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ズンドコキヨシ with VHDL on FPGA

Last updated at Posted at 2016-03-21

はじめに

なにやら、いまズンドコブームだそうです。

「ズンドコキヨシまとめ」

というわけで、私もFPGAとVHDLでやってみました。とは言っても、FPGAだからと言ってLEDをチカチカさせるのでは味気ないというもの。せっかくCPU付きのFPGAを使うのだから、MessagePack-RPC でサーバーを作ってみました。

MessagePack-RPCを使ってFPGAを制御する方法に関しては次の記事を参照してください。

「MessagePack-RPCを使ってFPGAを制御」

Architecture

Block Diagram

Fig.1 Block Diagram

Fig.1 Block Diagram


ZunDoko_Server

ZunDoko_Serverは 今回新たに作ったZunDoko_Mainモジュールと MsgPack-RPC-VHDLを使って構築したMsgPack_RPC_Serverの二つで構成しています。

MsgPack_RPC_Serverの詳細は「MessagePack-RPCを使ってFPGAを制御」や、「Synthesijerで作ったモジュールをMessagePack-RPCで制御する(アーキテクチャ編)」を参照してください。

PTTY_AXI

PTTY_AXI はAXI4-Streamの入出力インターフェースをホストからはシリアルインターフェースとして見せるためのIPです。

  • ホストとのインターフェースはAXI4です。

  • ZunDoko_ServerとのインターフェースはAXI4-Streamです。

  • 送信と受信に各々128バイトのバッファを持っています。

/dev/zptty

/dev/zpttyはPTTY_AXIを介してZunDoko_Serverの入出力をあたかもシリアルポートに見せるためのデバイスドライバです。このドライバを使うことにより、ZunDoko_ServerとのMessagePack-RPCのやりとりはシリアルポートを介して行うように見えます。

/dev/zpttyは、Linux標準のttyコア部と、PTTY_AXI固有のドライバ部zptty.koで構成されます。

zundoko.rb

Linuxのユーザー空間で動作するruby スクリプトです。このrubyスクリプトがMessagePack-RPCのリクエストメッセージを作成し/dev/zpttyを介してZunDoko_Serverに送信します。そしてZunDoko_ServerからのMessagePack-RPCのレスポンスメッセージを/dev/zpttyを介して受信します。

Source Code

zundoko_main.vhd

ZunDoko_Main モジュールのVHDLソースコードです。さすがに数行というわけにはいかず、かなり長いです。

基本的には、次の5つのブロックで構成されています。

  • ZUNとDOKOの2値をランダムに生成する乱数生成部

  • ZUN,ZUN,ZUN,ZUN,DOKOを検出するキヨシチェッカー

  • 生成したZUN と DOKO を順番に蓄えるズンドコバッファ

  • バッファの中身をMessagePackの配列にする配列生成部

  • メインシーケンサ

MessagePack-RPC を使わなければ、乱数生成部とキヨシチェッカーだけあれば出来ますが、ちょっと無用に凝ってしまったのでこんなに長くなってしまいました。

乱数生成には Tiny Mersenne Twisterを使っています。この乱数を採用したのは、単に手元に使えるVHDLライブラリを持っていたからです。乱数生成パッケージに関しては「Tiny Mersenne Twister法による擬似乱数生成パッケージ」に紹介しましたので参考にしてください。

MessagePack の配列は最初に大きさが判ってなければ生成出来ませんが、ズンドコキヨシの場合、配列の大きさがいくつになるか判らないので、一度バッファに蓄えています。バッファは64Kword(1word=1bit)ありますが、入りきらなかった場合は、、、勘弁してください。

入出力インターフェース

zundoko_main.vhd
library ieee;
use     ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
library MsgPack;
use     MsgPack.MsgPack_RPC;
entity  ZunDoko_Main is
    port (
        clk             : in  std_logic;
        reset           : in  std_logic;
        req             : in  std_logic;
        busy            : out std_logic;
        ret_valid       : out std_logic;
        ret_code        : out MsgPack_RPC.Code_Type;
        ret_last        : out std_logic;
        ret_ready       : in  std_logic
    );
end  ZunDoko_Main;

内部信号と各種定数

zundoko_main.vhd
library ieee;
use     ieee.std_logic_1164.all;
use     ieee.numeric_std.all;
library MsgPack;
use     MsgPack.MsgPack_Object;
use     MsgPack.MsgPack_RPC;
use     MsgPack.MsgPack_Object_Components.MsgPack_Object_Encode_Array;
use     MsgPack.MsgPack_Object_Components.MsgPack_Object_Encode_String_Constant;
use     Work.TINYMT32.all;
architecture RTL of ZunDoko_Main is
    constant BUF_DEPTH     :  integer := 16;
    subtype  WORD_TYPE     is std_logic_vector(1 downto 0);
    type     WORD_VECTOR   is array(integer range <>) of WORD_TYPE;
    constant NULL_WORD     :  WORD_TYPE := "00";
    constant ZUN_WORD      :  WORD_TYPE := "10";
    constant DOKO_WORD     :  WORD_TYPE := "11";
    signal   zundoko_word  :  WORD_TYPE;
    signal   zundoko_gen   :  boolean;
    signal   kiyoshi_shout :  boolean;
    signal   buf_count     :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH downto 0);
    signal   buf_read      :  std_logic;
    signal   buf_word      :  WORD_TYPE;
    signal   buf_full      :  boolean;
    signal   buf_empty     :  boolean;
    signal   return_kiyoshi:  boolean;
    signal   return_dummy  :  boolean;
    signal   return_done   :  boolean;
    signal   zundoko_run   :  boolean;
begin

乱数生成部

zundoko_main.vhd
    ZUN_DOKO_GENERATOR: block
        constant DEFAULT_PARAM :  PSEUDO_RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR_TYPE
                               := NEW_PSEUDO_RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR(
                                     X"8f7011ee",
                                     X"fc78ff1f",
                                     X"3793fdff",
                                     TO_SEED_TYPE(1)
                                  );
        signal   curr_status   :  PSEUDO_RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR_TYPE;
        signal   random_number :  RANDOM_NUMBER_TYPE;
        signal   random_valid  :  std_logic;
    begin
        process (clk, reset)
            variable next_status :  PSEUDO_RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR_TYPE;
        begin
            if (reset = '1') then
                curr_status   <= DEFAULT_PARAM;
                random_number <= (others => '0');
                random_valid  <= '0';
            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                if (zundoko_gen = TRUE) then
                    next_status := curr_status;
                    NEXT_PSEUDO_RANDOM_NUMBER_GENERATOR(next_status);
                    curr_status <= next_status;
                else
                    next_status := curr_status;
                end if;
                random_number <= GENERATE_TEMPER(next_status);
                random_valid  <= '1';
            end if;
        end process;
        zundoko_word <= NULL_WORD when (random_valid      = '0') else
                        ZUN_WORD  when (random_number(31) = '1') else
                        DOKO_WORD;
    end block;

キヨシチェッカー

zundoko_main.vhd
    KIYOSHI_CHECKER: block
        constant ALL_ZUN_WORD  :  WORD_VECTOR(3 downto 0) := (others => ZUN_WORD);
        signal   queue_words   :  WORD_VECTOR(3 downto 0);
    begin
        process (clk, reset) begin
            if (reset = '1') then
                    queue_words <= (others => NULL_WORD);
            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                if    (zundoko_gen  = FALSE) then
                    queue_words <= (others => NULL_WORD);
                elsif (zundoko_word = ZUN_WORD or zundoko_word = DOKO_WORD) then
                    for i in queue_words'range loop
                        if (i = 0) then
                            queue_words(i) <= zundoko_word;
                        else
                            queue_words(i) <= queue_words(i-1);
                        end if;
                    end loop;
                end if;
            end if;
        end process;
        kiyoshi_shout <= (queue_words = ALL_ZUN_WORD and zundoko_word = DOKO_WORD);
    end block;

ズンドコバッファ

zundoko_main.vhd
    ZUN_DOKO_BUF: block
        signal   w_en     :  std_logic;
        signal   w_addr   :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH-1 downto 0);
        signal   r_addr   :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH-1 downto 0);
    begin
        MEM: block
            type     RAM_TYPE is array(integer range <>) of std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
            signal   ram      :  RAM_TYPE(0 to 2**BUF_DEPTH-1);
            signal   w_data   :  std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
            signal   r_data   :  std_logic_vector(0 downto 0);
        begin
            w_data    <= "1" when (zundoko_word = DOKO_WORD) else "0";
            buf_word  <= DOKO_WORD when (r_data = "1") else
                         ZUN_WORD;
            process (clk) begin
                if (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                    if (w_en = '1') then
                        ram(to_integer(to_01(w_addr))) <= w_data;
                    end if;
                    r_data <= ram(to_integer(to_01(r_addr)));
                end if;
            end process;
        end block;
        W: block
            signal   req         :  boolean;
            signal   full        :  boolean;
            signal   last        :  boolean;
            signal   curr_count  :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH   downto 0);
        begin
            req      <= ((zundoko_gen  = TRUE) and
                         (zundoko_word = ZUN_WORD or zundoko_word = DOKO_WORD));
            last     <= (curr_count = 2**BUF_DEPTH-1);
            w_en     <= '1' when (req = TRUE and full = FALSE) else '0';
            w_addr   <= curr_count(w_addr'range);
            buf_full <= ((last = TRUE and req = TRUE) or (full = TRUE));
            process (clk) begin
                if (reset = '1') then
                        curr_count <= (others => '0');
                        full    <= FALSE;
                elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                    if (zundoko_run = FALSE) then
                        curr_count <= (others => '0');
                        full    <= FALSE;
                    elsif (w_en = '1') then
                        curr_count <= curr_count + 1;
                        full    <= last;
                    end if;
                end if;
            end process;
            buf_count <= curr_count;
        end block;
        R: block
            signal   curr_count  :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH downto 0);
            signal   next_count  :  unsigned(BUF_DEPTH downto 0);
        begin
            next_count <= curr_count + 1 when (buf_read = '1') else curr_count;
            r_addr     <= next_count(r_addr'range);
            process (clk) begin
                if (reset = '1') then
                        curr_count <= (others => '0');
                elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                    if (zundoko_run = FALSE) then
                        curr_count <= (others => '0');
                    else
                        curr_count <= next_count;
                    end if;
                end if;
            end process;
            buf_empty <= (curr_count = buf_count);
        end block;
    end block;

MessagePack 配列生成部

zundoko_main.vhd
    RET: block
        type     STATE_TYPE      is(IDLE_STATE, ARRAY_STATE, CHECK_STATE, DONE_STATE,
                                    ZUN_STATE , DOKO_STATE , KIYOSHI_STATE);
        signal   state           :  STATE_TYPE;
        signal   array_start     :  std_logic;
        signal   array_size      :  std_logic_vector(BUF_DEPTH downto 0);
        signal   entry_code      :  MsgPack_RPC.Code_Type;
        signal   entry_last      :  std_logic;
        signal   entry_valid     :  std_logic;
        signal   entry_ready     :  std_logic;
        signal   zun_code        :  MsgPack_RPC.Code_Type;
        signal   zun_last        :  std_logic;
        signal   zun_valid       :  std_logic;
        signal   zun_ready       :  std_logic;
        signal   doko_code       :  MsgPack_RPC.Code_Type;
        signal   doko_last       :  std_logic;
        signal   doko_valid      :  std_logic;
        signal   doko_ready      :  std_logic;
        signal   kiyoshi_code    :  MsgPack_RPC.Code_Type;
        signal   kiyoshi_last    :  std_logic;
        signal   kiyoshi_valid   :  std_logic;
        signal   kiyoshi_ready   :  std_logic;
    begin
        ENC_ARRAY: MsgPack_Object_Encode_Array
            generic map (
                CODE_WIDTH => MsgPack_RPC.Code_Length,
                SIZE_BITS  => array_size'length
            )
            port map (
                CLK        => clk           , 
                RST        => reset         ,
                CLR        => '0'           ,
                START      => array_start   , 
                SIZE       => array_size    ,
                I_CODE     => entry_code    ,
                I_LAST     => entry_last    ,
                I_ERROR    => '0'           ,
                I_VALID    => entry_valid   ,
                I_READY    => entry_ready   ,
                O_CODE     => ret_code      ,
                O_LAST     => ret_last      ,
                O_ERROR    => open          ,
                O_VALID    => ret_valid     ,
                O_READY    => ret_ready
            );
        ENC_ZUN: MsgPack_Object_Encode_String_Constant
            generic map (
                VALUE      => "ZUN",
                CODE_WIDTH => MsgPack_RPC.Code_Length
            )
            port map (
                CLK        => clk           , 
                RST        => reset         ,
                CLR        => '0'           ,
                START      => '1'           ,
                BUSY       => open          ,
                O_CODE     => zun_code      ,
                O_LAST     => zun_last      ,
                O_ERROR    => open          ,
                O_VALID    => zun_valid     ,
                O_READY    => zun_ready
            );
        ENC_DOKO: MsgPack_Object_Encode_String_Constant
            generic map (
                VALUE      => "DOKO",
                CODE_WIDTH => MsgPack_RPC.Code_Length
            )
            port map (
                CLK        => clk           , 
                RST        => reset         ,
                CLR        => '0'           ,
                START      => '1'           ,
                BUSY       => open          ,
                O_CODE     => doko_code     ,
                O_LAST     => doko_last     ,
                O_ERROR    => open          ,
                O_VALID    => doko_valid    ,
                O_READY    => doko_ready
            );
        ENC_KIYOSHI: MsgPack_Object_Encode_String_Constant
            generic map (
                VALUE      => "KI.YO.SHI!"  ,
                CODE_WIDTH => MsgPack_RPC.Code_Length
            )
            port map (
                CLK        => clk           , 
                RST        => reset         ,
                CLR        => '0'           ,
                START      => '1'           ,
                BUSY       => open          ,
                O_CODE     => kiyoshi_code  ,
                O_LAST     => kiyoshi_last  ,
                O_ERROR    => open          ,
                O_VALID    => kiyoshi_valid ,
                O_READY    => kiyoshi_ready
            );
        process(clk, reset) begin
            if (reset = '1') then
                state <= IDLE_STATE;
            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                case state is
                    when IDLE_STATE =>
                        if (return_kiyoshi = TRUE or return_dummy = TRUE) then
                            state <= ARRAY_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= IDLE_STATE;
                        end if;
                        if (return_kiyoshi = TRUE) then
                            array_size <= std_logic_vector(buf_count + 1);
                        else
                            array_size <= std_logic_vector(buf_count    );
                        end if;
                    when ARRAY_STATE =>
                        state <= CHECK_STATE;
                    when CHECK_STATE =>
                        if (buf_empty = TRUE) then
                            if (return_kiyoshi = TRUE) then
                                state <= KIYOSHI_STATE;
                            else
                                state <= DONE_STATE;
                            end if;
                        elsif (buf_word = DOKO_WORD) then
                            state <= DOKO_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= ZUN_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when ZUN_STATE =>
                        if (zun_valid = '1' and zun_ready = '1' and zun_last = '1') then
                            state <= CHECK_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= ZUN_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when DOKO_STATE =>
                        if (doko_valid = '1' and doko_ready = '1' and doko_last = '1') then
                            state <= CHECK_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= DOKO_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when KIYOSHI_STATE =>
                        if (kiyoshi_valid = '1' and kiyoshi_ready = '1' and kiyoshi_last = '1') then
                            state <= DONE_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= KIYOSHI_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when DONE_STATE =>
                        state <= IDLE_STATE;
                    when others =>
                        state <= IDLE_STATE;
                end case;
            end if;
        end process;
        array_start   <= '1' when (state = ARRAY_STATE  ) else '0';
        buf_read      <= '1' when (state = CHECK_STATE  ) else '0';
        zun_ready     <= '1' when (state = ZUN_STATE     and entry_ready   = '1') else '0';
        doko_ready    <= '1' when (state = DOKO_STATE    and entry_ready   = '1') else '0';
        kiyoshi_ready <= '1' when (state = KIYOSHI_STATE and entry_ready   = '1') else '0';
        entry_valid   <= '1' when (state = ZUN_STATE     and zun_valid     = '1') or
                                  (state = DOKO_STATE    and doko_valid    = '1') or
                                  (state = KIYOSHI_STATE and kiyoshi_valid = '1') else '0';
        entry_last    <= '1' when (state = ZUN_STATE     and zun_last      = '1') or
                                  (state = DOKO_STATE    and doko_last     = '1') or
                                  (state = KIYOSHI_STATE and kiyoshi_last  = '1') else '0';
        entry_code    <= zun_code  when (state = ZUN_STATE ) else
                         doko_code when (state = DOKO_STATE) else
                         kiyoshi_code;
        return_done   <= (state = DONE_STATE);
    end block;

メインシーケンサ

zundoko_main.vhd
    MAIN: block
        type     STATE_TYPE      is(IDLE_STATE, ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE, KIYOSHI_RET_STATE, DUMMY_RET_STATE);
        signal   state           :  STATE_TYPE;
    begin
        process(clk, reset) begin
            if (reset = '1') then
                state <= IDLE_STATE;
            elsif (clk'event and clk = '1') then
                case state is
                    when IDLE_STATE =>
                        if (req = '1') then
                            state <= ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= IDLE_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE =>
                        if (zundoko_word = ZUN_WORD or zundoko_word = DOKO_WORD) then
                            if    (kiyoshi_shout = TRUE) then
                                state <= KIYOSHI_RET_STATE;
                            elsif (buf_full      = TRUE) then
                                state <= DUMMY_RET_STATE;
                            else
                                state <= ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE;
                            end if;
                        else
                                state <= ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when KIYOSHI_RET_STATE =>
                        if (return_done = TRUE) then
                            state <= IDLE_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= KIYOSHI_RET_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when DUMMY_RET_STATE   =>
                        if (return_done = TRUE) then
                            state <= IDLE_STATE;
                        else
                            state <= DUMMY_RET_STATE;
                        end if;
                    when others =>
                            state <= IDLE_STATE;
                end case;
            end if;
        end process;
        zundoko_run    <= (state /= IDLE_STATE       );
        zundoko_gen    <= (state  = ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE);
        return_dummy   <= (state  = DUMMY_RET_STATE  );
        return_kiyoshi <= (state  = KIYOSHI_RET_STATE);
        busy           <= '1' when (state = ZUNDOKO_GEN_STATE) else '0';
    end block;
end RTL;

zundoko.rb

Linux上で動作するrubyで書かれたスクリプトです。

zundoko.rb
require 'msgpack'
require 'serialport'
class ZunDokoServer
  def initialize
    @port     = SerialPort.new("/dev/zptty0", 38400)
    @port.read_timeout = 1000
    @port.flow_control = SerialPort::HARD
    @unpacker = MessagePack::Unpacker.new(@port)
    @msgid    = 0
  end
  def call(method, args)
    @msgid = (@msgid+1) % 256
    req = [0, @msgid, method, args].to_msgpack
    @port.write(req)
    @unpacker.each do |obj|
      type, resid, error, result = obj
      if (error == nil) then
        return result
      else
        puts error
        return nil
      end
      break
    end 
  end
  def zundoko
    return call('zundoko', [])
  end
end
server = ZunDokoServer.new
result = server.zundoko
p result

Design Flow

Download

プロジェクト一式はこちら(https://github.com/ikwzm/msgpack-vhdl-examples)にあります。

次のようにダウンロードして zundoko ブランチをチェックアウトしてください。

shell% git clone git://github.com/ikwzm/msgpack-vhdl-examples.git
shell% cd msgpack-vhdl-examples
shell% git checkout zundoko
shell% git submodule init
shell% git submodule update
shell% cd examples/zundoko/fpga/xilinx/zybo

PL(Programmable Logic)側のDesign Flow

詳細はここでは省略します。次の記事を参照してください。

PS(Processing System)側のDesign Flow

詳細はここでは省略します。次の記事を参照してください。

実装事例

Xilinx 社のZynq と Altera 社の Altera CycloneV SoC に実装した事例を以下の記事で紹介しています。

実行結果

shell% ruby zundoko.rb
["ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "KI.YO.SHI!"]
shell% ruby zundoko.rb
["DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "KI.YO.SHI!"]
shell% ruby zundoko.rb
["ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "KI.YO.SHI!"]
shell% ruby zundoko.rb
["ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "KI.YO.SHI!"]
shell% ruby zundoko.rb
["ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "ZUN", "DOKO", "KI.YO.SHI!"]

参照

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