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@ijknabla(nabla ijk)

typing_extensions で利用可能な型ヒントの一覧

Posted at

これは何？

typing-extensions は Python 標準ライブラリ typing のバックポートです。
たとえば、 Python==3.11 で追加された型ヒントを、 Python<3.11 でも利用したい場合、
typing-extensions をインストールしてこちらから import すれば利用できます。

この記事では以下についてまとめています。

  • どの型ヒントがバックポートされているのか
  • 特定の型ヒントが実装されたのはどのバージョンからか

typing-extensions>=4 であれば CHANGELOG.md を読めばわかります
typing-extensions<4 では、まとまった情報が無いように見えたので、抽出したものをまとめておきます。

History of typing_extensions

typing_extensions.Annotated

typing_extensions.Any

typing_extensions.AsyncContextManager

typing_extensions.AsyncGenerator

typing_extensions.AsyncIterable

typing_extensions.AsyncIterator

typing_extensions.Awaitable

typing_extensions.Callable

typing_extensions.ChainMap

typing_extensions.ClassVar

typing_extensions.Concatenate

typing_extensions.ContextManager

typing_extensions.Coroutine

typing_extensions.Counter

typing_extensions.DefaultDict

typing_extensions.Deque

typing_extensions.Final

typing_extensions.Generic

typing_extensions.GenericMeta

typing_extensions.HAVE_ANNOTATED

typing_extensions.HAVE_PROTOCOLS

typing_extensions.IntVar

typing_extensions.KT

typing_extensions.Literal

typing_extensions.LiteralString

typing_extensions.NamedTuple

typing_extensions.Never

typing_extensions.NewType

typing_extensions.NoReturn

typing_extensions.NotRequired

typing_extensions.OLD_GENERICS

typing_extensions.OrderedDict

typing_extensions.PEP_560

typing_extensions.ParamSpec

typing_extensions.ParamSpecArgs

typing_extensions.ParamSpecKwargs

typing_extensions.Protocol

typing_extensions.Required

typing_extensions.SUBS_TREE

typing_extensions.Self

typing_extensions.SupportsIndex

typing_extensions.T

typing_extensions.TYPE_CHECKING

typing_extensions.T_co

typing_extensions.T_contra

typing_extensions.Text

typing_extensions.Tuple

typing_extensions.Type

typing_extensions.TypeAlias

typing_extensions.TypeGuard

typing_extensions.TypeVar

typing_extensions.TypeVarTuple

typing_extensions.TypedDict

typing_extensions.TypingMeta

typing_extensions.Unpack

typing_extensions.VT

typing_extensions.VT_co

typing_extensions.V_co

typing_extensions.assert_never

typing_extensions.assert_type

typing_extensions.clear_overloads

typing_extensions.dataclass_transform

typing_extensions.final

typing_extensions.get_args

typing_extensions.get_origin

typing_extensions.get_overloads

typing_extensions.get_type_hints

typing_extensions.is_typeddict

typing_extensions.overload

typing_extensions.override

typing_extensions.reveal_type

typing_extensions.runtime

typing_extensions.runtime_checkable

抽出用スクリプト

  • PyPI の #history ページから バージョン番号を昇順に集める
  • バージョン番号ごとに仮想環境を作る
    • typing_extensions をインストールする
    • 仮想環境で typing_extensions をインポートして、要素の一覧を出す
  • 要素ごとに追加/削除されたバージョンをリンク付きで書きだす
from typing import NewType
from aiohttp import ClientSession
from contextlib import AsyncExitStack
from lxml import html
from collections.abc import AsyncIterator
from asyncio import run, gather, create_subprocess_exec
from functools import partial
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory
from pathlib import Path
import sys
from subprocess import PIPE
from functools import reduce
from operator import or_

URI = NewType("URI", str)
VersionString = NewType("VersionString", str)


async def main():
    package = "typing-extensions"
    _get_attributes = partial(get_attributes, package)

    items = await gather(
        *map(
            _get_attributes,
            [version async for version in get_versions(package)],
        )
    )
    versions_and_attrs = {key: value for key, value in items if value is not None}
    all_attrs = reduce(or_, versions_and_attrs.values())

    for attr in sorted(all_attrs):
        print(f"## `typing_extensions.{attr}`")
        print()
        prev_exists = False
        for version, attrs in versions_and_attrs.items():
            exists = attr in attrs
            if exists != prev_exists:
                if exists:
                    print(
                        f"- Added [{package}=={version}](https://pypi.org/project/typing-extensions/{version}/)"
                    )
                else:
                    print(
                        f"- Removed [{[package]}=={version}](https://pypi.org/project/typing-extensions/{version}/)"
                    )

            prev_exists = exists
        print()


async def get_element(uri: URI):
    async with AsyncExitStack() as stack:
        aenter = stack.enter_async_context
        session = await aenter(ClientSession())
        response = await aenter(session.get(uri))
        return html.fromstring(await response.text())


async def get_versions(package: str) -> AsyncIterator[VersionString]:
    root = await get_element(f"https://pypi.org/project/{package}/#history")
    versions = list(root.xpath('//p[@class="release__version"]/text()'))
    for version in reversed(versions):
        yield version.strip()


async def get_attributes(
    package: str, version: VersionString
) -> tuple[VersionString, list[str]]:
    async with AsyncExitStack() as stack:
        aenter = stack.enter_async_context
        enter = stack.enter_context
        directory = Path(enter(TemporaryDirectory()))

        venv_cmd = [sys.executable, "-m", "venv", f"{directory}"]
        print(*venv_cmd, sep=" ")
        venv = await create_subprocess_exec(*venv_cmd)
        assert await venv.wait() == 0

        (executable,) = directory.rglob("python")

        pip_upgrade_cmd = [f"{executable}", "-m", "pip", "install", "--upgrade", "pip"]
        print(*pip_upgrade_cmd, sep=" ")
        pip_upgrade = await create_subprocess_exec(*pip_upgrade_cmd)
        assert await pip_upgrade.wait() == 0

        package_install_cmd = [
            f"{executable}",
            "-m",
            "pip",
            "install",
            f"{package}=={version}",
        ]
        print(*package_install_cmd, sep=" ")
        package_install = await create_subprocess_exec(*package_install_cmd)
        assert await package_install.wait() == 0

        listup_cmd = [
            f"{executable}",
            "-c",
            r"""\
import typing_extensions
from types import ModuleType
for attr in dir(typing_extensions):
    obj = getattr(typing_extensions, attr)
    if attr.startswith("_") or isinstance(obj, ModuleType):
        continue
    print(attr)
""",
        ]
        listup = await create_subprocess_exec(*listup_cmd, stdout=PIPE)
        stdout, _ = await listup.communicate()
        if listup.returncode != 0:
            return version, None
        else:
            return version, set(stdout.decode("utf-8").splitlines(keepends=False))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    run(main())
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