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@hyurai_(らい ひゅ)

Ruby on Rails terminalがrollbackする時

Posted at

今回はコンソールで動かした時にrollbackされる現象についての解決法をまとめました。
今回はスクレイピングを例に用いて説明します。 後半に解説が乗っています。

scraping.rb
class Scraping < ApplicationRecord
    def self.get_infomation
        require 'mechanize'
        agent = Mechanize.new
        links = []
        current_page = agent.get("https://talent-dictionary.com/s/jobs/3/20")
        elements = current_page.at('.home_talent_list_wrapper')
        boxs = elements.search('.item')
        roks = boxs.search('.right')
        qqqs = roks.search('a')
        eees = qqqs.search('.title')
        eees.each do |eee|
            links <<  eee.inner_text
        end
        links.each do |link|
            get_personal_infomation('https://talent-dictionary.com/' + link)
        end
    end
    def self.get_personal_infomation(link)
        agent = Mechanize.new
        personal_page = agent.get(link)
        aaas = personal_page.at('.talent_name_wrapper')
        ages = aaas.at('.age').inner_text.delete('歳').to_i if aaas.at('.age')
        names = aaas.at('h1').inner_text  if aaas.at('h1')
        image_urls = personal_page.at('.main_image img').get_attribute('src') if personal_page.at('.main_image img')
        infomation = Infomation.where(name: names).first_or_initialize
        infomation.age = ages
        infomation.image_url = image_urls
        infomation.save
        byebug
    end
end

コンソールでget_infomationを実行します。
※byebugはデバックツールです。詳しくは僕の記事を見てください。

[1] pry(main)> Scraping.get_infomation
   (0.3ms)  SET NAMES utf8,  @@SESSION.sql_mode = CONCAT(CONCAT(@@sql_mode, ',STRICT_ALL_TABLES'), ',NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO'),  @@SESSION.sql_auto_is_null = 0, @@SESSION.wait_timeout = 2147483
  Infomation Load (0.2ms)  SELECT  `infomations`.* FROM `infomations` WHERE `infomations`.`name` = '広瀬すず' ORDER BY `infomations`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
   (0.1ms)  BEGIN
   (0.1ms)  ROLLBACK
Return value is: nil

[23, 32] in /home/ec2-user/environment/filebook/app/models/scraping.rb
   23:         ages = aaas.at('.age').inner_text.delete('歳').to_i if aaas.at('.age')
   24:         names = aaas.at('h1').inner_text  if aaas.at('h1')
   25:         image_urls = personal_page.at('.main_image img').get_attribute('src') if personal_page.at('.main_image img')
   26:         infomation = Infomation.where(name: names).first_or_initialize
   27:         infomation.age = ages
   28:         infomation.image_url = image_urls
   29:         infomation.save
   30:         byebug
=> 31:     end
   32: end
(byebug)

この結果を見る限りなぜrollbackがされているかわかりません。
このrollbackの理由を吐いてくれるコマンドがあります！！！

これは2段階あります。
一段街目は

aplication.rb


require_relative 'boot'

require 'rails/all'

# Require the gems listed in Gemfile, including any gems
# you've limited to :test, :development, or :production.
Bundler.require(*Rails.groups)

module Filebook
  class Application < Rails::Application
    # Initialize configuration defaults for originally generated Rails version.
    config.load_defaults 5.2
    config.logger = Logger.new(STDOUT)←この列の記述
    # Settings in config/environments/* take precedence over those specified here.
    # Application configuration can go into files in config/initializers
    # -- all .rb files in that directory are automatically loaded after loading
    # the framework and any gems in your application.
  end
end

2段階目

scraping.rb
class Scraping < ApplicationRecord
    def self.get_infomation
        require 'mechanize'
        agent = Mechanize.new
        links = []
        current_page = agent.get("https://talent-dictionary.com/s/jobs/3/20")
        elements = current_page.at('.home_talent_list_wrapper')
        boxs = elements.search('.item')
        roks = boxs.search('.right')
        qqqs = roks.search('a')
        eees = qqqs.search('.title')
        eees.each do |eee|
            links <<  eee.inner_text
        end
        links.each do |link|
            get_personal_infomation('https://talent-dictionary.com/' + link)
        end
    end
    def self.get_personal_infomation(link)
        agent = Mechanize.new
        personal_page = agent.get(link)
        aaas = personal_page.at('.talent_name_wrapper')
        ages = aaas.at('.age').inner_text.delete('歳').to_i if aaas.at('.age')
        names = aaas.at('h1').inner_text  if aaas.at('h1')
        image_urls = personal_page.at('.main_image img').get_attribute('src') if personal_page.at('.main_image img')
        infomation = Infomation.where(name: names).first_or_initialize
        infomation.age = ages
        infomation.image_url = image_urls
        infomation.save
        logger.debug infomation.errors.inspect←この記述
        byebug
    end
end

この二つの工程を挟むと

[1] pry(main)> Scraping.get_infomation
D, [2020-11-02T13:39:29.459445 #5812] DEBUG -- :    (0.3ms)  SET NAMES utf8,  @@SESSION.sql_mode = CONCAT(CONCAT(@@sql_mode, ',STRICT_ALL_TABLES'), ',NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO'),  @@SESSION.sql_auto_is_null = 0, @@SESSION.wait_timeout = 2147483
D, [2020-11-02T13:39:29.464122 #5812] DEBUG -- :   Infomation Load (0.2ms)  SELECT  `infomations`.* FROM `infomations` WHERE `infomations`.`name` = '広瀬すず' ORDER BY `infomations`.`id` ASC LIMIT 1
D, [2020-11-02T13:39:29.470351 #5812] DEBUG -- :    (0.1ms)  BEGIN
D, [2020-11-02T13:39:29.476168 #5812] DEBUG -- :    (0.1ms)  ROLLBACK
D, [2020-11-02T13:39:29.476801 #5812] DEBUG -- : #<ActiveModel::Errors:0x0000000004383ef8 @base=#<Infomation id: 14, age: 22, name: "広瀬すず", image_url: "https://images.talent-dictionary.com/uploads/image...", created_at: "2020-11-01 07:14:44", updated_at: "2020-11-01 07:14:44">, @messages={:user=>["must exist"]}, @details={:user=>[{:error=>:blank}]}>
Return value is: nil↑この上の記述

[24, 33] in /home/ec2-user/environment/filebook/app/models/scraping.rb
   24:         names = aaas.at('h1').inner_text  if aaas.at('h1')
   25:         image_urls = personal_page.at('.main_image img').get_attribute('src') if personal_page.at('.main_image img')
   26:         infomation = Infomation.where(name: names).first_or_initialize
   27:         infomation.age = ages
   28:         infomation.image_url = image_urls
   29:         infomation.save
   30:         logger.debug infomation.errors.inspect
   31:         byebug
=> 32:     end
   33: end
(byebug) 

<ActiveModel::Errors:0x0000000004383ef8 @base=#<Infomation id: 14, age: 22, name: "広瀬すず", image_url: "https://images.talent-dictionary.com/uploads/image...", created_at: "2020-11-01 07:14:44", updated_at: "2020-11-01 07:14:44">, @messages={:user=>["must exist"]}, @details={:user=>[{:error=>:blank}]}>

このようなエラーを吐き出しました。

このエラーは訳すと{:user=>["must exist"] userが必要　しかし{:user=>[{:error=>:blank}]
でもuserのカラムが空だよと訳せます.

用はアソシエーションのエラーでのようです。

後半

loggerとはコントローラー、モデル、ビューなどのからログ（どのような処理をしたかを表すもの）を吐いてくれます。
loggerの機能はActiveSupportクラスを継承したLoggerクラスによって構成されています。

・config/application.rb
・config/evironments/xxxxxxx.rb
・ActiveSupportを継承しているクラスがあるファイルで
使うことができます。

Logger.new('ファイル名')と書くことでログの保存をするファイルを指定できます。
(STDOUT)は標準設定で'log/development.log'のファイルに保存されます

ここまでが1段階です。
二段回目は処理をするファイルの中にコードを書いていきます.
logger.debug xxxxx.errors.inspect
errors.inspectと書くとエラーを検査してくれます。

是非皆さんも実践してみてください。

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