Comparison of Classical CAN, CAN FD, and CAN XL and CAN XL
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/773835b2bf3cddd17dd8

Comparison of CAN XL & 10BASE-T1S
Functionality on Layer 1 and Layer 2

Property	CAN XL	10BASE-T1S
Data Field	[1 ... 2048 byte] (byte granularity)	[46 ... 1500 byte] (byte granularity)
Frame Priority	11 bit (Priority Identifier)	3 bit (802.1Q Header PCP [Priority Code Point])
Bus Access	CSMA/CR (Arbitration)	PLCA (Round Robin) or CSMA/CD (Collision Detection)
Addressing	32 bit (Acceptance Field), e.g. holds Message ID	2x48 bit (Source/Destination MAC Address)
Virtual Network Support	8 bit (VCAN ID)	12 bit (VLAN ID)
Payload Content Indication	8 bit (SDU Type)	16 bit (EtherType)
CRC	PCRC: 13 bit (HD=6)	FCRC: 32 bit (HD=6, outperforms Flexray & Ethernet)
	Frame Check Sequence (FCS): 32 bit	CRC polynomial with limited performance [link]
		(HD=4 from 351 byte to 1518 byte frame length)
Line Coding on Bus	NRZ (non-return-to-zero) + Stuff Bits	4B/5B coding
	- dynamic bit stuffing (arbitration field)	DME (Differential Manchester Encoding)
	- fixed bit stuffing (data phase, 1 stuff bit after 10 bit)
Line Coding Overhead	1 out of 11 bit = 1/11 = 9 %	1 out of 5 bit = 1/5 = 20 %
Frequency (shortest Pulse) on wire	6,1 MHz (81.25 ns) @ 12.3 Mbit/s in Data Phase	12.5 MHz (40 ns) due to DME
	8,0 MHz (62.50 ns) @ 16.0 Mbit/s in Data Phase
Gross Bit Rate on wire	Arbitration phase bit rate: [0 ... 1 Mbit/s]	12.5 MHz Symbol Rate (1 symbol = DME encoded bit)
	Data phase bit rate: [2x arb. bit rate ... 20 Mbit/s]

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Comparison of CAN XL & 10BASE-T1S Functionality on Layer 1 and Layer 2
https://qiita.com/kaizen_nagoya/items/13235743ba8d7193a53b