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【C++】Erase-removeイディオム

Last updated at Posted at 2020-04-30

vectorの要素を削除したいとき。

##remove

remove.cpp
vector<int> a = {1,2,3,4};
auto p = remove(a.begin(), a.end(), 2); // {1, 3, 4, 4}

[1つ目の引数, 2つ目の引数)の範囲で、3つ目の引数と一致する要素を取り除き、有効な要素を前に寄せる。
この時、vectorのサイズは変わらず不要な要素は末尾に寄せられただけとなる。
pには1つ目の4のイテレータが入る。

##erase
そこでstd::vector::eraseを使う。

erase.cpp
vector<int> a = {1,2,3,4};
auto p = remove(a.begin(), a.end(), 2);
a.erase(p, a.end());

eraseでは[1つ目の引数,2つ目の引数)の範囲が削除される。
これで、後ろに寄せられた不要な要素が削除される。

##Erase-removeイディオム
組み合わせてこんな感じで使う。

erase-remove.cpp
vector<int> a = {1,2,3,4};
a.erase(remove(a.begin(), a.end(), 2), a.end());

##参考
https://cpprefjp.github.io/reference/algorithm/remove.html
https://cpprefjp.github.io/reference/vector/vector/erase.html
https://ja.wikibooks.org/wiki/More_C%2B%2B_Idioms/消去・削除(Erase-Remove)

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