はじめに
諸事情により、古い環境 (CentOS6.7) で Python を動かす必要がありました。
Python2系は標準入っているけど、Pythonは 3系で書かれていたので Python3をインストールすることにしました。
色んな所でつまずいてしまったので、メモとして手順を残しておきます。
インストール手順
標準では 2系がインストールされています。
$ python -V
Python 2.6.6
こちらを参考に yum でインストールしてみようとしたところ・・・
# yum install -y https://centos6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Cannot open: https://centos6.iuscommunity.org/ius-release.rpm. Skipping.
Error: Nothing to do
IUS のリンクがなくなっているみたいでエラーに。（泣）
こちらを参考に、別のリンクから rpm を参照することに。
# yum install https://repo.ius.io/ius-release-el6.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
ius-release-el6.rpm | 8.2 kB 00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-aiX6j7/ius-release-el6.rpm: ius-release-2-1.el6.ius.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-aiX6j7/ius-release-el6.rpm to be installed
Determining fastest mirrors
YumRepo Error: All mirror URLs are not using ftp, http[s] or file.
Eg. Invalid release/repo/arch combination/
removing mirrorlist with no valid mirrors: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/6/base/mirrorlist.txt
Error: Cannot find a valid baseurl for repo: base
CentOS6のサポートが切れているせいかリポジトリが参照できなくなっている。（泣）
下記を参考にリポジトリを変更してみる。
# sed -i -e "s/^mirrorlist=http:\/\/mirrorlist.centos.org/#mirrorlist=http:\/\/mirrorlist.centos.org/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# sed -i -e "s/^#baseurl=http:\/\/mirror.centos.org/baseurl=http:\/\/vault.centos.org/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
再度インストール
# yum install https://repo.ius.io/ius-release-el6.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
ius-release-el6.rpm | 8.2 kB 00:00
Examining /var/tmp/yum-root-aiX6j7/ius-release-el6.rpm: ius-release-2-1.el6.ius.noarch
Marking /var/tmp/yum-root-aiX6j7/ius-release-el6.rpm to be installed
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package ius-release.noarch 0:2-1.el6.ius will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: epel-release = 6 for package: ius-release-2-1.el6.ius.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package epel-release.noarch 0:6-8 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
ius-release noarch 2-1.el6.ius /ius-release-el6 4.5 k
Installing for dependencies:
epel-release noarch 6-8 extras 14 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Total size: 19 k
Total download size: 14 k
Installed size: 26 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm | 14 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : epel-release-6-8.noarch 1/2
Installing : ius-release-2-1.el6.ius.noarch 2/2
Verifying : ius-release-2-1.el6.ius.noarch 1/2
Verifying : epel-release-6-8.noarch 2/2
Installed:
ius-release.noarch 0:2-1.el6.ius
Dependency Installed:
epel-release.noarch 0:6-8
Complete!
インストールできました！
yum で python3 を検索してみる。
# yum search python34
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Error: Cannot retrieve metalink for repository: epel. Please verify its path and try again
エラーが出てる（泣）
SSL3.0を使っているのが原因みたいなので、下記記事を参考に http へ変更
# sudo sed -i "s/mirrorlist=https/mirrorlist=http/" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
そして、いよいよ Python3 をインストール
（インストールできるVersionは 3.4 だけみたい・・）
# yum install python34u python34u-libs python34u-devel python34u-pip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: d2lzkl7pfhq30w.cloudfront.net
No package python34u-pip available.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python34.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package python34-devel.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-rpm-macros for package: python34-devel-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: python3-rpm-macros for package: python34-devel-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64
---> Package python34-libs.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python-srpm-macros for package: python-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch
---> Package python3-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python-srpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
python34 x86_64 3.4.10-4.el6 epel 51 k
python34-devel x86_64 3.4.10-4.el6 epel 187 k
python34-libs x86_64 3.4.10-4.el6 epel 8.3 M
Installing for dependencies:
python-rpm-macros noarch 3-15.el6 epel 6.7 k
python-srpm-macros noarch 3-15.el6 epel 5.9 k
python3-rpm-macros noarch 3-15.el6 epel 5.6 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 6 Package(s)
Total download size: 8.6 M
Installed size: 30 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/6): python-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch.rpm | 6.7 kB 00:00
(2/6): python-srpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch.rpm | 5.9 kB 00:00
(3/6): python3-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch.rpm | 5.6 kB 00:00
(4/6): python34-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 51 kB 00:00
(5/6): python34-devel-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 187 kB 00:00
(6/6): python34-libs-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64.rpm | 8.3 MB 00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.4 MB/s | 8.6 MB 00:06
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
Importing GPG key 0x0608B895:
Userid : EPEL (6) <epel@fedoraproject.org>
Package: epel-release-6-8.noarch (@extras)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : python34-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 1/6
Installing : python34-libs-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 2/6
Installing : python3-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 3/6
Installing : python-srpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 4/6
Installing : python-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 5/6
Installing : python34-devel-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 6/6
Verifying : python-srpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 1/6
Verifying : python34-devel-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 2/6
Verifying : python34-libs-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 3/6
Verifying : python34-3.4.10-4.el6.x86_64 4/6
Verifying : python3-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 5/6
Verifying : python-rpm-macros-3-15.el6.noarch 6/6
Installed:
python34.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6 python34-devel.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6 python34-libs.x86_64 0:3.4.10-4.el6
Dependency Installed:
python-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6 python-srpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6 python3-rpm-macros.noarch 0:3-15.el6
Complete!
Version を確認してみると
# python -V
Python 2.6.6
# python3 -V
Python 3.4.10
現状はそのままに、Python3.4 がインストールできました
Python モジュール で requests を import していたので、pip でインストールしようとすると。
# python3 -m pip install requests
/usr/bin/python3: No module named pip
pip 入ってなかった・・？
pip インストール
# yum install --enablerepo=epel python34-pip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Setting up Install Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* epel: d2lzkl7pfhq30w.cloudfront.net
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python34-pip.noarch 0:7.1.0-2.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: python34-setuptools for package: python34-pip-7.1.0-2.el6.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package python34-setuptools.noarch 0:39.2.0-2.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
python34-pip noarch 7.1.0-2.el6 epel 1.6 M
Installing for dependencies:
python34-setuptools noarch 39.2.0-2.el6 epel 664 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 2 Package(s)
Total download size: 2.2 M
Installed size: 9.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/2): python34-pip-7.1.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:00
(2/2): python34-setuptools-39.2.0-2.el6.noarch.rpm | 664 kB 00:00
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 408 kB/s | 2.2 MB 00:05
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : python34-setuptools-39.2.0-2.el6.noarch 1/2
Installing : python34-pip-7.1.0-2.el6.noarch 2/2
Verifying : python34-pip-7.1.0-2.el6.noarch 1/2
Verifying : python34-setuptools-39.2.0-2.el6.noarch 2/2
Installed:
python34-pip.noarch 0:7.1.0-2.el6
Dependency Installed:
python34-setuptools.noarch 0:39.2.0-2.el6
Complete!
pip の version 確認
# pip3 --version
pip 7.1.0 from /usr/lib/python3.4/site-packages (python 3.4)
pip3 インストールできました。続いて pip3 でインストール。
# pip3 install requests
You are using pip version 7.1.0, however version 21.0.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.
Collecting requests
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/29/c1/24814557f1d22c56d50280771a17307e6bf87b70727d975fd6b2ce6b014a/requests-2.25.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting idna<3,>=2.5 (from requests)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a2/38/928ddce2273eaa564f6f50de919327bf3a00f091b5baba8dfa9460f3a8a8/idna-2.10-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/5e/a0/5f06e1e1d463903cf0c0eebeb751791119ed7a4b3737fdc9a77f1cdfb51f/certifi-2020.12.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting chardet<5,>=3.0.2 (from requests)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/19/c7/fa589626997dd07bd87d9269342ccb74b1720384a4d739a1872bd84fbe68/chardet-4.0.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting urllib3<1.27,>=1.21.1 (from requests)
Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/09/c6/d3e3abe5b4f4f16cf0dfc9240ab7ce10c2baa0e268989a4e3ec19e90c84e/urllib3-1.26.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: idna, certifi, chardet, urllib3, requests
Successfully installed certifi-2020.12.5 chardet-4.0.0 idna-2.10 requests-2.25.1 urllib3-1.26.4
pip3 で requests もインストールできました！
おわりに
思ったより長い道のりでした。。
一時的かつ限定的とはいえ、古いOSはあまり触りたくないですね。。