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urllib.parse.quote関数使用時の注意

Last updated at Posted at 2013-10-14

URLエンコードする際に使用するurllib.parse.quote関数(Python2ではurllib.quote関数)は、デフォルトではパス区切り文字(/)をエンコード対象にしない。

>>> help(urllib.parse.quote)

# 引数safeで指定された文字列はエンコード対象外となる。
quote(string, safe='/', encoding=None, errors=None)
    quote('abc def') -> 'abc%20def'
    
(…)

    By default, the quote function is intended for quoting the path
    section of a URL.  Thus, it will not encode '/'.  This character
    is reserved, but in typical usage the quote function is being
    called on a path where the existing slash characters are used as
    reserved characters.

そのため、TwitterAPIなどでURLを含む文字列をエンコードする場合、第二引数(あるいは名前付引数safe)を''(空文字)に設定する必要がある。

quote_safe
# パス区切り文字(/)がエンコードされない
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api')
'http%3A//hoge.com/api'

# パス区切り文字(/)がエンコードされる
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api', '')
'http%3A%2F%2Fhoge.com%2Fapi'
>>> urllib.parse.quote('http://hoge.com/api', safe='')
'http%3A%2F%2Fhoge.com%2Fapi'
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