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ブルートフォース攻撃対策 Fail2ban

Last updated at Posted at 2016-11-27

Fail2ban

他に DenyHosts や Sshguard がある。詳しくは「DoS攻撃/ブルートフォース攻撃対策アプリの近況」を参照。

パッケージ群

EPEL リポジトリからインストールできるパッケージ群は以下の通り。

fail2ban-all.noarch : Install all Fail2Ban packages and dependencies
fail2ban-firewalld.noarch : Firewalld support for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-hostsdeny.noarch : Hostsdeny (tcp_wrappers) support for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-mail.noarch : Mail actions for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-sendmail.noarch : Sendmail actions for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-server.noarch : Core server component for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-shorewall.noarch : Shorewall support for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-systemd.noarch : Systemd journal configuration for Fail2Ban
fail2ban-tests.noarch : Fail2Ban testcases
fail2ban.noarch : Daemon to ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors

fail2ban-all パッケージを指定すると、fail2ban パッケージと比べて fail2ban-hostsdeny, fail2ban-mail, fail2ban-shorewall が余計にインストールされる模様。

インストール中:
 fail2ban
依存性関連でのインストールをします:
 fail2ban-firewalld
 fail2ban-sendmail
 fail2ban-server
インストール中:
 fail2ban-all
依存性関連でのインストールをします:
 fail2ban-firewalld
 fail2ban-hostsdeny
 fail2ban-mail
 fail2ban-sendmail
 fail2ban-server
 fail2ban-shorewall

インストール

yum install epel-release && yum update
yum install fail2ban fail2ban-systemd
systemctl start fail2ban && systemctl enable fail2ban

fail2ban-systemd パッケージは [DEFAULT]backend=systemd を明記するだけの jail.d/00-systemd.conf ファイルが追加される。

設定

設定ファイルの適用順序

  1. /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf
  2. /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/*.conf (アルファベット順)
  3. /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
  4. /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/*.local (アルファベット順)

ローカル設定ファイルの作成

cat << "_EOF_" > /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
[DEFAULT]
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 192.168.0.0/24
# 1時間
bantime  = 3600 
# 10分
findtime = 600
maxretry = 3

[sshd]
enabled  = true

[postfix-sasl]
enabled  = true
# 1週間
bantime  = 604800
# 1日
findtime = 86400
_EOF_

再起動

systemctl restart fail2ban

ステータスの確認

fail2ban-client status
出力例
Status
|- Number of jail:	2
`- Jail list:	postfix-sasl, sshd
fail2ban-client status sshd
出力例
Status for the jail: sshd
|- Filter
|  |- Currently failed:	0
|  |- Total failed:	0
|  `- Journal matches:	_SYSTEMD_UNIT=sshd.service + _COMM=sshd
`- Actions
   |- Currently banned:	0
   |- Total banned:	0
   `- Banned IP list:

禁止解除

fail2ban-client set sshd unbanip 192.0.2.1

ipset の確認

ipset --list
出力例
Name: fail2ban-sshd
Type: hash:ip
Revision: 1
Header: family inet hashsize 1024 maxelem 65536 timeout 3600
Size in memory: 16528
References: 1
Members:

Name: fail2ban-postfix-sasl
Type: hash:ip
Revision: 1
Header: family inet hashsize 1024 maxelem 65536 timeout 604800
Size in memory: 16528
References: 1
Members:
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