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オンラインSICP読書女子会 #25 (2.3.1)

Last updated at Posted at 2016-11-09

オンラインSICP読書女子会 #25 (2.3.1)

練習問題 2.53 - 2.55

2.3 記号データ

2.3.1 クォート

シンボル値的なもの.
atom とも言ったような?

gosh> (define a 1)
a
gosh> (define b 2)
b
gosh> (list a b)
(1 2)
gosh> (list 'a 'b)
(a b)
gosh> (list 'a b)
(a 2)

リストに適用するとリストの全部の要素が全部 quote される:

gosh> (car '(a b c))
a
gosh> (cdr '(a b c))
(b c)
gosh> '(a 1 (b 2))
(a 1 (b 2))

memq の定義でしれっと false っていう定数使ってるけれど gosh さんにはこれない… #f だし….

(define (memq item x)
	(cond
		((null? x) #f)
		((eq? item (car x)) x)
		(else (memq item (cdr x)))))

ところで memq ってなんの略? member query? =ω=;

追記: Scheme 標準だったぽい…! Function: memq obj list

memqは同一性の判定にeq?を、memvはeqv?を、 memberはequal?を使います。

なるほど??
[mem]ber by [q] (=eq?) ってことかな?=ω=;

ex-2.53. quote あれこれお試し

gosh> (list 'a 'b 'c)
(a b c)
gosh> (list (list 'george))
((george))
gosh> (cdr '((x1 x2) (y1 y2)))
((y1 y2))
gosh> (cadr '((x1 x2) (y1 y2)))
(y1 y2)
gosh> (pair? (car '(a short list)))
#f
gosh> (memq 'red '((red shoes) (blue socks)))
#f
gosh> (memq 'red '(red shoes blue socks))
(red shoes blue socks)

ex-2.54. equal?

(define (equal? a b)
	(cond
		((eq? a b) #t)
		((and (null? a) (null? b)) #t)
		((or (null? a) (null? b)) #f)
		((and (pair? a) (pair? b)) 
			(and (equal? (car a) (car b)) (equal? (cdr a) (cdr b))))
		(else #f)))
gosh> (equal? 'a 'a)
#t
gosh> (equal? 'a 'b)
#f

gosh> (equal? '() '())
#t
gosh> (equal? '(a) '())
#f
gosh> (equal? '() '(a))
#f
gosh> (equal? '(a) '(a))
#t

gosh> (equal? '(a) '(b))
#f

追記: (eq? '() '()) は真になる模様. これもシンボル値…?
cond の2行目の判定はこれにマッチするのでなくてよかった模様.

空リストって pair の一種にはならないのね…!(・ω・;

gosh> (pair? ())
#f

; おまけ (Erlang の場合).
erl> is_list([]).
true

修正版:

(define (equal? a b)
	(cond
		((eq? a b) #t)
		((or (null? a) (null? b)) #f)
		((and (pair? a) (pair? b)) 
			(and (equal? (car a) (car b)) (equal? (cdr a) (cdr b))))
		(else #f)))

(最後に (else #f) ってなるの前の条件句と混ぜちゃいたさ少しあるけれど, 可読性がとても落ちそうなのでこのままのほうがよさそう.)

ex-2.55. (car ''abracadabra)

ダブルクォートっぽいけどシングルクォート2つ>ω<

p.153 脚注 34 によると, '(a b c)(quote a b c) という特殊形式の syntax sugar になっている.
これに当てはめると,

(car ''abracadabra)
(car '(quote abracadabra))

であり, (car '(a b c))a となるのと同様に (car '(quote abracadabra))quote となる.

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