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@XYZXYZXYZ(kodomo daigaku)

コマンド実行用ansible

Last updated at Posted at 2024-12-28

2025年はansibleを少し詳しいインフラエンジニアを目指す

今回使用するバージョン

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible --version
ansible [core 2.15.3]
  config file = /ansible/ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.11/site-packages/ansible
  ansible collection location = /root/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.11.5 (main, Oct 25 2023, 14:45:39) [GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-21)] (/usr/bin/python3.11)
  jinja version = 3.1.2
  libyaml = True
[root@docker163 ansible]#

モジュール一覧を確認する

先人のお知恵を拝借する

ansible-doc -l

または

ansible-doc -l -j

ということでコマンド実行をansibleでやりたいとき

ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini command.yml

[root@docker163 ansible]# cat command.yml
---
- hosts: all
  become: yes
  tasks:
    - shell: cat /etc/hosts
      register: pwd_result

    - debug:
        msg: "{{ pwd_result }}"

アドホックなansibleコマンドを使いたいとき ping版

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mq1 -m ping
mq1 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}


[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mqservers -m ping
mq1 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
mq2 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
mq3 | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python"
    },
    "changed": false,
    "ping": "pong"
}
[root@docker163 ansible]#

アドホックでコマンド実行のやりかた　自由なコマンド実行

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mq1 -a "ls -l"
mq1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
合計 1060092
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  818462024  6月 24  2023 IBM_MQ_9.1_LINUX_X86-64_TRIAL (1).tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x  7  226 12201      4096  7月  9  2018 MQServer
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        159 12月 25  2021 aikawa.txt
-rw-------. 1 root root       1881 11月 18  2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------  1 root root       1675  8月 10 21:02 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        568  2月  5  2024 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      20672  8月  4 15:53 index.html
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      20678  8月  4 15:53 index.html.1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       1974 11月 18  2021 initial-setup-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root         94 11月  2 14:42 java
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        270  2月 28  2022 mqstatuscheck.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        403 12月 25  2021 mqstatuscheck.sh.bak
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        305 12月 25  2021 mqstatuscheck2.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        274  2月 28  2022 mqstatuscheck3.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        115 11月 19  2023 test.log
-rw-r--r--  1 root root         89 11月 19  2023 test.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  266969170 12月 10  2023 wlp-webProfile8-java8-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.11.zip

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mq1 -a "cat /etc/hosts"
mq1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.2.215 DB2

ansible.cfgを編集

[root@docker163 ansible]# cat ansible.cfg
[defaults]
# display_args_to_stdout = True
#forks = 20
log_path = /var/log/ansible.log
inventory = inventory.ini

そうするとansibleコマンド実行時に、-i インベントリファイルが不要

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible mq1 -a "ls -l"
mq1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
合計 1060092
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  818462024  6月 24  2023 IBM_MQ_9.1_LINUX_X86-64_TRIAL (1).tar.gz
drwxrwxr-x  7  226 12201      4096  7月  9  2018 MQServer
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        159 12月 25  2021 aikawa.txt
-rw-------. 1 root root       1881 11月 18  2021 anaconda-ks.cfg
-rw-------  1 root root       1675  8月 10 21:02 id_rsa
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        568  2月  5  2024 id_rsa.pub
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      20672  8月  4 15:53 index.html
-rw-r--r--  1 root root      20678  8月  4 15:53 index.html.1
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root       1974 11月 18  2021 initial-setup-ks.cfg
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root         94 11月  2 14:42 java
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        270  2月 28  2022 mqstatuscheck.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        403 12月 25  2021 mqstatuscheck.sh.bak
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        305 12月 25  2021 mqstatuscheck2.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        274  2月 28  2022 mqstatuscheck3.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root        115 11月 19  2023 test.log
-rw-r--r--  1 root root         89 11月 19  2023 test.sh
-rw-r--r--  1 root root  266969170 12月 10  2023 wlp-webProfile8-java8-linux-x86_64-23.0.0.11.zip
[root@docker163 ansible]#

コマンドモジュールを指定した場合

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mqservers -m command -a "pwd"
mq2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root
mq3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root
mq1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root

commandモジュールあるなしの差がわかんない・・・・

[root@docker163 ansible]# ansible -i inventory.ini mqservers -a "pwd"
mq2 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root
mq3 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root
mq1 | CHANGED | rc=0 >>
/root
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