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FreeBSDAdvent Calendar 2020Day 4
@bsd-hacker(山本 茂)

古いPC の再利用: ThinkPad T420s へ FreeBSD をインストール

Last updated at Posted at 2020-12-03

ThinkPad T420s の構成

BIOS 設定変更

ThinkPad T420s は Intel CPU 内臓 GPU (Integrated Graphics) と NVIDIA Quadro NVS (NVS 4200M) が載っています。
BIOS の設定で

  • Intel CPU 内臓 GPU だけ
    • Integrated Graphics
  • NVIDIA Quadro NVS (NVS 4200M)
    • Discrete Graphics
  • 両方使う
    • NVIDIA Optimus

という設定ができますが、FreeBSD のドライバでは両方同時に使うことはできないようです。
そのため、BIOS の

  • Config -> Display -> Graphics Devices
  • Config -> Display -> OS Detection for NVIDIA Optimus

の値をどちらか一つだけを使う設定にしておきます。

Key Value
Graphics Devices Integrated Graphics か Discrete Graphics のどちらか
OS Detection for NVIDIA Optimus Disabled

pciconf -l -v の実行結果

Integrated Graphics を設定した場合

hostb0@pci0:0:0:0:      class=0x060000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x01048086 rev=0x09 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = HOST-PCI
vgapci0@pci0:0:2:0:     class=0x030000 card=0x21d317aa chip=0x01268086 rev=0x09 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller'
    class      = display
    subclass   = VGA
none0@pci0:0:22:0:      class=0x078000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c3a8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller'
    class      = simple comms
uart2@pci0:0:22:3:      class=0x070002 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c3d8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family KT Controller'
    class      = simple comms
    subclass   = UART
em0@pci0:0:25:0:        class=0x020000 card=0x21ce17aa chip=0x15028086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '82579LM Gigabit Network Connection (Lewisville)'
    class      = network
    subclass   = ethernet
ehci0@pci0:0:26:0:      class=0x0c0320 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c2d8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB
hdac0@pci0:0:27:0:      class=0x040300 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c208086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller'
    class      = multimedia
    subclass   = HDA
pcib1@pci0:0:28:0:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c108086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib2@pci0:0:28:1:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c128086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib3@pci0:0:28:3:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c168086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib4@pci0:0:28:4:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c188086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
ehci1@pci0:0:29:0:      class=0x0c0320 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c268086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB
isab0@pci0:0:31:0:      class=0x060100 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c4f8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = 'QM67 Express Chipset LPC Controller'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-ISA
ahci0@pci0:0:31:2:      class=0x010601 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c038086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port Mobile SATA AHCI Controller'
    class      = mass storage
    subclass   = SATA
none1@pci0:0:31:3:      class=0x0c0500 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c228086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = SMBus
iwn0@pci0:3:0:0:        class=0x028000 card=0x13118086 chip=0x00898086 rev=0x5e hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = 'Centrino Advanced-N + WiMAX 6250 [Kilmer Peak]'
    class      = network
sdhci_pci0@pci0:5:0:0:  class=0x088000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0xe8231180 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Ricoh Co Ltd'
    device     = 'PCIe SDXC/MMC Host Controller'
    class      = base peripheral
xhci0@pci0:13:0:0:      class=0x0c0330 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x01941033 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'NEC Corporation'
    device     = 'uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB

Discrete Graphics を設定した場合

hostb0@pci0:0:0:0:      class=0x060000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x01048086 rev=0x09 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '2nd Generation Core Processor Family DRAM Controller'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = HOST-PCI
pcib1@pci0:0:1:0:       class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x01018086 rev=0x09 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = 'Xeon E3-1200/2nd Generation Core Processor Family PCI Express Root Port'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
none0@pci0:0:22:0:      class=0x078000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c3a8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller'
    class      = simple comms
uart2@pci0:0:22:3:      class=0x070002 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c3d8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family KT Controller'
    class      = simple comms
    subclass   = UART
em0@pci0:0:25:0:        class=0x020000 card=0x21ce17aa chip=0x15028086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '82579LM Gigabit Network Connection (Lewisville)'
    class      = network
    subclass   = ethernet
ehci0@pci0:0:26:0:      class=0x0c0320 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c2d8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB
hdac1@pci0:0:27:0:      class=0x040300 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c208086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller'
    class      = multimedia
    subclass   = HDA
pcib2@pci0:0:28:0:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c108086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib3@pci0:0:28:1:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c128086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 2'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib4@pci0:0:28:3:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c168086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
pcib5@pci0:0:28:4:      class=0x060400 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c188086 rev=0xb4 hdr=0x01
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 5'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-PCI
ehci1@pci0:0:29:0:      class=0x0c0320 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c268086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family USB Enhanced Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB
isab0@pci0:0:31:0:      class=0x060100 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c4f8086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = 'QM67 Express Chipset LPC Controller'
    class      = bridge
    subclass   = PCI-ISA
ahci0@pci0:0:31:2:      class=0x010601 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c038086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family 6 port Mobile SATA AHCI Controller'
    class      = mass storage
    subclass   = SATA
none1@pci0:0:31:3:      class=0x0c0500 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x1c228086 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = '6 Series/C200 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = SMBus
vgapci0@pci0:1:0:0:     class=0x030000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x105610de rev=0xa1 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'NVIDIA Corporation'
    device     = 'GF119M [NVS 4200M]'
    class      = display
    subclass   = VGA
hdac0@pci0:1:0:1:       class=0x040300 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x0e0810de rev=0xa1 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'NVIDIA Corporation'
    device     = 'GF119 HDMI Audio Controller'
    class      = multimedia
    subclass   = HDA
iwn0@pci0:3:0:0:        class=0x028000 card=0x13118086 chip=0x00898086 rev=0x5e hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Intel Corporation'
    device     = 'Centrino Advanced-N + WiMAX 6250 [Kilmer Peak]'
    class      = network
sdhci_pci0@pci0:5:0:0:  class=0x088000 card=0x21d217aa chip=0xe8231180 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'Ricoh Co Ltd'
    device     = 'PCIe SDXC/MMC Host Controller'
    class      = base peripheral
xhci0@pci0:13:0:0:      class=0x0c0330 card=0x21d217aa chip=0x01941033 rev=0x04 hdr=0x00
    vendor     = 'NEC Corporation'
    device     = 'uPD720200 USB 3.0 Host Controller'
    class      = serial bus
    subclass   = USB

FreeBSD をインストール

FreeBSD のインストールについては ThinkPad T420s 特有のものはありません。

USB Disk から起動してインストールできますので、memstick.img を使ってインストールするのが楽だと思います。

X のインストール

利用するグラフィックチップに合わせて X のドライバーを選びます。
それ以外は通常の X のインストールと変わりません。

Intel CPU 内臓 GPU を使う場合

対応しているドライバーは xf86-video-intel になります。

pkg install -y xf86-video-intel

NVIDIA Quadro NVS (NVS 4200M) を使う場合

対応しているドライバーは nvidia-driver-340 になります。

pkg install -y nvidia-driver-340

インストール後にドライバーの kernel module をロードしておきます。

kldload nvidia

再起動してもドライバーがロードされるように /boot/loader.conf.local に設定を追加しておきます。

echo 'nvidia_load="YES"' >> /boot/loader.conf.local

そのままだとうまくカードを認識できないため、/usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/thinkpad-t420s.conf を作成して BusID を明示的に指定しておきます。

cat > /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/thinkpad-t420s.conf <<EOM
Section "Device"
        Identifier "Card0"
        Driver     "nvidia"
        BusID      "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection
EOM

xorg のインストール

xorg をインストールして X Windows System をインストールします。

pkg install -y xorg

startx で確認

startx を実行して動作を確認します。
xterm が起動したら xwininfo で画面サイズが 1600x900 で認識できているかを確認します。

まとめ

ThinkPad T420s に FreeBSD をインストールする場合、BIOS 設定と graphic driver の選択に注意するだけでした。

ちょっと古い PC に FreeBSD をインストールする参考にしてみてください。

参照

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