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MongoDBのデータ構造な簡単な操作など

Posted at

MongoDBの勉強を始めたのでメモしておきます。

MongoDBのデータ構造

--MongoDB
  +--データベース
  |  +--コレクション
  |  |  +--ドキュメント
  |  |  +--ドキュメント
  |  |
  |  +--コレクション
  |  |  +--ドキュメント
  | 
  +--データベース
  |  +--コレクション

RDBとMongoDBのデータ構造の比較

  • 以下表を参照。
RDBでの呼称 MongoDBでの呼称
database database
table collection
row document
column field
index index
primary key _id field
  • _idの値について、自動的に一意な文字列が採番されます。

MySQLと比較したクエリ

データベース操作

MySQL MongoDB
SHOW DATABASES; show dbs
USE testdb; use testdb
CREATE DATABASE testdb; useコマンドで自動生成
DROP DATABASE testdb; use testdb
db.dropDatabase()
index index
DESC testdb; なし

コレクション操作

MySQL MongoDB
CREATE TABLE products (...); 自動生成 または
db.createCollection("products")
ALTER TABLE products ADD ...; 自動生成
SHOW TABLES; show collections
DROP TABLE products; db.products.drop()
TRUNCATE TABLE products; db.products.remove()

ドキュメント操作

選択

MySQL MongoDB
SELECT * FROM products; db.products.find()
SELECT name FROM products
WHERE category='A'
AND stock<=10
ORDER BY name;
db.products.find(
{
category : 'A' ,
stock : { $lte : 10 }
},
{ name : 1 }
).sort({ name : 1})
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM products; db.products.count()
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM products
WHERE name LIKE "%camera%"
OR category='C';
db.products.find(
{
$or : [
{ name : /camera/ },
{ category : 'C' }
]
}
).count()
SELECT COUNT(stock) FROM products; db.products.find({
stock : { $exists : true }
}).count()
SELECT * FROM products LIMIT 1; db.products.findOne()
SELECT * FROM products LIMIT 5; db.products.limit(5)

挿入

MySQL MongoDB
INSERT INTO products
VALUES('A',"camera case",5);
db.products.insert(
{
category : 'A' ,
name : "camera case" ,
stock : 5
}
)

更新

MySQL MongoDB
UPDATE products SET
stock=10
WHERE category='A';
db.products.update(
{ category : 'A' },
{ $set : { stock : 10 } },
false,
true
)
UPDATE products SET
stock=stock+10
WHERE category='A';
db.products.update(
{ category : 'A' },
{ $inc : { stock : 10 } },
false,
true
)

削除

MySQL MongoDB
DELETE FROM products
WHERE name="camera case";
db.products.remove(
{name : "camera case"}
)

参考にしたサイト

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