はじめに(環境説明)
私が Lisp を使った順番で言えば、Common Lisp ⇒ Emacs Lisp ⇒ Scheme (Racket) となります。
(今まで使ったことがありませんが Gauche Scheme も追加しました。)
$ sbcl --version
SBCL 2.2.10
$ emacs --version
GNU Emacs 28.2
$ racket --version
Welcome to Racket v8.6 [cs].
$ gosh -V
Gauche scheme shell, version 0.9.12 [utf-8,wthreads], x86_64-w64-mingw32
上記の環境を使って、「Lisp 食べ比べ」をしてみたいと思います。
どうやってやるか
-
sbcl (Common Lisp) と racket (Scheme) は元々バッチ実行ができますから、ソースを実行ファイルに食わせるだけでいいのですが、emacs (Emacs Lisp) はどうするかといいますと「バッチモード実行」を使います。
-
また、emacs では、以下の記事に載せてある xprint.el がホームディレクトリに置かれてあることを前提とします。
どんなソースになるか
以下に3つのソースを示します。
sbcl, emacs, racket の実行ファイルにパスが通っているのを前提にbashのshebangを使って実行しています。
Common Lisp [SBCL] (test01.lsp)
#! /usr/bin/env -S sbcl --script
(prin1 (+ 11 22))
(terpri)
;;; Welcome to the Emacs shell
;;;
;;; ~/racket $ cd "d:/Users/javac/Documents/.repo/env/racket/" && time "./test01.lsp"
;;; 33
;;; 0.209 secs
;;; ~/racket $
Emacs Lisp (test01.el)
#! /usr/bin/env -S emacs -batch -l
(load "~/xprint.el")
(xprint (+ 11 22))
;;; Welcome to the Emacs shell
;;;
;;; ~/racket $ cd "d:/Users/javac/Documents/.repo/env/racket/" && time "./test01.el"
;;; Loading d:/Users/javac/Documents/.repo/env/xprint.el (source)...
;;; 33
;;; 0.301 secs
;;; ~/racket $
Scheme [Racket] (test01.rkt)
#! /usr/bin/env racket
#lang racket
(println (+ 11 22))
;;; Welcome to the Emacs shell
;;;
;;; ~/racket $ cd "d:/Users/javac/Documents/.repo/env/racket/" && time "./test01.rkt"
;;; 33
;;; 0.624 secs
;;; ~/racket $
Scheme [Gauche] (test01.scm)
#! /usr/bin/env gosh
(print (+ 11 22))
;;; Welcome to the Emacs shell
;;;
;;; ~/racket $ cd "d:/Users/javac/Documents/.repo/env/racket/" && time "./test01.scm"
;;; 33
;;; 0.295 secs
;;; ~/racket $
Common Lisp、Emacs Lisp、Scheme のそれぞれの書き方で同じことをする・・・というのをアップしていきたいと思います。
※ この記事のために xprint.el をバッチ実行に対応させました。
連載の一回目だけ xprint.el を載せておきます：
xprint.el
;;;; xprint.el v1.2.2 ;;;;
;;;; Last Modified: 2023/01/07 03:39 ;;;;
(require 'cl-lib)
(require 'cl-extra)
(defun xprint (&rest args)
(let ((raw nil))
(when (eq (car args) :raw)
(setq raw t)
(setq args (cdr args))
)
(prog1 args
(let ((msg ""))
(dotimes (i (length args))
(if (zerop i) nil
(setq msg (concat msg " "))
)
(setq msg (concat msg (format (if raw "%s" "%S") (nth i args))))
)
(if noninteractive (message "%s" msg)
(let ((cb (current-buffer))
(cw (selected-window)))
(if (equal (buffer-name) "*xprint*") nil
(switch-to-buffer-other-window "*xprint*")
)
;;(emacs-lisp-mode)
;;(lisp-interaction-mode)
(unless (derived-mode-p 'lisp-interaction-mode)
(lisp-interaction-mode))
(goto-char (point-max))
(insert msg)
(insert "\n")
(let ((wins (window-list)))
(dolist (win wins)
(select-window win)
(when (equal (buffer-name) "*xprint*")
(goto-char (point-max))
(cond
((pos-visible-in-window-p (point)) nil)
((< (point) (window-start)) (recenter 0))
(t (recenter -1)))
)
)
)
(select-window cw)
(switch-to-buffer cb)
)
)
)
)
)
)
(defmacro xdump (&rest list)
(let ((exp '(xprint)))
(dolist (x list)
(if (and (not (consp x)) (not (and (symbolp x) (not (keywordp x))))) (push x exp)
(push (list 'quote x) exp)
(push := exp)
(push x exp)
)
)
(reverse exp)
)
)
(defun xclear ()
(interactive)
(let ((cb (current-buffer))
(cw (selected-window)))
(let ((wins (window-list)))
(dolist (win wins)
(select-window win)
(when (equal (buffer-name) "*xprint*")
(ignore-errors (delete-window win))
)
)
)
(ignore-errors (kill-buffer "*xprint*"))
(ignore-errors (select-window cw))
nil)
)
(defun xsleep (millisec)
(when millisec
(sit-for 0)
(sleep-for 0 millisec)
)
)
(defmacro xmessage (&rest list)
(let ((sleep nil))
(if (and (not (integerp (nth 0 list))) (not (symbolp (nth 0 list)))) nil
(setq sleep (pop list))
)
(if (not sleep)
`(message ,@list)
`(progn (message ,@list) (xsleep ,sleep))
)
)
)
(defmacro xformat (&rest list)
`(xprint :raw (format ,@list))
)
(defun xpp (x)
(xprint :raw (xpp-to-string x))
)
(defun xpp-to-string (form)
(with-temp-buffer
(cl-prettyprint form)
(let ((str (buffer-string)))
(replace-regexp-in-string "\\`[ \t\n\r]*\\|[ \t\n\r]*\\'" "" str)
)
)
)
(defun xpand-macro-scan (form callback data)
(cond
((symbolp form) (funcall callback form data))
((consp form)
(cons
(xpand-macro-scan (car form) callback data)
(xpand-macro-scan (cdr form) callback data)))
(t form)
)
)
(defun xpand-macro (form)
(let ((result (macroexpand-all form))
(hash (make-hash-table :test #'equal)))
(xprint :raw "")
(xprint :raw ";;; Expanding Macro:")
(xprint
:raw
(xpp-to-string form)
)
(xprint :raw " |")
(xprint :raw " |")
(xprint :raw " v")
(xpand-macro-scan
result
#'(lambda (sym data)
(let ((lst (gethash (symbol-name sym) data)))
(when (not (member sym lst))
(push sym lst)
(puthash (symbol-name sym) lst data)
)
)
)
hash
)
(setq result
(xpand-macro-scan
result
#'(lambda (sym data)
(let ((lst (gethash (symbol-name sym) data)))
(if (= 1 (length lst)) sym
(intern (format "%s_%d" sym (length (member sym lst))))
)
)
)
hash
)
)
(xprint
:raw
(xpp-to-string result)
)
result
)
)
(defmacro xpand (form)
`(xpand-macro (quote ,form))
)
(provide 'xprint)