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np.array の各行からひとつずつ列番号を指定して要素をとりだす (np.choose)

Last updated at Posted at 2017-03-23
a =  np.arange(20).reshape(4,5)

=> array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3,  4],
         [ 5,  6,  7,  8,  9],
         [10, 11, 12, 13, 14],
         [15, 16, 17, 18, 19]])
   
jcol = [1, 1, 2, 3]    

第0,1,2,3行からそれぞれ第 1 1 2 3 列の数値を取り出したいとする。つまり a[i, jcol[i]] からなる [1 6 12 18] を得たい。

Python でループをまわすことなく高速にこれをするには:

np.choose(jcol, a.T)

=> array([ 1,  6, 12, 18])

応用

想定している応用は y[i, j] が i番目のデータの答えが j である確率で、 t[i] が正解の index だとすると、交差エントロピー誤差
$$
E = - \sum_i \log y[i, t[i]]
$$

-np.sum(np.log(np.choose(t, y.T) + 1.0e-7))

と書ける。 +1.0e-7 は log が発散しないように下駄を履かせてる。

参考

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