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Rails+Reactで何か作る(パート1:Rails準備編)

Posted at

はじめに

rails と react で何か作ろうと思います。
やったことをメモ&共有します。

railsとreactは別プロジェクトとして作成します。

最終的に
rails app は herokuへデプロイ
react app は firebase hostingへデプロイ
の予定です。

今回は、RailsAppを作成してテスト用のAPIを作成するところまでを行います。

環境

ツール バージョン
ruby 3.0.2p107
sqlite3 3.36.0
node v17.3.0
yarn 1.22.17
rails 7.0.0
git 2.26.2

Railsの準備

Railsをnewする

APIモードでrails アプリを作成する

$ rails new quiz_rails --api

とりあえず、git で first commit しておく

$ cd quiz_rails
$ git status
On branch main

No commits yet

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
	.gitattributes
	.gitignore
	.ruby-version
	Gemfile
	Gemfile.lock
	README.md
	Rakefile
	app/
	bin/
	config.ru
	config/
	db/
	lib/
	log/
	public/
	storage/
	test/
	tmp/
	vendor/

$ git add .
$ git commit -m "rails new quiz_rails --api"

とりえあず、起動してみる

$ rails server
=> Booting Puma
=> Rails 7.0.1 application starting in development
=> Run `bin/rails server --help` for more startup options
Puma starting in single mode...
* Puma version: 5.5.2 (ruby 3.0.2-p107) ("Zawgyi")
*  Min threads: 5
*  Max threads: 5
*  Environment: development
*          PID: 9149
* Listening on http://127.0.0.1:3000
* Listening on http://[::1]:3000
Use Ctrl-C to stop

http://localhost:3000 をブラウザで表示

image.png

テストAPIを作成

モデルを作成

$ rails g model Chat content:string
      invoke  active_record
      create    db/migrate/20220115021134_create_chats.rb
      create    app/models/chat.rb
      invoke    test_unit
      create      test/models/chat_test.rb
      create      test/fixtures/chats.yml
db/migrate/20220115021134_create_chats.rb
class CreateChats < ActiveRecord::Migration[7.0]
  def change
    create_table :chats do |t|
      t.string :content

      t.timestamps
    end
  end
end

マイグレートしておく

$ rails db:migrate
== 20220115021134 CreateChats: migrating ======================================
-- create_table(:chats)
   -> 0.0028s
== 20220115021134 CreateChats: migrated (0.0029s) =============================

テスト用のデータを作る

db/seeds.rb
Chat.create(content: "Hello, world!")
Chat.create(content: "これはSeedで作ったメッセージです")
$ rails db:seed

コントローラーを作る

$ rails g controller api/v1/chats
      create  app/controllers/api/v1/chats_controller.rb
      invoke  test_unit
      create    test/controllers/api/v1/chats_controller_test.rb
app/controllers/api/v1/chats_controller.rb
class Api::V1::ChatsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_chat, only: %i[show destroy update]

  def index
    chats = Chat.all.order(:id)
    render json: chats
  end

  def show
    render json: @chat
  end

  def create
    chat = Chat.new(chats_params)
    if chat.save
      render json: chat
    else
      render json: chat.errors
    end
  end

  def update
    if @chat.update(chats_params)
      render json: @chat
    else
      render json: @chat.errors
    end
  end

  def destroy
    if @chat.destroy
      render json: @chat
    else
      render json: @chat.errors
    end
  end

  private

  def set_chat
    @chat = Chat.find(params[:id])
  end

  def chats_params
    params.require(:chat).permit(:content)
  end
end

curl コマンドで確認

$ curl http://localhost:3000/api/v1/chats
[{"id":1,"content":"Hello, world!","created_at":"2022-01-15T02:27:46.274Z","updated_at":"2022-01-15T02:27:46.274Z"},{"id":2,"content":"これはSeedで作ったメッセージです","created_at":"2022-01-15T02:27:46.279Z","updated_at":"2022-01-15T02:27:46.279Z"}]

git にコミット

$ git status
On branch main
Changes not staged for commit:
  (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
  (use "git restore <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
	modified:   config/routes.rb
	modified:   db/seeds.rb

Untracked files:
  (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
	app/controllers/api/
	app/models/chat.rb
	db/migrate/
	db/schema.rb
	test/controllers/api/
	test/fixtures/chats.yml
	test/models/chat_test.rb

no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

$ git add .
$ git commit -m "add test api"

おわりに。

久々にrails触りましたが、基本的なことは昔(3年前)くらいと変わってなさそうですね
ControllerとModelを別々に rails g しましたが、
そういえば、一発で作るとか出来たような、そっちでやればよかったかなとも思っています。
今度やってみます。

おわり。

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