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Raspberry Pi 5をNVMe SSDで起動する

Last updated at Posted at 2024-04-02

日本国内でも発売されたRaspberry Pi5をNVMe接続のSSDで利用するための備忘録

購入したもの

購入品 販売店 価格 リンク
Raspberry Pi 5 Amazon ¥16,900 https://amzn.to/4aAyBMF
NVMe SSD 256GB Amazon ¥3,582 https://amzn.to/3U3Zbss
NVMe マウント基盤 Amazon ¥2,599 https://amzn.to/4cQZYEq
microSD(32GB) Amazon ¥640 https://amzn.to/3U17KUQ

組み立て

精密プラスドライバー1本が必要。特に何も考えずに組み立てて良い。NVMe SSDもこの時に装着する。

セットアップ

SSDへのRaspberry Pi OSの書き込み

  1. microSDをPCに接続
  2. Raspbery Pi OS Imagerを公式よりダウンロード
  3. microSDにOS書き込み
    OSは64 bit Desktop版(GUIあり)を選択。書き込む時にWiFiのSSID/PW, SSHのPWを入れておくと、モニターなどを繋がなくてもSSH接続で設定ができる。
  4. Pi5を起動し、SSH接続
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

を実施。

5.PCIeポートをactivateする

sudo nano /boot/firmware/config.txt

最終行に次のコメントを加える

# Enable the PCIe External connector.
dtparam=pciex1
# This line is an alias for above (you can use either/or to enable the port).
dtparam=nvme

PCIe GEN3を指定すると、起動しなくなった。SSDとの相性問題?

sudo reboot

を実行して再起動
6. VNCで接続する(GUIを使えるようになる)
7. GUIでSD card copierを選択。SDカードの内容をNVMe SSDにコピーする
8. ShutdownしてSDカードを抜く。そのあと起動する。

SSD性能テスト

diskspd for linuxで速度測定を実施。
インストール方法はこちらを参照した。

sudo ./bin/diskspd -Sd -t2 -b4K -r4K -L -w30 /dev/nvme0n1p2

結果

Command Line: ./bin/diskspd -Sd -t2 -b4K -r4K -L -w30 /dev/nvme0n1p2

System info:
	processor count: 4

Input parameters:

	job:   1
	________
	duration: 10s
	warm up time: 5s
	measuring latency
	random seed: 0
	total threads: 2
	path: '/dev/nvme0n1p2'
		size: 255519449088B
		using O_DIRECT
		performing mix test (read/write ratio: 70/30)
		block size: 4096
		using random I/O (alignment: 4096)
		number of outstanding I/O operations: 2)
		thread stride size: 0
		threads per file: 2
		block device: nvme0n1
		device scheduler: none

Results for job 1:
test time:         10s
*****************************************************

 CPU  |  Usage  |   User  |  Kernel | IO Wait |   Idle 
-------------------------------------------------------
    0 |  29.02% |  19.08% |   9.93% |   0.00% |  70.98% 
    1 |  29.52% |  17.98% |  11.54% |   0.00% |  70.48% 
    2 |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% | 100.00% 
    3 |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% | 100.00% 
-------------------------------------------------------
 avg:	 14.64% |   9.27% |   5.37% |   0.00% |  85.36%

Total IO
thread |           bytes |         I/Os |       MB/s |  I/O per s | AvgLat(ms) | LatStdDev  | file
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     0 |      1129795584 |       275829 |     107.75 |   27582.90 |       0.073 |       0.064 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
     1 |      1129795584 |       275829 |     107.75 |   27582.90 |       0.073 |       0.064 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total:        2259591168 |       551658 |     215.49 |   55165.80 |       0.073 |       0.064 

Read IO
thread |           bytes |         I/Os |       MB/s |  I/O per s | AvgLat(ms) | LatStdDev  | file
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     0 |       791416832 |       193217 |      75.48 |   19321.70 |       0.080 |       0.067 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
     1 |       790519808 |       192998 |      75.39 |   19299.80 |       0.080 |       0.067 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total:        1581936640 |       386215 |     150.87 |   38621.50 |       0.080 |       0.067 

Write IO
thread |           bytes |         I/Os |       MB/s |  I/O per s | AvgLat(ms) | LatStdDev  | file
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     0 |       338378752 |        82612 |      32.27 |    8261.20 |       0.056 |       0.053 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
     1 |       339275776 |        82831 |      32.36 |    8283.10 |       0.055 |       0.049 | /dev/nvme0n1p2 (255519449088B)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total:         677654528 |       165443 |      64.63 |   16544.30 |       0.056 |       0.051 


  %-ile |	Read (ms) | Write (ms) | Total (ms)
----------------------------------------------
    min |      0.023 |      0.023 |      0.023
   25th |      0.065 |      0.030 |      0.041
   50th |      0.074 |      0.041 |      0.071
   75th |      0.082 |      0.073 |      0.080
   90th |      0.105 |      0.084 |      0.100
   95th |      0.132 |      0.104 |      0.121
   99th |      0.386 |      0.225 |      0.344
3-nines |      0.780 |      0.671 |      0.759
4-nines |      1.003 |      0.914 |      0.979
5-nines |      5.945 |      1.155 |      5.939
6-nines |      6.111 |      6.111 |      6.111
7-nines |      6.111 |      6.111 |      6.111
8-nines |      6.111 |      6.111 |      6.111
9-nines |      6.111 |      6.111 |      6.111
    max |      6.111 |      6.111 |      6.111

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