OD(1) User Commands OD(1)
NAME
od - dump files in octal and other formats
SYNOPSIS
od [OPTION]... [FILE]...
od [-abcdfilosx]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b]]
od --traditional [OPTION]... [FILE] [[+]OFFSET[.][b] [+][LABEL][.][b]]
DESCRIPTION
Write an unambiguous representation, octal bytes by default, of FILE to standard output. With more than one FILE
argument, concatenate them in the listed order to form the input. With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard
input.
If first and second call formats both apply, the second format is assumed if the last operand begins with + or (if
there are 2 operands) a digit. An OFFSET operand means -j OFFSET. LABEL is the pseudo-address at first byte
printed, incremented when dump is progressing. For OFFSET and LABEL, a 0x or 0X prefix indicates hexadecimal; suf‐
fixes may be . for octal and b for multiply by 512.
Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
-A, --address-radix=RADIX
output format for file offsets; RADIX is one of [doxn], for Decimal, Octal, Hex or None
-j, --skip-bytes=BYTES
skip BYTES input bytes first
-N, --read-bytes=BYTES
limit dump to BYTES input bytes
-S BYTES, --strings[=BYTES]
output strings of at least BYTES graphic chars; 3 is implied when BYTES is not specified
-t, --format=TYPE
select output format or formats
-v, --output-duplicates
do not use * to mark line suppression
-w[BYTES], --width[=BYTES]
output BYTES bytes per output line; 32 is implied when BYTES is not specified
--traditional
accept arguments in third form above
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
Traditional format specifications may be intermixed; they accumulate:
-a same as -t a, select named characters, ignoring high-order bit
-b same as -t o1, select octal bytes
-c same as -t c, select printable characters or backslash escapes
-d same as -t u2, select unsigned decimal 2-byte units
-f same as -t fF, select floats
-i same as -t dI, select decimal ints
-l same as -t dL, select decimal longs
-o same as -t o2, select octal 2-byte units
-s same as -t d2, select decimal 2-byte units
-x same as -t x2, select hexadecimal 2-byte units
TYPE is made up of one or more of these specifications:
a named character, ignoring high-order bit
c printable character or backslash escape
d[SIZE]
signed decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
f[SIZE]
floating point, SIZE bytes per integer
o[SIZE]
octal, SIZE bytes per integer
u[SIZE]
unsigned decimal, SIZE bytes per integer
x[SIZE]
hexadecimal, SIZE bytes per integer
SIZE is a number. For TYPE in [doux], SIZE may also be C for sizeof(char), S for sizeof(short), I for sizeof(int)
or L for sizeof(long). If TYPE is f, SIZE may also be F for sizeof(float), D for sizeof(double) or L for
sizeof(long double).
Adding a z suffix to any type displays printable characters at the end of each output line.
BYTES is hex with 0x or 0X prefix, and may have a multiplier suffix:
b 512
KB 1000
K 1024
MB 1000*1000
M 1024*1024
and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.
GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> Report od translation bugs to <http://transla‐
tionproject.org/team/>
EXAMPLES
od -A x -t x1z -v
Display hexdump format output
od -A o -t oS -w16
The default output format used by od
AUTHOR
Written by Jim Meyering.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later
<http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by
law.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for od is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and od programs are properly installed
at your site, the command
info coreutils 'od invocation'
should give you access to the complete manual.
GNU coreutils 8.22 November 2020 OD(1)
