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【json入門】いやいやハマったので。。。♬

Last updated at Posted at 2020-06-22

今回、AWSのLambdaでTranscribeしたjsonファイルを扱っていて、すごく苦労したので、ちょっとjsonのコード整理しておきます。
※本題は別途まとめます
#jsonってほんと素晴らしいですね♬
解説は入れません。
結果と照合しつつ、流れを読んでいただければ、意味が分かるように思います。
※まとめにまとめて書きました

import json

s = r'{"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}'

print("******************")
print(type(s))
print("s=",s)
print(s[5:20])

print("*****'文字列'.encode('文字コード名')*************")
b = s.encode('cp932')
print(type(b))
print("b=",b)
print(b[5:20])

print("*****b'バイト列'.decode('文字コード名')*************")
c = b.decode('cp932')
print(type(c))
print("c=",c)
print(c[5:20])

print("*****json.loads(s)*************")
dict = json.loads(s)
print(type(dict))
print("dict=",dict)
print(dict["C"])

print("*****json.dumps(dict)*************")
enc = json.dumps(dict)
print(type(enc))
print("enc=",enc)
print(enc[5:20])

print("*****json.loads(enc)*************")
dict2 = json.loads(enc)
print(type(dict2))
print("dict2=",dict2)
print(dict2[""])

print("*****json.dumps(dict2)*************")
enc = json.dumps(dict2)
print(type(enc))
print("enc=",enc)
print(enc[5:20])

print("*****b.decode("utf-8")*************")
db = b.decode("utf-8")
print(type(db))
print("db=",db)
print(db[5:20])

print("*****k.encode('utf-8')*************")
k = r'{"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": "こんにちは!"}'
ke =k.encode('utf-8')
print("ke=",ke)
jke =json.loads(ke)
print(jke)
print("jke['C']=",jke['C'])
print("jke['']=",jke[''])

print("*****json.dumps(dict, default=expireEncoda)*************")
from datetime import datetime
def expireEncoda(object):
    if isinstance(object, datetime):
        return object.isoformat()
dict = {"now": datetime.now()}
enc = json.dumps(dict, default=expireEncoda)
print("dict=",dict)
print("dict['now']=",dict['now'])
print("enc=",enc)

denc =json.loads(enc)
print("denc['now']=",denc['now'])

###出力結果
上記コードの出力は以下のとおりです。

>python ex_jason.py
******************
<class 'str'>
s= {"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}
 "\u3042", "\u3
*****'文字列'.encode('文字コード名')*************
<class 'bytes'>
b= b'{"C": "\\u3042", "\\u3044": {"i": "\\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}'
b' "\\u3042", "\\u3'
*****b'バイト列'.decode('文字コード名')*************
<class 'str'>
c= {"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}
 "\u3042", "\u3
*****json.loads(s)*************
<class 'dict'>
dict= {'C': 'あ', 'い': {'i': 'う', 'j': 2}, 'B': [{'X': 1, 'Y': 10}, {'X': 2, 'Y': 20}]}
あ
*****json.dumps(dict)*************
<class 'str'>
enc= {"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}
 "\u3042", "\u3
*****json.loads(enc)*************
<class 'dict'>
dict2= {'C': 'あ', 'い': {'i': 'う', 'j': 2}, 'B': [{'X': 1, 'Y': 10}, {'X': 2, 'Y': 20}]}
{'i': 'う', 'j': 2}
*****json.dumps(dict2)*************
<class 'str'>
enc= {"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}
 "\u3042", "\u3
*****b.decode("utf-8")*************
<class 'str'>
db= {"C": "\u3042", "\u3044": {"i": "\u3046", "j": 2}, "B": [{"X": 1, "Y": 10}, {"X": 2, "Y": 20}]}
 "\u3042", "\u3
*****k.encode('utf-8')*************
ke= b'{"C": "\\u3042", "\\u3044": "\xe3\x81\x93\xe3\x82\x93\xe3\x81\xab\xe3\x81\xa1\xe3\x81\xaf\xef\xbc\x81"}'
{'C': 'あ', 'い': 'こんにちは!'}
jke['C']= あ
jke['い']= こんにちは!
*****json.dumps(dict, default=expireEncoda)*************
dict= {'now': datetime.datetime(2020, 6, 22, 21, 13, 57, 761568)}
dict['now']= 2020-06-22 21:13:57.761568
enc= {"now": "2020-06-22T21:13:57.761568"}
denc['now']= 2020-06-22T21:13:57.761568

【参考】
Pythonでjson dumpsを使いこなそう!(encoding、foramt、datetime)
Pythonで文字コードを変換する方法【初心者向け】
PythonでJSONファイル・文字列の読み込み・書き込み

###まとめ
・jsonファイルは辞書型、'見出し文字':で指定して抽出できる
・jsonファイルの見分け方;

<class 'dict'>
{'name': 'tarou', 'age': 23, 'gender': 'man'}
<class 'str'>
{"name": "tarou", "age": 23, "gender": "man"}

・json.loads(str→dictに変換)は、json.load(JSONファイルを辞書として読み込み)とは違う
・json.dumps(dict→strに変換;文字列に出来る)は、json.dump(辞書をJSONファイルとして保存)とは違う
・その他...

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