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@vmmhypervisor

Qiitaのシンタックスハイライト覚書

Last updated at Posted at 2016-01-01

Qiitaでシンタックスハイライト可能な言語一覧 | Syntax Highlighting: List of Supported Language at Qiita - Qiita より、自分でよく使いそうなシンタックスハイライトの覚書。

おそらくQiitaのシンタックスハイライトエンジンはPygments。

各項目の使い所と例を示す。

shell関連

console

ターミナルの出力用。

console
$ apt-cache depends auditd
auditd
  依存: lsb-base
 |依存: mawk
  依存: gawk
  依存: init-system-helpers
  依存: libaudit1
  依存: libauparse0
  依存: libc6
  依存: libgssapi-krb5-2
  依存: libkrb5-3
  依存: libwrap0
  提案: audispd-plugins
$

bash

cowgill/spamhausよりspamhaus.shを例示。

spamhaus.sh
#!/bin/bash

# based off the following two scripts
# http://www.theunsupported.com/2012/07/block-malicious-ip-addresses/
# http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/block-spamming-scanning-with-iptables.html

# path to iptables
IPTABLES="/sbin/iptables";

# list of known spammers
URL="www.spamhaus.org/drop/drop.lasso";

# save local copy here
FILE="/tmp/drop.lasso";

# iptables custom chain
CHAIN="Spamhaus";

# check to see if the chain already exists
$IPTABLES -L $CHAIN -n

# check to see if the chain already exists
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then

    # flush the old rules
    $IPTABLES -F $CHAIN

    echo "Flushed old rules. Applying updated Spamhaus list...."    

else

    # create a new chain set
    $IPTABLES -N $CHAIN

    # tie chain to input rules so it runs
    $IPTABLES -A INPUT -j $CHAIN

    # don't allow this traffic through
    $IPTABLES -A FORWARD -j $CHAIN

    echo "Chain not detected. Creating new chain and adding Spamhaus list...."

fi;

# get a copy of the spam list
wget -qc $URL -O $FILE

# iterate through all known spamming hosts
for IP in $( cat $FILE | egrep -v '^;' | awk '{ print $1}' ); do

    # add the ip address log rule to the chain
    $IPTABLES -A $CHAIN -p 0 -s $IP -j LOG --log-prefix "[SPAMHAUS BLOCK]" -m limit --limit 3/min --limit-burst 10

    # add the ip address to the chain
    $IPTABLES -A $CHAIN -p 0 -s $IP -j DROP

    echo $IP

done

echo "Done!"

# remove the spam list
unlink $FILE

Python関連

python, py, python3, py3

  • python, py
    • Python (filenames *.py, *.pyw, *.sc, SConstruct, SConscript, *.tac)
  • python3, py3
    • Python 3

これはそのまま、pythonソース。pythonとpython3で微妙に表示が異なる。

python/python3例

python
import re
import sys
import json
import six
from voluptuous import Schema, Required, Any, Range, Invalid, ALLOW_EXTRA


def validate_io_size(v):
    if re.search("^[0-9]+[bkm]", v) is None:
        raise Invalid("not a valid value (%s)" % str(v))


def get_schema():
    schema = Schema({
        "comment"                   : six.text_type,
        Required("operation")       : Any("read", "write"),
        "thread"                    : Range(min=1),
        Required("io_size")         : validate_io_size,
        Required("access_percentage")   : Range(min=1, max=100),
    }, extra=ALLOW_EXTRA)

    return schema


def main():
    schema  = get_schema()

    with open(sys.argv[1], "r") as fp:
        dict_sample = json.load(fp)

    schema(dict_sample)
    six.print_(dict_sample)

    return 0


if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(main())
python3
import re
import sys
import json
import six
from voluptuous import Schema, Required, Any, Range, Invalid, ALLOW_EXTRA


def validate_io_size(v):
    if re.search("^[0-9]+[bkm]", v) is None:
        raise Invalid("not a valid value (%s)" % str(v))


def get_schema():
    schema = Schema({
        "comment"                   : six.text_type,
        Required("operation")       : Any("read", "write"),
        "thread"                    : Range(min=1),
        Required("io_size")         : validate_io_size,
        Required("access_percentage")   : Range(min=1, max=100),
    }, extra=ALLOW_EXTRA)

    return schema


def main():
    schema  = get_schema()

    with open(sys.argv[1], "r") as fp:
        dict_sample = json.load(fp)

    schema(dict_sample)
    six.print_(dict_sample)

    return 0


if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.exit(main())

pycon

  • Python console session

多分↓のようにコンソールでpython起動したときのコンソール出力用。

# python
Python 2.5.2 (r252:60911, Jan 24 2010, 14:53:14)
[GCC 4.3.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

pycon例

http://docs.python.jp/2/library/random.html　より
pythonコンソール出力例をpyconで修飾した例。

pycon
>>> random.random()        # Random float x, 0.0 <= x < 1.0
0.37444887175646646
>>> random.uniform(1, 10)  # Random float x, 1.0 <= x < 10.0
1.1800146073117523
>>> random.randint(1, 10)  # Integer from 1 to 10, endpoints included
7
>>> random.randrange(0, 101, 2)  # Even integer from 0 to 100
26
>>> random.choice('abcdefghij')  # Choose a random element
'c'

>>> items = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
>>> random.shuffle(items)
>>> items
[7, 3, 2, 5, 6, 4, 1]

>>> random.sample([1, 2, 3, 4, 5],  3)  # Choose 3 elements
[4, 1, 5]

pytb/py3tb

  • pytb
    • Python Traceback (filenames *.pytb)
  • py3tb:
    • Python 3.0 Traceback (filenames *.py3tb)

pythonが出力するスタックトレース用。

pytb/py3tb例

以下の例ではpytbとpy3tbの違いは見えなかった。

pytb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<doctest...>", line 10, in <module>
    lumberjack()
  File "<doctest...>", line 4, in lumberjack
    bright_side_of_death()
IndexError: tuple index out of range
py3tb
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<doctest...>", line 10, in <module>
    lumberjack()
  File "<doctest...>", line 4, in lumberjack
    bright_side_of_death()
IndexError: tuple index out of range

SQL関連

sql

SQLクエリ用。

sql
SELECT hoge FROM table_namme WHERE value > 0

sqlite3

sqlite3
$ sqlite3
SQLite version 3.8.7.1 2014-10-29 13:59:56
Enter ".help" for usage hints.
Connected to a transient in-memory database.
Use ".open FILENAME" to reopen on a persistent database.
sqlite> create table hoge(key text, value integer);
sqlite> insert into hoge values("a", 1);
sqlite> insert into hoge values("b", 2);
sqlite> insert into hoge values("c", 3);
sqlite>
sqlite> select key, value from hoge;
a|1
b|2
c|3
sqlite>

HTML関連

HTML

html
<html>
    <head>
        <title>Hello world</title>
    </head>
    <body>
        Hello world
    </body>
</html>

CSS

カスケーディング・スタイル・シート用。

css
h1, h2, h3, h4 { margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.1em; }

h3 { margin-left: 0.5em; }
h4 { margin-left: 1.5em; }

body { counter-reset: part; }
h2 { counter-reset: chapter; }
h2:before {
    content: counter(part) ". ";
    counter-increment: part;
}

h3 { counter-reset: section; }
h3:before {
    content: counter(part) "." counter(chapter) ". ";
    counter-increment: chapter;
}

h4 { counter-reset: subsection; }
h4:before {
    content: counter(part) "." counter(chapter) "." counter(section) ". ";
    counter-increment: section;
}

Linuxコマンド出力

diff

--- lhs 2016-01-05 08:13:48.341912876 +0900
+++ rhs 2016-01-05 08:14:19.913913237 +0900
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 hoge
-foo
+aaaaaaaaaaaaa
 bar
-
+bbbbbbbbbbbbbbb

その他

JSON

一覧にはなかったが、JSONもシンタックスハイライトが有効。

JSON
{
    "text"      : "value",
    "value"     : 100,
    "list"      : ["a", "b", "c"],
    "nest_dict" : {
        "child" : 1
    }
}

YAML

pygmentsのデモより

yaml
time: 120
title: '테스트 컨테스트'
contestpw: '0000'

languages:
  -
    display: 'GNU C 4.6.2'
    compile: 'gcc -lm -O2 -o {:basename}.exe {:mainfile}'
    execute: '{:basename}.exe'
    binary: '{:basename}.exe'
  -
    display: 'GNU C++ 4.6.2'
    compile: 'g++ -O2 -o {:basename}.exe {:mainfile}'
    execute: '{:basename}.exe'
    binary: '{:basename}.exe'
  -
    display: 'Microsoft Visual C++ 2010'
    compile: 'cl /Ox {:mainfile}'
    execute: '{:mainfile}.exe'
    binary: '{:mainfile}.exe'
  -
    display: 'Oracle Java SE 7'
    compile: 'javac {:mainfile}'
    execute: 'java {:basename}'
    binary: '{:basename}.class'

problems:
  -
    title: 'HELLOWORLD'
    input: './problems/HELLOWORLD/helloworld.in'
    output: './problems/HELLOWORLD/helloworld.out'
    timelimit: 10
    external_validation: yes
    validator: './validators/Validator.jar'
    validationcmd: 'java -jar {:validator} {:infile} {:outfile} {:ansfile} {:resfile} rz'
    color: 'color0'
  -
    title: 'HELLOWORLD2'
    input: './problems/HELLOWORLD/helloworld.in'
    output: './problems/HELLOWORLD/helloworld.out'
    timelimit: 1
    external_validation: no
    validator: 1
    validator_ignorecase: yes
    color: 'color1'

judgements:
  - 'Yes'
  - 'No - Compilation Error'
  - 'No - Run-time Error'
  - 'No - Time-limit Exceeded'
  - 'No - Wrong Answer'
  - 'No - Excessive Output'
  - 'No - Output Format Error'
  - 'No - Other - Contact Staff'

groups:
  - { name: 'KAIST', scoreboard: yes }
  - { name: 'Test accounts', scoreboard: no }

accounts:
  admins: # default scoreboard: no
    # default administrator -> 1
    - { name: 'Administrator 2', password: '0000' }

  judges: # default scoreboard: no
    - { name: 'Judge 1', password: 'judge1' }
    - { name: 'Judge 2', password: 'judge2' }

  scoreboards: # default scoreboard: no
    - { name: 'Scoreboard 1', password: 'scoreboard1' }
    - { name: 'Scoreboard 2', password: 'scoreboard2' }

  teams: # default scoreboard: yes
    - { name: 'Team 1', group: 1, password: 'team1' }
    - { name: 'Team 2', group: 2, password: 'team2' }
    - { name: 'Team 3', password: 'team3' }
    - { name: 'Team 4', scoreboard: no, password: 'team4' }

ansible playbook形式だとあまり恩恵が見えない。

yaml
---
- name: reboot OS
  hosts: server-under-test
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - name: reboot
      shell: reboot
      async: 0
      poll: 0 

    - name: wait for SSH port down
      local_action: wait_for host={{ inventory_hostname }} port=22 state=stopped

    - name: wait for SSH port up
      local_action: wait_for host={{ inventory_hostname }} port=22 state=started delay=10

    - pause: seconds=5
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