Ansible 逆引き

環境・前提条件

対象	バージョン
Host OS	Windows10
Client OS	Centos-7.8
Ansible (ansible_local)	Version 2.9.24

ファイル・ディレクトリ操作

ダウンロード get_url

- name: Download Something
  get_url:
    url: [URL_FOR_DOWNLOAD]
    dest: [PATH_OF_DEST]

# Example
- name: Download Oracle preinstall rpm package
  get_url:
    url: https://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL7/latest/x86_64/getPackage/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    dest: /tmp

インストール yum

- name: Install Something
  yum:
    name: [PATH_OF_INSTALL_PACKAGE]
    state: present

# Example
- name: Install Oracle Preinstallation
  yum:
    name: /tmp/oracle-database-preinstall-19c-1.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    state: present

ファイルコピー（ホスト to クライアント) copy

- name: Copy Something
  copy:
    src: [PATH_OF_SOURCE_ON_HOST]
    dest: [PATH_OF_DEST_ON_CLIENT]
    mode: [PERMISSION_MODE]

# Example
- name: Copy file for Oracle installation
  copy:
    src: ./installer/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
    dest: /tmp/oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
    mode: 0644

ディレクトリ作成 file (state: directory)

- name: Make directory
  file:
    path: [PATH_OF_DIRECTORY]
    state: directory
    owner: [OWNER]
    group: [GROPU]
    mode: [PERMISSION_MODE]

# Example
- name: Make ansible setup status directory
  file:
    path: "/ansible_setup_status"
    state: directory
    owner: "root"
    group: "root"
    mode: 0755

空ファイル作成 file (state: touch)

- name: Create empty file
  file: 
    path: [PATH_OF_FILE]
    state: touch

# Example
- name: Put file to indicate completed configure Oracle DB
  file: 
    path: "/ansible_setup_status/configured_oracle_db"
    state: touch

ファイル存在確認

- name: Check the file if exist
  stat:
    path: [PATH_OF_FILE]
  register: [REGISTER_VARIABLE]

# Example
- name: "check 'configured_oracle_db' if exist"
  stat:
    path: "/ansible_setup_status/configured_oracle_db"
  register: configured_oracle_db_exist

ファイル編集

ファイル末尾に複数行を追記 lineinfile

- name: Add lines to end of file
  ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
    path: [PATH_OF_FILE]
    state: present
    line: "{{ item }}"
  with_items:
  - 'line1'
  - 'line2'
  - 'line3'

# Example
- name: bash_profile of oracle user
  ansible.builtin.lineinfile:
    path: /home/oracle/.bash_profile
    state: present
    line: "{{ item }}"
  with_items:
  - 'export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB'
  - 'export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle'
  - 'export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1'
  - 'export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin'

ファイル内文字列置換 replace

- name: Replace line in file
  replace:
    path: [PATH_OF_FILE]
    regexp: [TARGET_CHARCTER]
    replace: [REPLACE_CHARCTER]

# Example
- name: Replace a localhost ip address
  replace:
    path: /etc/hosts
    regexp: '^127.0.0.1'
    replace: '192.168.60.50'

Shell 実行

実行 cmd

- name: Execute command
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]

# Example
- name: Configure Oracle DB
  shell:
    cmd: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure

環境変数を宣言しつつ実行 environment

- name: Execute command with environment variable
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]
  environment:
    [ENV1]: [VALUE1]
    [ENV2]: [VALUE2]
    [ENV3]: [VALUE3]

# Example
- name: Configure Oracle DB
  shell:
    cmd: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
  environment:
    ORACLE_BASE: /opt/oracle
    ORACLE_HOME: /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
    ORACLE_SID: ORCLCDB

ユーザを指定して実行 become

- name: Execute with specified user
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]
  become: yes
  become_user: [USER]

# Example
- name: Install Golden Gate
  shell:
    cmd: /home/oracle/work/gg_inst/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/Disk1/runInstaller -silent -nowait -responseFile /home/oracle/work/gg_inst/fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome/Disk1/response/oggcore.rsp
  become: yes
  become_user: oracle

失敗を無視する実行 ignore_errors

- name: Execute command and ignore errors
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]
  ignore_errors: yes

# Example
- name: Configure Oracle DB
  shell:
    cmd: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
  ignore_errors: yes

条件に基づき実行 when

- name: Execute depends on condition
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]
  when: [CONDITION]

# Example(ファイルの存在を確認してから実行)
- name: "check 'configured_oracle_db' if exist"
  stat:
    path: "/ansible_setup_status/configured_oracle_db"
  register: configured_oracle_db_exist

- name: Configure Oracle DB
  shell:
    cmd: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
  when: not configured_oracle_db_exist.stat.exists

warning を出さない warn: false

- name: Not show warning
  shell:
    cmd: [COMMAND]
  args:
    warn: false

# Example
- name: Unzip Oracle Golden Gate installation file
  shell:
    cmd: unzip -u /home/oracle/work/gg_inst/191004_fbo_ggs_Linux_x64_shiphome.zip -d /home/oracle/work/gg_inst/
  args:
    warn: false

タスク調整・デバッグ

特定の時間待つ pause

例) 5秒待つ場合

- name: pause
  pause:
    seconds: 5

register に登録された内容を確認 debug

- name: pause
  pause:
    seconds: 5
  register: result
- name: show result
  debug:
    var: result