Cやアセンブラで終了ステータスを返す

はじめに

必要最低限の環境変数やコードを調べ、今後の土台とする。

環境

Windows 11 Pro (64bit)
Visual Studio Community 2022

MASM32 SDK

ソースなど

dev16.bat

@echo off
path %path%;D:\masm32\bin
path %path%;D:\etc\msdos\binary\i86_x64
cmd

ret.asm

comment *
ml /c ret.asm
link16 /t ret;
*
.model tiny
.code
	org	0100h
start:
	mov	ax, 4c2ah
	int	21h
end start

実行例

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>ml /c ret.asm
Microsoft (R) Macro Assembler Version 6.14.8444
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1981-1997.  All rights reserved.

 Assembling: ret.asm

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>link16 /t ret;

Microsoft (R) Segmented Executable Linker  Version 5.60.339 Dec  5 1994
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corp 1984-1993.  All rights reserved.

LINK : warning L4045: name of output file is 'ret.com'

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>msdos ret

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>echo %errorlevel%
42

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>certutil ret.com
    b8 2a 4c cd 21                                     .*L.!
CertUtil: -dump コマンドは正常に完了しました。

D:\Projects\etc\MASM32>

VC++

ソースなど

devc.bat

@echo off
path %path%;D:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.34.31933\bin\Hostx64\x86
set lib=%lib%;D:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.34.31933\lib\x86
set lib=%lib%;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.19041.0\ucrt\x86
set lib=%lib%;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.19041.0\um\x86
cmd

retc.c

/*
cl /MD retc.c
*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	return argc;
}

実行例

D:\Projects\msvc>cl /MD retc.c
Microsoft(R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 19.34.31935 for x86
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

retc.c
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 14.34.31935.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

/out:retc.exe
retc.obj

D:\Projects\msvc>retc a b c

D:\Projects\msvc>echo %errorlevel%
4

D:\Projects\msvc>

MASM (x86)

ソースなど

devasm.bat

@echo off
path %path%;D:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community\VC\Tools\MSVC\14.34.31933\bin\Hostx64\x86
set lib=%lib%;C:\Program Files (x86)\Windows Kits\10\Lib\10.0.19041.0\um\x86
cmd

reta.asm

comment *
ml /c reta.asm
link /subsystem:console reta
*
includelib kernel32
.model flat
ExitProcess proto stdcall :dword

.code
start proc c
	invoke	ExitProcess, 42
start endp
end start

実行例

D:\Projects\msvc>ml /c reta.asm
Microsoft (R) Macro Assembler Version 14.34.31935.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.

 Assembling: reta.asm

D:\Projects\msvc>link /subsystem:console reta
Microsoft (R) Incremental Linker Version 14.34.31935.0
Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation.  All rights reserved.


D:\Projects\msvc>reta

D:\Projects\msvc>echo %errorlevel%
42

D:\Projects\msvc>