MySQLのrootユーザーにパスワードを設定する

現在のユーザー名でmysqlにログインしようとしてみる

<コンピューター名>-no-MBP:~ <ユーザー名>$ mysql
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user '<ユーザー名>'@'localhost' (using password: NO)

rootユーザーでログインする

<コンピューター名>-no-MBP:~ <ユーザー名>$ mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 8.0.17 Homebrew

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

データベースを表示させてみる

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysqlデータベースを選択する

mysql> use mysql
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed

usesrテーブルからuser, host, authentication_stringコラムの値を表示させてみる

mysql> SELECT user, host, authentication_string FROM user;
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| user             | host      | authentication_string                                                  |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.session    | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| root             | localhost |                                                                        |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

IDENTIFIED BY 句を用いてUSERテーブルのパスワードを変更する

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' identified BY 'pass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

再度、usesrテーブルからuser, host, authentication_stringコラムの値を表示させてみる

mysql> SELECT user, host, authentication_string FROM user;
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| user             | host      | authentication_string                                                  |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.session    | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | $A$005$THISISACOMBINATIONOFINVALIDSALTANDPASSWORDTHATMUSTNEVERBRBEUSED |
| root             | localhost | $A$005$Mf.JfWH_9??
D8Nl.lBye.dLmCbyn.ga.Uf8c6FSSzEGVmN8Mjft.maCA |
+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

暗号化された（？）パスワードが入力されている

MySQLを終了する

mysql> exit;
Bye

rootユーザーでログインしてみる

<コンピューター名>-no-MBP:~ <ユーザー名>$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 30
Server version: 8.0.17 Homebrew

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

おまけ

テーブルを表示させてみる

mysql> show tables;
+---------------------------+
| Tables_in_mysql           |
+---------------------------+
| columns_priv              |
| component                 |
| db                        |
| default_roles             |
| engine_cost               |
| func                      |
| general_log               |
| global_grants             |
| gtid_executed             |
| help_category             |
| help_keyword              |
| help_relation             |
| help_topic                |
| innodb_index_stats        |
| innodb_table_stats        |
| password_history          |
| plugin                    |
| procs_priv                |
| proxies_priv              |
| role_edges                |
| server_cost               |
| servers                   |
| slave_master_info         |
| slave_relay_log_info      |
| slave_worker_info         |
| slow_log                  |
| tables_priv               |
| time_zone                 |
| time_zone_leap_second     |
| time_zone_name            |
| time_zone_transition      |
| time_zone_transition_type |
| user                      |
+---------------------------+
33 rows in set (0.00 sec)