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@jundo414(Hayato Otsuka)

OpenStack オブジェクトストレージ（Ceph/Swift）に S3 互換 API（SSL使用）でアクセスする

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概要

OpenStack のオブジェクトストレージとしてよく使用される Swift と Ceph について
SSL を使用した S3 API 通信をするための設定方法を
Miranis OpenStack 9.0（以下、MOS9.0）をベースに説明していきたいと思います。

radosgw は keystone 連携していきます。

システム構成

今回は、OpenStack 環境をSwiftストレージ用（env-swift）とCephストレージ用（env-ceph）の２パターン作成しています。

Swift API 内部構成

  1. アプリケーションが haproxy の VIP に対して API リクエストを送信
  2. haproxy の定義に従い、swift proxy へ振り分け
  3. Swift Proxy が Keystone 連携により認証を行う
  4. 認証に問題ない場合、Swfit Object Cluster へアクセス

Ceph API 内部構成

  1. アプリケーションが haproxy の VIP に対して API リクエストを送信
  2. haproxy の定義に従い、Apache へ振り分け
  3. apache の定義に従い、radosgw へフォワード
  4. radosgw が Keystone 連携により認証を行う
  5. 認証に問題ない場合、RADOS へ NATIVE 通信でアクセス

設定手順

Swift

S3 互換 API

アクセスユーザ登録

keystone に S3 API アクセスで使用する EC2 認証情報を登録します。

# openstack ec2 credentials create --project admin --user admin
+------------+----------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                            |
+------------+----------------------------------+
| access     | <アクセスキー>　　　　　　　　　　　|
| project_id | 3e56084d91a24e09af421a51db75ad49 |
| secret     | <シークレットキー>　　　　　　　　　|
| trust_id   | None                             |
| user_id    | 9a13c4bcf29243a5aaefe9deca7ebaf6 |
+------------+----------------------------------+

Apache Proxy 接続許可

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
   RequestReadTimeout header=0,MinRate=500 body=0,MinRate=500
   <Proxy *>
     Order Deny,Allow
-        Allow from 10.20.0.2
+        Allow from all
         Deny from all
   </Proxy>

root@swift-controller01:/etc# /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

SSL 対応

haproxy 設定

OS の 'haproxy' ユーザを 'ssl-cert' グループに所属させます。

# adduser haproxy ssl-cert

# id haproxy
uid=109(haproxy) gid=116(haproxy) groups=116(haproxy),110(ssl-cert)

SSL 証明書登録

次に SSL 証明書をサーバ上の '/etc/ssl/private/haproxy/' 配下に配置し、権限を設定します。

必要に応じて、以下のようにSSL 証明書、チェーン証明書、秘密鍵を１つのファイルにまとめた後、
'ファイル名を haproxy.pem'に変更し、'/etc/ssl/private/haproxy/' 配下に配置します。

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
<SSL 証明書>
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
<チェーン証明書>
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
<秘密鍵>
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

# chown -R root:haproxy /etc/ssl/private/
# chmod g+x /etc/ssl/private/

# ls -la /etc/ssl/private/
-rw-r----- 1 root haproxy 1679 Sep 13 05:08 /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.key
-rw-r----- 1 root haproxy 5168 Sep 13 05:08 /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.pem

SSL のポート番号は '443' に設定し、SSL 証明書を指定します。
今回、http 通信はそのまま使用できる状態で残し、
また、haproxy と radosgw 間の通信は、http となるように設定しています。

/etc/haproxy/conf.d/130-object-storage.cfg
@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
 listen object-storage
   bind 10.16.11.2:8080
   bind 192.168.75.3:8080
+  bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.pem no-sslv3
   http-request  set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
+  mode http
   option  httpchk HEAD /healthcheck HTTP/1.0
   option  httplog
   option  httpclose

最後に設定を適用するためにサービスを再起動します。

# crm resource restart clone_p_haproxy
# service haproxy restart

Ceph

S3 互換 API（keystone 連携）

keystone 連携

今回は、radosgw と keystone を連携させるため、
まず、ceph.conf を開き、rgw_keystone_* が設定されていることを確認します。

/etc/ceph/ceph.conf
[client.radosgw.gateway]
rgw_keystone_accepted_roles = _member_, Member, admin, swiftoperator
keyring = /etc/ceph/keyring.radosgw.gateway
rgw_frontends = fastcgi socket_port=9000 socket_host=127.0.0.1
rgw_socket_path = /tmp/radosgw.sock
rgw_keystone_revocation_interval = 1000000
rgw_keystone_url = http://<keystone haproxy vip>:35357
rgw_keystone_admin_token = <keystone 管理者トークン>
host = ceph-controller01
rgw_dns_name = *.domain.tld
rgw_print_continue = True
rgw_keystone_token_cache_size = 10
rgw_data = /var/lib/ceph/radosgw
user = www-data

rgw_s3_auth_use_keystone を有効にします。

/etc/ceph/ceph.conf
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 rbd_cache = True

 [client.radosgw.gateway]
+rgw_s3_auth_use_keystone = true
 rgw_keystone_accepted_roles = _member_, Member, admin, swiftoperator
 keyring = /etc/ceph/keyring.radosgw.gateway
 rgw_frontends = fastcgi socket_port=9000 socket_host=127.0.0.1

設定を適用するため、radosgw を一度再起動して keystone 連携は完了となります。

# /etc/init.d/radosgw restart

アクセスユーザ登録

続けて、keystone に S3 API アクセスで使用する EC2 認証情報を登録します。

# openstack ec2 credentials create --project admin --user admin
+------------+----------------------------------+
| Field      | Value                            |
+------------+----------------------------------+
| access     | <アクセスキー>　　　　　　　　　　　|
| project_id | 7a964fe86daa4148a7d4c34b42746233 |
| secret     | <シークレットキー>　　　　　　　　　|
| trust_id   | None                             |
| user_id    | 7c2b6158cfe7468b9a47a538f55c56f8 |
+------------+----------------------------------+

SSL 対応

haproxy 設定

OS の 'haproxy' ユーザを 'ssl-cert' グループに所属させます。

# adduser haproxy ssl-cert

# id haproxy
uid=109(haproxy) gid=116(haproxy) groups=116(haproxy),110(ssl-cert)

SSL 証明書登録

次に SSL 証明書をサーバ上の '/etc/ssl/private/haproxy/' 配下に配置し、権限を設定します。

# chmod 640 /etc/ssl/private/haproxy*
# chown root:ssl-cert /etc/ssl/private/haproxy*

# ls -la /etc/ssl/private/haproxy*
-rw-r----- 1 root haproxy 1679 Sep 13 02:17 /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.key
-rw-r----- 1 root haproxy 5168 Sep 13 00:58 /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.pem

SSL のポート番号は '443' に設定し、SSL 証明書を指定します。
今回、http 通信はそのまま使用できる状態で残し、
また、haproxy と radosgw 間の通信は、http となるように設定しています。

/etc/haproxy/conf.d/130-object-storage.cfg
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@

 listen object-storage
   bind 172.16.101.2:8080
   bind 192.168.76.3:8080
+  bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/ssl/private/haproxy.pem no-sslv3
   http-request  set-header X-Forwarded-Proto https if { ssl_fc }
+  mode http
   option  httplog
   option  httpchk HEAD /
   option  http-server-close

最後に設定を適用するためにサービスを再起動します。

# crm resource restart clone_p_haproxy

確認手順

今回は、Python boto を使用した S3 API 確認用スクリプトを作成し、
バケットの取得・作成・削除について、確認をしています。

  • Ceph S3 互換 API (HTTP)

    ubuntu@work:~$ ./s3test_ceph.py
=============================================================
S3 API TEST
    Host:       192.168.76.3
    Port:       8080
    Secure:     False
    Bucket:     hoge
=============================================================
* Deleting Bucket..
* Bucket was deleted.
* Bucket was created.
-------------------------------------------------------------
hoge    2016-09-13T05:43:07.000Z
=============================================================

  • Ceph S3 互換 API (HTTPS)

    ubuntu@work:~$ ./s3test_ceph2.py
=============================================================
S3 API TEST
    Host:       192.168.76.3
    Port:       443
    Secure:     True
    Bucket:     hoge
=============================================================
* Deleting Bucket..
* Bucket was deleted.
* Bucket was created.
-------------------------------------------------------------
hoge    2016-09-13T05:43:13.000Z
=============================================================

  • Swift S3 互換 API (HTTP)

    $ ./s3test_swift.py
=============================================================
S3 API TEST
    Host:       192.168.75.3
    Port:       8080
    Secure:     False
    Bucket:     hoge
=============================================================
* Deleting Bucket..
* Bucket was deleted.
* Bucket was created.
-------------------------------------------------------------
hoge    2009-02-03T16:45:09.000Z
=============================================================

  • Swift S3 互換 API (HTTPS)

    $ ./s3test_swift2.py
=============================================================
S3 API TEST
    Host:       192.168.75.3
    Port:       443
    Secure:     True
    Bucket:     hoge
=============================================================
* Deleting Bucket..
* Bucket was deleted.
* Bucket was created.
-------------------------------------------------------------
hoge    2009-02-03T16:45:09.000Z
=============================================================

【参考】確認用スクリプト

以下に確認用スクリプトを掲載しておきます。

  • Ceph S3 互換 API (HTTP)

    s3test_ceph.py
    #!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import boto
import boto.s3.connection

ACCESS_KEY = <アクセスキー>
SECRET_KEY = <シークレットキー>

HOST = '192.168.76.3'
PORT = 8080
IS_SECURE = False

#connect to rados gateway
conn = boto.connect_s3(
    aws_access_key_id = ACCESS_KEY,
    aws_secret_access_key = SECRET_KEY,
    port = PORT,
    host = HOST,
    is_secure=IS_SECURE, # uncommmnt if you are not using ssl
    calling_format = boto.s3.connection.OrdinaryCallingFormat(),
)

argv = sys.argv

if (len(argv) == 2):
    bucket_name = argv[1]
else:
    bucket_name = 'hoge'

print "============================================================="
print "S3 API TEST"
print "    Host:\t{host}".format(host = HOST,)
print "    Port:\t{port}".format(port = PORT,)
print "    Secure:\t{secure}".format(secure = IS_SECURE,)
print "    Bucket:\t{name}".format(name = bucket_name,)
print "============================================================="

#delete bucket
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    if bucket.name == bucket_name:
        try:
            print "* Deleting Bucket..".format(
                name = bucket.name,
            )
            conn.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."
        except:
            print "* Bucket Contains Keys."

            full_bucket = conn.get_bucket(n)
            print "* Deleting keys..."
            for key in full_bucket.list():
                key.delete()
            print "* Keys deleted. Deleting Bucket.."
            conn.delete_bucket(n)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."

#create bucket
conn.create_bucket(bucket_name)
print "* Bucket was created.".format(
    name = bucket_name,
)

print "-------------------------------------------------------------"

#get bucket list
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    print "{name}\t{created}".format(
        name = bucket.name,
        created = bucket.creation_date,
    )

print "============================================================="

  • Ceph S3 互換 API (HTTPS)

    s3test_ceph2.py
    #!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import boto
import boto.s3.connection

ACCESS_KEY = <アクセスキー>
SECRET_KEY = <シークレットキー>

HOST = '192.168.76.3'
PORT = 443
IS_SECURE = True

#connect to rados gateway
conn = boto.connect_s3(
    aws_access_key_id = ACCESS_KEY,
    aws_secret_access_key = SECRET_KEY,
    port = PORT,
    host = HOST,
    is_secure=IS_SECURE, # uncommmnt if you are not using ssl
    calling_format = boto.s3.connection.OrdinaryCallingFormat(),
)

argv = sys.argv

if (len(argv) == 2):
    bucket_name = argv[1]
else:
    bucket_name = 'hoge'

print "============================================================="
print "S3 API TEST"
print "    Host:\t{host}".format(host = HOST,)
print "    Port:\t{port}".format(port = PORT,)
print "    Secure:\t{secure}".format(secure = IS_SECURE,)
print "    Bucket:\t{name}".format(name = bucket_name,)
print "============================================================="

#delete bucket
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    if bucket.name == bucket_name:
        try:
            print "* Deleting Bucket..".format(
                name = bucket.name,
            )
            conn.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."
        except:
            print "* Bucket Contains Keys."

            full_bucket = conn.get_bucket(n)
            print "* Deleting keys..."
            for key in full_bucket.list():
                key.delete()
            print "* Keys deleted. Deleting Bucket.."
            conn.delete_bucket(n)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."

#create bucket
conn.create_bucket(bucket_name)
print "* Bucket was created.".format(
    name = bucket_name,
)

print "-------------------------------------------------------------"

#get bucket list
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    print "{name}\t{created}".format(
        name = bucket.name,
        created = bucket.creation_date,
    )

print "============================================================="

  • Swift S3 互換 API (HTTP)

    s3test_swift.py
    #!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import boto
import boto.s3.connection

ACCESS_KEY = <アクセスキー>
SECRET_KEY = <シークレットキー>

HOST = '192.168.75.3'
PORT = 8080
IS_SECURE = False

#connect to rados gateway
conn = boto.connect_s3(
    aws_access_key_id = ACCESS_KEY,
    aws_secret_access_key = SECRET_KEY,
    port = PORT,
    host = HOST,
    is_secure=IS_SECURE, # uncommmnt if you are not using ssl
    calling_format = boto.s3.connection.OrdinaryCallingFormat(),
)

argv = sys.argv

if (len(argv) == 2):
    bucket_name = argv[1]
else:
    bucket_name = 'hoge'

print "============================================================="
print "S3 API TEST"
print "    Host:\t{host}".format(host = HOST,)
print "    Port:\t{port}".format(port = PORT,)
print "    Secure:\t{secure}".format(secure = IS_SECURE,)
print "    Bucket:\t{name}".format(name = bucket_name,)
print "============================================================="

#delete bucket
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    if bucket.name == bucket_name:
        try:
            print "* Deleting Bucket..".format(
                name = bucket.name,
            )
            conn.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."
        except:
            print "* Bucket Contains Keys."

            full_bucket = conn.get_bucket(n)
            print "* Deleting keys..."
            for key in full_bucket.list():
                key.delete()
            print "* Keys deleted. Deleting Bucket.."
            conn.delete_bucket(n)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."

#create bucket
conn.create_bucket(bucket_name)
print "* Bucket was created.".format(
    name = bucket_name,
)

print "-------------------------------------------------------------"

#get bucket list
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    print "{name}\t{created}".format(
        name = bucket.name,
        created = bucket.creation_date,
    )

print "============================================================="

  • Swift S3 互換 API (HTTPS)

    s3test_swift2.py
    #!/usr/bin/python
import sys
import boto
import boto.s3.connection

ACCESS_KEY = <アクセスキー>
SECRET_KEY = <シークレットキー>

HOST = '192.168.75.3'
PORT = 443
IS_SECURE = True

#connect to rados gateway
conn = boto.connect_s3(
    aws_access_key_id = ACCESS_KEY,
    aws_secret_access_key = SECRET_KEY,
    port = PORT,
    host = HOST,
    is_secure=IS_SECURE, # uncommmnt if you are not using ssl
    calling_format = boto.s3.connection.OrdinaryCallingFormat(),
)

argv = sys.argv

if (len(argv) == 2):
    bucket_name = argv[1]
else:
    bucket_name = 'hoge'

print "============================================================="
print "S3 API TEST"
print "    Host:\t{host}".format(host = HOST,)
print "    Port:\t{port}".format(port = PORT,)
print "    Secure:\t{secure}".format(secure = IS_SECURE,)
print "    Bucket:\t{name}".format(name = bucket_name,)
print "============================================================="

#delete bucket
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    if bucket.name == bucket_name:
        try:
            print "* Deleting Bucket..".format(
                name = bucket.name,
            )
            conn.delete_bucket(bucket_name)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."
        except:
            print "* Bucket Contains Keys."

            full_bucket = conn.get_bucket(n)
            print "* Deleting keys..."
            for key in full_bucket.list():
                key.delete()
            print "* Keys deleted. Deleting Bucket.."
            conn.delete_bucket(n)
            print "* Bucket was deleted."

#create bucket
conn.create_bucket(bucket_name)
print "* Bucket was created.".format(
    name = bucket_name,
)

print "-------------------------------------------------------------"

#get bucket list
for bucket in conn.get_all_buckets():
    print "{name}\t{created}".format(
        name = bucket.name,
        created = bucket.creation_date,
    )

print "============================================================="
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