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[Ruby]Struct, OpenStructクラスのメソッド

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1年くらい前にRubyの勉強のためにStruct, OpenStructクラスの便利メソッドをまとめたもの

参考
パーフェクトRuby
https://docs.ruby-lang.org/ja/latest/class/Struct.html
https://docs.ruby-lang.org/ja/latest/class/OpenStruct.html

Struct

構造体クラス

基本的な使い方

Structのサブクラスを作って利用する。

point = Struct.new('Point', :x, :y) # => Struct::Point
item = point.new(10, 30) # => #<struct Struct::Point x=10, y=30>

p item.x # => 10

メソッド定義

Struct.newにブロックを渡し、その中にインスタンスメソッドを定義する。

Human = Struct.new('Human', :age, :gender) do
  def teen?
    (13..19).include?(age)
  end
end

Human.new(17).teen? # => true

OpenStruct

要素を動的に追加・削除できる手軽な構造体を提供するクラス

require 'ostruct'

Human = OpenStruct.new
Human.gender = 'male'

p Human.gender # => "male"

初期値にHashを使用することもできる。

require 'ostruct'

Son = OpenStruct.new({gender: :male})
p Son.gender # => :male
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