debファイルを端末から抽出する

Debianで、パッケージをインストールしてから消してしまっている場合。パッケージが削除されたか、何らかの理由でアップグレードしたくない場合に、再インストールにはパッケージを再生成する必要があります。

正攻法

dpkg-repackをインストールします。

# apt-get install dpkg-repack
$ fakeroot -u dpkg-repack PKGNAME

Perlがない環境の場合

redeb.shを使います。
cf: http://modmyi.com/forums/general/713564-how-repack-dpkgs.html

#!/bin/sh
#
# redeb.sh - Command line utility for rewrapping installed Debian-packages
# Copyright (C) 2003 Tommi Saviranta <[e-mail]>
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
# modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
# as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
# of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
#
#
# Version: redeb.sh v0.1.1 7-May-2003 [e-mail]

if [ $# -ne 1 ]; then
echo "Usage: $0 PACKAGE"
exit 0
fi

# See if such package is installed.
if [ ! -f /var/lib/dpkg/info/$1.list ]; then
echo "No such package installed."
exit 1
fi

# Create temporary directory.
mkdir "_${1}_"
cd "_${1}_"

# Get file list for this package.
for FILE in `cat "/var/lib/dpkg/info/${1}.list"`; do
test -f "$FILE" && echo "$FILE" >>filelist
done

# Copy files here.
tar -cf - `cat filelist` | tar -xf -

# Create package-info.
mkdir DEBIAN
cp /var/lib/dpkg/info/${1}.* DEBIAN
for FILE in `ls -1 DEBIAN`; do
REAL=`echo "$FILE" | cut -d '.' -f 2`
mv "DEBIAN/$FILE" "DEBIAN/$REAL"
done
test -f DEBIAN/list && rm -f DEBIAN/list

if true; then
    #Since iOS Cydia doesn't touch apt/dpkg cache stuff, dpkg status might be better here.
    dpkg --status $1|grep -v ^Status: >DEBIAN/control
else
    BEGPOS=`grep -nx "Package: $1" /var/lib/dpkg/available | cut -d ':' -f 1`
    TOTLENGTH=`wc -l /var/lib/dpkg/available | cut -d ' ' -f 1`
    tail -n `expr $TOTLENGTH - $BEGPOS + 1` /var/lib/dpkg/available >_control_
    LENGTH=`grep -nx "" _control_ | cut -d ':' -f 1 | head -n 1`
    head -n $LENGTH _control_ >DEBIAN/control
fi

# Get package info
VERSION=`grep -E "^Version:" DEBIAN/control | cut -d ' ' -f 2 | cut -d ':' -f 2`
ARCH=`grep -E "^Architecture:" DEBIAN/control | cut -d ' ' -f 2`

# Clean up.
rm -f _control_ filelist

# Create package.
cd ..
dpkg-deb -b "_${1}_" "${1}_${VERSION}_${ARCH}.deb"

# Clean up the rest.
rm -rf "_${1}_"

あとがき

動機からしてDebianではありませんが、気にしないようにしましょう。