31	648	this	これ
32	642	include	含む
33	638	file	紙ばさみ
34	636	h	h
35	636	header	見出し
36	635	symbol	像
37	630	return	戻る
38	620	error	誤り
39	584	const	constant(短縮名）
40	576	be	なれ
41	550	for	にとって
42	536	function	働き
43	512	interface	界面
44	510	by	に
45	491	provider	提供者
46	479	or	また
47	466	context	文脈
48	462	domain	領域
49	461	result	結果
50	454	shall	しなければならない
51	451	provided	提供した
52	436	not	ない
53	413	an	と
54	408	autosar	AUTomotive Open System Architecture(短縮名)
55	407	object	物体
56	402	specification	仕様
57	400	exception	例外
58	398	alg	algorithm(短縮名）
59	397	cryptography	暗号化
60	389	certificate	証明書
61	366	document	資料
62	365	r	r
63	357	size	大きさ
64	355	ap	adaptive platform(短縮名)
65	354	autosar_sws_cryptography	autosar_sws_cryptography
66	344	virtual	仮想
67	334	type	型
68	331	only	それだけ
69	325	safe	安全な
70	311	algorithm	算法
71	307	std	standard(短縮名)
72	280	parameters	引数
73	277	from	から
74	276	data	与件
75	256	that	それ
76	254	with	と
77	236	signature	署名
78	232	used	使った
79	219	usage	利用方法
80	218	can	できる
81	210	name	名前
82	209	has	持つ
83	206	uptr	unique pointer(短縮名）
84	204	region	領域
85	203	errors	誤り
86	197	method	方法
87	197	read	読む
88	196	bool	論理値
89	190	instance	実例
90	189	allowed	許可された
91	187	TRUE	真
92	186	seed	種
93	185	void	空所
94	184	io	input output(短縮名）
95	178	keys	鍵
96	178	mem	memory(短縮名）
97	168	container	容器
98	167	as	なので
99	165	are	です
100	161	other	他の

参照(reference)

3.1 Input documents & related standards and norms
[1] Glossary, AUTOSAR_TR_Glossary
https://www.autosar.org/fileadmin/standards/foundation/21-11/AUTOSAR_TR_Glossary.pdf
[2] X.690 : Information technology - ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER) https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.690
[3] ISO/IEC 11889-1:2015 Information technology - Trusted platform module library - Part 1: Architecture http://www.iso.org
[4] X.501 : Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - The Directory: Models https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.501
[5] Specification of Adaptive Platform Core, AUTOSAR_SWS_AdaptivePlatformCore
[6] Requirements on Security Management for Adaptive Platform, AUTOSAR_RS_SecurityManagement
[7] BSI: Functionality Classes and Evaluation Methodology for Deterministic Random Number Generators (AIS), https://www.bsi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/DE/BSI/Zertifizierung/Interpretationen/AIS_20_Functionality_Classes_Evaluation_Methodology_DRNG_e.pdf?__blob=publicationFile[5]
[8] Recommendation for Pair-Wise Key-Establishment Schemes Using Discrete Logarithm Cryptography https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar3.pdf
[9] Public Key Cryptography for the Financial Services Industry Key Agreement and Key Stransport Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography https://webstore.ansi.org/preview-pages/ASCX9/preview_ANSI+X9.63-2011+(R2017).pdf
[10] Recommendation for Key Derivation Using Pseudorandom Functions (Revised) https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-108.pdf
[11] Elliptic Curve Cryptography, https://www.secg.org/sec1-v2.pdf
[12] ISO IEC 9797-3:2011 Amd 1:2020(en) Information technology - Security techniques - Message Authentication Codes (MAC), http://www.iso.org
[13] HMAC: Keyed-Hashing for Message Authentication https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2104
[14] Updated Security Considerations the MD5 Message-Digest and the HMAC-MD5 Algorithms, https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6151
[15] Using Advanced Encryption Standard Counter Mode (AES-CTR) with the Internet, Key Exchange version 02 (IKEv2) Protocol https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5930.txt
[16] ChaCha20-Poly1305 Cipher Suites for Transport Layer Security (TLS) https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc7905.txt
[17] TRIVIUM Specifications http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.59.9030
[18] PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0 https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2898.txt
[19] PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.1 https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8018.txt
[20] PKCS #7: Cryptographic Message Syntax Version 1.5 https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2315.txt
[21] Financial institution encryption of wholesale financial messages: X9.23
[22] Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Key Wrap Algorithm https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3394
[23] Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Key Wrap with Padding Algorithm https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5649
[24] ISO/IEC 9796-2:2010 Information technology - Security techniques - Digital signature schemes giving message recovery - Part 2: Integer factorization based mechanisms, http://www.iso.org
[25] Use of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Algorithms in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS), https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc3278.txt
[26] Use of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) Algorithms in Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5753.txt
[27] IEEE P1363: A Standard for RSA, Diffie-Hellman, and Elliptic-Curve Cryptography (Abstract)
[28] New directions in cryptography https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1055638
[29] Guide for Internet Standards Writers https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2360
[30] X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol - OCSP https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc6960.txt
[31] X.509 https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.509/en
[32] Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5280.txt
[33] PKCS #10: Certification Request Syntax Specification Version 1.7 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2986
[34] The application/pkcs10 Media Type https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5967
[35] Internet X.509 Certificate Request Message Format https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2511
[36] Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Request Message Format (CRMF) https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4211
[37] S/MIME Version 2 Message Specification https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2311
[38] Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #8: Private-Key Information Syntax Specification Version 1.2 https://rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5208.txt
[39] PKCS #12: Personal Information Exchange Syntax v1.1 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7292
[40] X.680 : Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.680
[41] X.682 : Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Constraint specification https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.682
[42] X.683 : Information technology - Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X.683
[43] Keying and Authentication for Routing Protocols (KARP) Design Guidelines https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6518
[44] Internationalized Email Addresses in X.509 Certificates https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8398
[45] Internationalization Updates to RFC 5280 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8399
[46] Transport Layer Security (TLS) Extensions: Extension Definitions https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6066
[47] The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Multiple Certificate Status Request Extension https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6961
[48] The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3 https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8446