CentOS 7.6.1810 (1902-01) Minimal でインストールされる 303 パッケージのうち、保護されていない 168 パッケージについて仮想環境上で不要なものを検討する。
パッケージではないが「CentOS 7 の不要な言語(locale)を削除する - Qiita」で余計な言語ファイルを削除することができる。
パッケージ数の確認
yum --quiet list installed | tail --lines=+2 | wc --lines
303
rpm --all --query | grep --invert-match gpg-pubkey | wc --lines でも同様。
保護パッケージの確認
protected_packages 1 のデフォルト値の yum と /etc/yum/protected.d 配下のファイルで指定されている systemd は保護される。
それに伴い保護パッケージと依存関係にあるパッケージも削除することができない。
repoquery
yum --assumeyes --quiet install yum-utils && \
repoquery --queryformat='%{name}\t%{ui_from_repo}' --all --installed \
| grep @base | cut --fields=1 > yum-utils.txt
repoquery コマンドを使用するために yum-utils パッケージをインストール。
また、除外用に依存パッケージ3件を含めた計4件の追加インストールしたパッケージのリストを抽出。
systemd
repoquery --requires --resolve --queryformat='%{na}' --recursive --installed systemd \
| sort > protected_packages_systemd.txt
直接依存パッケージが33件、回帰的依存パッケージが111件。
yum
repoquery --requires --resolve --queryformat='%{na}' --recursive --installed yum \
| sort > protected_packages_yum.txt
直接依存パッケージが13件、回帰的依存パッケージが96件。
インストール済みパッケージ
repoquery --queryformat='%{na}' --all --installed > yum_list_installed.txt
yum --quiet list installed | sed 1d | cut --fields=1 --delimiter=' ' でも同様の情報が取得可能。
削除検討対象パッケージ一覧の出力
grep --invert-match \
--file=yum-utils.txt \
--file=protected_packages_yum.txt \
--file=protected_packages_systemd.txt \
yum_list_installed.txt > packages2consider4deletion.txt
インストール済みパッケージから保護パッケージを除外した結果、168件がリストアップされた。
echo -e "|パッケージ名|容量|サマリー|\n|---|--:|---|" > packages2consider4deletion.md
cat packages2consider4deletion.txt \
| xargs repoquery --queryformat='|`%{name}`|%{size:k}|%{summary}|' --installed >> packages2consider4deletion.md
各パッケージのファイルサイズとサマリーを追記してMarkdown形式で出力。
削除検討対象パッケージ一覧 (168)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | サマリー |
|---|---|---|
GeoIP |
3821 k | Library for country/city/organization to IP address or hostname mapping |
NetworkManager |
4952 k | Network connection manager and user applications |
NetworkManager-libnm |
6680 k | Libraries for adding NetworkManager support to applications (new API). |
NetworkManager-team |
36.4 k | Team device plugin for NetworkManager |
NetworkManager-tui |
260 k | NetworkManager curses-based UI |
NetworkManager-wifi |
120 k | Wifi plugin for NetworkManager |
aic94xx-firmware |
30.0 k | Adaptec SAS 44300, 48300, 58300 Sequencer Firmware for AIC94xx driver |
alsa-firmware |
9348 k | Firmware for several ALSA-supported sound cards |
alsa-lib |
1400 k | The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library |
alsa-tools-firmware |
84.4 k | ALSA tools for uploading firmware to some soundcards |
audit |
623 k | User space tools for 2.6 kernel auditing |
authconfig |
2262 k | Command line tool for setting up authentication from network services |
bind-libs-lite |
1790 k | Libraries for working with the DNS protocol |
bind-license |
26.2 k | License of the BIND DNS suite |
biosdevname |
57.8 k | Udev helper for naming devices per BIOS names |
btrfs-progs |
4045 k | Userspace programs for btrfs |
centos-logos |
22020 k | CentOS-related icons and pictures |
chrony |
476 k | An NTP client/server |
cronie |
215 k | Cron daemon for executing programs at set times |
cronie-anacron |
40.7 k | Utility for running regular jobs |
crontabs |
3.61 k | Root crontab files used to schedule the execution of programs |
dbus-glib |
294 k | GLib bindings for D-Bus |
device-mapper-event |
41.8 k | Device-mapper event daemon |
device-mapper-event-libs |
49.4 k | Device-mapper event daemon shared library |
device-mapper-persistent-data |
1264 k | Device-mapper Persistent Data Tools |
dhclient |
475 k | Provides the ISC DHCP client daemon and dhclient-script |
dhcp-common |
240 k | Common files used by ISC dhcp client and server |
dhcp-libs |
146 k | Shared libraries used by ISC dhcp client and server |
dmidecode |
198 k | Tool to analyse BIOS DMI data |
dracut-config-rescue |
3.97 k | dracut configuration to turn on rescue image generation |
dracut-network |
145 k | dracut modules to build a dracut initramfs with network support |
e2fsprogs |
2489 k | Utilities for managing ext2, ext3, and ext4 filesystems |
e2fsprogs-libs |
355 k | Ext2/3/4 filesystem-specific shared libraries |
ebtables |
343 k | Ethernet Bridge frame table administration tool |
ethtool |
346 k | Settings tool for Ethernet NICs |
file |
65.9 k | A utility for determining file types |
fipscheck |
37.9 k | A library for integrity verification of FIPS validated modules |
fipscheck-lib |
11.2 k | Library files for fipscheck |
firewalld |
1818 k | A firewall daemon with D-Bus interface providing a dynamic firewall |
firewalld-filesystem |
0.23 k | Firewalld directory layout and rpm macros |
freetype |
805 k | A free and portable font rendering engine |
fxload |
41.6 k | A helper program to download firmware into FX and FX2 EZ-USB devices |
gettext |
4911 k | GNU libraries and utilities for producing multi-lingual messages |
gettext-libs |
1511 k | Libraries for gettext |
gobject-introspection |
834 k | Introspection system for GObject-based libraries |
groff-base |
3373 k | Parts of the groff formatting system required to display manual pages |
grub2 |
0.00 k | Bootloader with support for Linux, Multiboot and more |
grub2-common |
3824 k | grub2 common layout |
grub2-pc |
0.00 k | Bootloader with support for Linux, Multiboot, and more |
grub2-pc-modules |
2256 k | Modules used to build custom grub images |
grub2-tools |
9844 k | Support tools for GRUB. |
grub2-tools-extra |
6194 k | Support tools for GRUB. |
grub2-tools-minimal |
670 k | Support tools for GRUB. |
grubby |
124 k | Command line tool for updating bootloader configs |
hostname |
19.0 k | Utility to set/show the host name or domain name |
hwdata |
13405 k | Hardware identification and configuration data |
initscripts |
1484 k | The inittab file and the /etc/init.d scripts |
iproute |
1747 k | Advanced IP routing and network device configuration tools |
iprutils |
934 k | Utilities for the IBM Power Linux RAID adapters |
ipset |
75.6 k | Manage Linux IP sets |
ipset-libs |
175 k | Shared library providing the IP sets functionality |
iptables |
1519 k | Tools for managing Linux kernel packet filtering capabilities |
iputils |
335 k | Network monitoring tools including ping |
irqbalance |
69.6 k | IRQ balancing daemon |
ivtv-firmware |
837 k | Firmware for the Hauppauge PVR 250/350/150/500/USB2 model series |
iwl100-firmware |
455 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 100 Series Adapters |
iwl1000-firmware |
782 k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 1000 B/G/N network adaptors |
iwl105-firmware |
799 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Centrino Wireless-N 105 Series Adapters |
iwl135-firmware |
810 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Centrino Wireless-N 135 Series Adapters |
iwl2000-firmware |
805 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Centrino Wireless-N 2000 Series Adapters |
iwl2030-firmware |
816 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Centrino Wireless-N 2030 Series Adapters |
iwl3160-firmware |
10192 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 3160 Series Adapters |
iwl3945-firmware |
272 k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 3945 A/B/G network adaptors |
iwl4965-firmware |
309 k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 4965 A/G/N network adaptors |
iwl5000-firmware |
1140 k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 5000 A/G/N network adaptors |
iwl5150-firmware |
455 k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 5150 A/G/N network adaptors |
iwl6000-firmware |
569 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 6000 AGN Adapter |
iwl6000g2a-firmware |
1220 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 6005 Series Adapters |
iwl6000g2b-firmware |
1238 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 6030 Series Adapters |
iwl6050-firmware |
1037 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Wireless WiFi Link 6050 Series Adapters |
iwl7260-firmware |
6359 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 7260 Series Adapters |
iwl7265-firmware |
61599 k | Firmware for Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265 Series Adapters |
jansson |
73.2 k | C library for encoding, decoding and manipulating JSON data |
kbd |
1351 k | Tools for configuring the console (keyboard, virtual terminals, etc.) |
kbd-legacy |
492 k | Legacy data for kbd package |
kbd-misc |
2363 k | Data for kbd package |
kernel |
64661 k | The Linux kernel |
kernel-tools |
288 k | Assortment of tools for the Linux kernel |
kernel-tools-libs |
18.3 k | Libraries for the kernels-tools |
kexec-tools |
756 k | The kexec/kdump userspace component. |
less |
210 k | A text file browser similar to more, but better |
libaio |
38.3 k | Linux-native asynchronous I/O access library |
libcroco |
313 k | A CSS2 parsing library |
libdaemon |
60.6 k | Library for writing UNIX daemons |
libdrm |
363 k | Direct Rendering Manager runtime library |
libedit |
239 k | The NetBSD Editline library |
libestr |
43.3 k | String handling essentials library |
libfastjson |
55.9 k | A JSON implementation in C |
libgomp |
207 k | GCC OpenMP v3.0 shared support library |
libmnl |
50.6 k | A minimalistic Netlink library |
libndp |
73.8 k | Library for Neighbor Discovery Protocol |
libnetfilter_conntrack |
140 k | Netfilter conntrack userspace library |
libnfnetlink |
46.0 k | Netfilter netlink userspace library |
libnl3 |
845 k | Convenience library for kernel netlink sockets |
libnl3-cli |
690 k | Command line interface utils for libnl3 |
libpciaccess |
44.6 k | PCI access library |
libpipeline |
139 k | A pipeline manipulation library |
libpng |
602 k | A library of functions for manipulating PNG image format files |
libseccomp |
297 k | Enhanced seccomp library |
libselinux-utils |
169 k | SELinux libselinux utilies |
libss |
71.4 k | Command line interface parsing library |
libsysfs |
146 k | Shared library for interfacing with sysfs |
libteam |
98.5 k | Library for controlling team network device |
libunistring |
1119 k | GNU Unicode string library |
linux-firmware |
179813 k | Firmware files used by the Linux kernel |
logrotate |
105 k | Rotates, compresses, removes and mails system log files |
lsscsi |
88.4 k | List SCSI devices (or hosts) and associated information |
lvm2 |
3033 k | Userland logical volume management tools |
lvm2-libs |
3691 k | Shared libraries for lvm2 |
lzo |
161 k | Data compression library with very fast (de)compression |
make |
1133 k | A GNU tool which simplifies the build process for users |
man-db |
2089 k | Tools for searching and reading man pages |
mariadb-libs |
4507 k | The shared libraries required for MariaDB/MySQL clients |
microcode_ctl |
1769 k | Tool to transform and deploy CPU microcode update for x86. |
mozjs17 |
3950 k | JavaScript interpreter and libraries |
newt |
181 k | A library for text mode user interfaces |
numactl-libs |
49.6 k | libnuma libraries |
openssh |
1949 k | An open source implementation of SSH protocol versions 1 and 2 |
openssh-clients |
2589 k | An open source SSH client applications |
openssh-server |
971 k | An open source SSH server daemon |
openssl |
814 k | Utilities from the general purpose cryptography library with TLS implementation |
os-prober |
95.7 k | Probes disks on the system for installed operating systems |
parted |
2282 k | The GNU disk partition manipulation program |
passwd |
420 k | An utility for setting or changing passwords using PAM |
pciutils-libs |
71.0 k | Linux PCI library |
plymouth |
228 k | Graphical Boot Animation and Logger |
plymouth-core-libs |
218 k | Plymouth core libraries |
plymouth-scripts |
22.3 k | Plymouth related scripts |
polkit |
473 k | An authorization framework |
polkit-pkla-compat |
80.5 k | Rules for polkit to add compatibility with pklocalauthority |
postfix |
12467 k | Postfix Mail Transport Agent |
python-configobj |
598 k | Config file reading, writing, and validation |
python-decorator |
70.6 k | Module to simplify usage of decorators |
python-firewall |
1819 k | Python2 bindings for firewalld |
python-gobject-base |
1097 k | Python 2 bindings for GObject Introspection base package |
python-linux-procfs |
94.4 k | Linux /proc abstraction classes |
python-perf |
328 k | Python bindings for apps which will manipulate perf events |
python-pyudev |
236 k | A libudev binding |
python-schedutils |
42.1 k | Linux scheduler python bindings |
python-slip |
59.9 k | Miscellaneous convenience, extension and workaround code for Python |
python-slip-dbus |
74.6 k | Convenience functions for dbus services |
rootfiles |
0.58 k | The basic required files for the root user's directory |
rsyslog |
1958 k | Enhanced system logging and kernel message trapping daemon |
selinux-policy |
6.33 k | SELinux policy configuration |
selinux-policy-targeted |
19507 k | SELinux targeted base policy |
slang |
1838 k | The shared library for the S-Lang extension language |
snappy |
117 k | Fast compression and decompression library |
sudo |
3122 k | Allows restricted root access for specified users |
systemd-sysv |
3.89 k | SysV tools for systemd |
sysvinit-tools |
107 k | Tools used for process and utmp management. |
tcp_wrappers-libs |
131 k | Libraries for tcp_wrappers |
teamd |
272 k | Team network device control daemon |
tuned |
751 k | A dynamic adaptive system tuning daemon |
vim-minimal |
896 k | A minimal version of the VIM editor |
virt-what |
44.6 k | Detect if we are running in a virtual machine |
which |
75.2 k | Displays where a particular program in your path is located |
wpa_supplicant |
4308 k | WPA/WPA2/IEEE 802.1X Supplicant |
xfsprogs |
3985 k | Utilities for managing the XFS filesystem |
確認コマンド
利用モジュールの確認
cat /proc/modules | sort | cut -d' ' -f 1 | xargs modinfo | grep "description\|filename"
ネットワーク関連
iwl*-firmware (17)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| iwl100-firmware | 437k | Firmware for Intel® Wireless WiFi Link 100 Series Adapters |
| iwl1000-firmware | 764k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 1000 B/G/N network adaptors |
| iwl105-firmware | 781k | Firmware for Intel® Centrino Wireless-N 105 Series Adapters |
| iwl135-firmware | 792k | Firmware for Intel® Centrino Wireless-N 135 Series Adapters |
| iwl2000-firmware | 787k | Firmware for Intel® Centrino Wireless-N 2000 Series Adapters |
| iwl2030-firmware | 798k | Firmware for Intel® Centrino Wireless-N 2030 Series Adapters |
| iwl3160-firmware | 8.9M | Firmware for Intel® Dual Band Wireless-AC 3160 Series Adapters |
| iwl3945-firmware | 254k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 3945 A/B/G network adaptors |
| iwl4965-firmware | 291k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 4965 A/G/N network adaptors |
| iwl5000-firmware | 1.1M | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 5000 A/G/N network adaptors |
| iwl5150-firmware | 437k | Firmware for Intel® PRO/Wireless 5150 A/G/N network adaptors |
| iwl6000-firmware | 552k | Firmware for Intel® Wireless WiFi Link 6000 AGN Adapter |
| iwl6000g2a-firmware | 1.2M | Firmware for Intel® Wireless WiFi Link 6005 Series Adapters |
| iwl6000g2b-firmware | 1.2M | Firmware for Intel® Wireless WiFi Link 6030 Series Adapters |
| iwl6050-firmware | 1.0M | Firmware for Intel® Wireless WiFi Link 6050 Series Adapters |
| iwl7260-firmware | 6.2M | Firmware for Intel® Dual Band Wireless-AC 7260 Series Adapters |
| iwl7265-firmware | 30M | Firmware for Intel® Dual Band Wireless-AC 7265 Series Adapters |
Intel 製の無線 LAN カードのファームウェアなので利用しない場合は不要と思われる。
NIC チーミング (4)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| NetworkManager-team | 53k | Team device plugin for NetworkManager |
| libteam | 98.5k | Library for controlling team network device |
| teamd | 271k | Team network device control daemon |
| jansson | 73.2k | C library for encoding, decoding and manipulating JSON data |
NIC チーミングとは複数の NIC (Network Interface Card) を1つの NIC として使えるようにする技術。2
jansson パッケージは teamd パッケージの依存パッケージ。
NetworkManager (2)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
NetworkManager-tui |
240k | NetworkManager curses-based UI |
NetworkManager-wifi |
144k | Wifi plugin for NetworkManager |
周辺機器
サウンドカード (3)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| alsa-lib | 1.4M | The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) library |
| alsa-firmware | 9.1M | Firmware for several ALSA-supported sound cards |
| alsa-tools-firmware | 84k | ALSA tools for uploading firmware to some soundcards |
ALSA はサウンドカードのデバイスドライバ群のようなので、サウンドを利用しない場合は不要と思われる。
ビデオチューナー (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| ivtv-firmware | 837k | Firmware for the Hauppauge PVR 250/350/150/500/USB2 model series |
Hauppauge のビデオチューナーを利用しない場合は不要と思われる。
SAS RAID カード (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| aic94xx-firmware | 30k | Adaptec SAS 44300, 48300, 58300 Sequencer Firmware for AIC94xx driver |
linux-firmware (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| linux-firmware | 126M | Firmware files used by the Linux kernel |
/usr/lib/firmware に展開されているファームウェア群。いずれも利用しない場合は不要と思われる。
fxload (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| fxload | 41.6 k | A helper program to download firmware into FX and FX2 EZ-USB devices |
fxload(8): Firmware download to EZ-USB devices - Linux man page
ブート関連
centos-logos (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| centos-logos | 22020 k | CentOS-related icons and pictures |
plymouth (3)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| plymouth | 228 k | Graphical Boot Animation and Logger |
| plymouth-core-libs | 218 k | Plymouth core libraries |
| plymouth-scripts | 22.3 k | Plymouth related scripts |
plymouth パッケージを除去すると /var/log/boot.log が出力されなくなる。
ただし、 /var/log/boot.log の内容は /var/log/message に概ね含まれている。
その他
Cron (3)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
cronie |
215 k | Cron daemon for executing programs at set times |
cronie-anacron |
40.7 k | Utility for running regular jobs |
crontabs |
3.61 k | Root crontab files used to schedule the execution of programs |
systemd の timer で代替可能。
Cron に依存したパッケージを利用する場合に影響を受けるので注意。
dracut-config-rescue (1)
| パッケージ名 | 容量 | 要約 |
|---|---|---|
| dracut-config-rescue | 3.97 k | dracut configuration to turn on rescue image generation |
-
"protected_packages This is a list of packages that yum should never completely remove. They are protected via Obsoletes as well as user/plugin removals." - [main] OPTIONS - yum.conf(5) - Linux manual page ↩
-
"NICチーミングとは、コンピュータやネットワーク機器が備える複数のネットワーク・インタフェース・カード（NIC：ニック）を、1つのNICとして使えるようにする技術である。" - NICチーミング | 日経 xTECH（クロステック） ↩