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JavaScript HTTPリクエスト GET/POST

Last updated at Posted at 2024-08-15

GETリクエストを使い、テキストデータを取得する

JavaScriptを使い、HTTP通信によって、テキストデータを通信先から取得する。

GETコード

function fetchUserInfo() {
    const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open("GET", "http://127.0.0.1:8080/page.html");
    xhr.send();
    xhr.responseType = "text";
    xhr.onload = () => {
        if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 200) {
            console.log(xhr);
            const data = xhr.response;
            console.log(data);
        } else {
            console.log(`Error: ${xhr.status}`);
        }
    };
}

実行結果

image.png

※responseTypeを対応した値に指定しないとエラーが発生する。
 GETではなく、POSTになると実装が変わる。

POSTコード

function HttpPostRequest() {
    let txt_name = document.getElementById('name');
    let txt_age = document.getElementById('age');
    let txt_email = document.getElementById('email');

    const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.open("POST", "http://127.0.0.1:8081/");
    xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
    const body = JSON.stringify({
        name: txt_name.value,
        age: txt_age.value,
        email: txt_email.value,
    });
    xhr.onload = () => {
    if (xhr.readyState == 4 && xhr.status == 201) {
        console.log(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText));
    } else {
        console.log(`Error: ${xhr.status}`);
    }
    };
    xhr.send(body);
}

実行結果

image.png

C:\work\開発\test_javascript>py tcp_server.py
host:127.0.0.1 port:8081
Waiting for connection
Established connection
b'POST / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: 127.0.0.1:8081\r\nConnection: keep-alive\r\nContent-Length: 40\r\nsec-ch-ua: "Not)A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="127", "Chromium";v="127"\r\nContent-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded\r\nsec-ch-ua-mobile: ?0\r\nUser-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/127.0.0.0 Safari/537.36\r\nsec-ch-ua-platform: "Windows"\r\nAccept: */*\r\nOrigin: http://127.0.0.1:8080\r\nSec-Fetch-Site: same-site\r\nSec-Fetch-Mode: cors\r\nSec-Fetch-Dest: empty\r\nReferer: http://127.0.0.1:8080/\r\nAccept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br, zstd\r\nAccept-Language: ja,en-US;q=0.9,en;q=0.8\r\n\r\n{"name":"aaa","age":"bbb","email":"ccc"}'

送信/受信もできているが、サーバからクライアントに返信できていないようみ見える。

参考

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