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【統計検定準1級対策②】ベルヌーイ分布の確率関数,期待値,分散,母関数の導出過程

Last updated at Posted at 2022-04-09

結論

確率関数

f(x) = 
\left\{\begin{array}{ll}
1-p & x = 0 \\
p & x = 1 \\
\end{array}\right.
=p^x(1-p)^{1-x} \ \ (x = 0,1)

期待値,分散

E[X] = p, \ \ V[X]= p(1-p)

母関数

G(s) = ps+(1-p)

期待値の導出

期待値の定義:$\displaystyle E[X]=\sum_{x}xf(x)$から,

\begin{align*}
E[X] &= \sum_{x=0}^{1}xf(x)\\
&= 0\cdot(1-p) +1\cdot p\\
&= p\end{align*}

分散の導出

分散は偏差の2乗の期待値 $\left(\displaystyle V[X]=E[(X-\mu)^2]\right)$ だから,

\begin{align*}
V[X] &= E[(X-\mu)^2]\\
&= \sum_{x=0}^{1}(x-p)^2f(x)\\
&= (0-p)^2(1-p) + (1-p)^2p\\
&= p(1-p)\\
\end{align*}

【別解】
関係式:$V[X]=E[X^2]-(E[X])^2$ から,

\begin{align*}
V[X] &= E[X^2]-(E[X])^2\\
&= \sum_{x=0}^{1}x^2f(x) - p^2\\
&= 0^2\cdot(1-p) + 1^2\cdot p - p^2\\
&= p - p^2 = p(1-p)
\end{align*}

母関数の導出

確率母関数の定義:$G(s)=E[s^X]$ から,

\begin{align*}
G(s) &= E[s^X]\\
&= \sum_{x=0}^{1}s^xf(x)\\
&= s^0(1-p) + s^1p\\
&= ps+(1-p)
\end{align*}

まとめリンク

【統計検定準1級対策】確率分布の確率関数,期待値,分散,母関数まとめ

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