標準ライブラリのurllibか、サードパーティライブラリのRequestsを使う方法があるが、urllibの方でやってみる。
GET
get.py
import urllib.request
import json
url = 'https://petstore.swagger.io/v2/store/inventory'
try:
with urllib.request.urlopen(url) as response:
body = json.loads(response.read())
headers = response.getheaders()
status = response.getcode()
print(headers)
print(status)
print(body)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
print(e.reason)
>python get.py
[('Date', 'Fri, 10 Apr 2020 10:25:52 GMT'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, DELETE, PUT'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Heade/python.exe c:/Users/hoge/Desktop/get.pyrs', 'Content-Type, api_key, Authorization'), ('Content-Type', 'application/json'), (ccess-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, DELETE, PUT'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type, api_key, Aut'Connection', 'close'), ('Server', 'Jetty(9.2.9.v20150224)')] ', 'Jetty(9.2.9.v20150224)')]
200
{'sold': 51, 'string': 187, 'pending': 52, 'available': 671, 'Available': 1}
POST
post.py
import urllib.request
import json
url = 'https://petstore.swagger.io/v2/store/order'
req_header = {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
}
req_data = json.dumps({
'id': 0,
'petId': 0,
'quantity': 0,
'shipDate': '2020-04-10T10:11:13.419Z',
'status': 'placed',
'complete': True,
})
req = urllib.request.Request(url, data=req_data.encode(), method='POST', headers=req_header)
try:
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
body = json.loads(response.read())
headers = response.getheaders()
status = response.getcode()
print(headers)
print(status)
print(body)
except urllib.error.URLError as e:
print(e.reason)
>python post.py
[('Date', 'Fri, 10 Apr 2020 10:54:21 GMT'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Origin', '*'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Methods', 'GET, POST, DELETE, PUT'), ('Access-Control-Allow-Headers', 'Content-Type, api_key, Authorization'), ('Content-Type', 'application/json'), ('Connection', 'close'), ('Server', 'Jetty(9.2.9.v20150224)')]
200
{'id': 890544, 'petId': 0, 'quantity': 0, 'shipDate': '2020-04-10T10:11:13.419+0000', 'status': 'placed', 'complete': True}
Basic認証を通す
post.py
~省略
user = 'user'
password = 'password'
basic_auth = base64.b64encode('{}:{}'.format(user, password).encode('utf-8'))
url = 'https://petstore.swagger.io/v2/store/order'
req_header = {
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'Authorization': 'Basic ' + basic_auth.decode('utf-8'),
}
~省略
SSLエラーを回避する
post.py
~省略
import ssl
context = ssl.create_default_context()
context.check_hostname = False
context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_NONE
~省略
with urllib.request.urlopen(req, context=context) as response:
~省略
エラー時のレスポンスボディを取得する
post.py
~省略
try:
with urllib.request.urlopen(req) as response:
body = json.loads(response.read())
headers = response.getheaders()
status = response.getcode()
print(headers)
print(status)
print(body)
except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
print(e.reason)
if e.code >= 400:
error_body = json.loads(e.read())
print(error_body)