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lxml使って、htmlファイルを書き換える

Posted at

やりたかったこと

base.html内のタグの中に、insert.htmlの内容を挿入した結果を、output.htmlとして書き出したかった。

今回は、pythonのlxmlモジュール使ってみた。

ベースファイル(base.html)

base.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>テスト</title>
  <xml id="toolbox"></xml>
</head>
<body>
  
</body>
</html>

挿入内容(insert.html)

insert.html

<category id="hoge">
	<block></block>
</category>

出力結果(output.html)

output.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>テスト</title>
  <xml id="toolbox">
	<category id="hoge">
		<block></block>
	</category>
  </xml>
</head>
<body>
  
</body>
</html>

スクリプト(joint.py)

下記のスクリプトで、イメージどおりのoutput.htmlが生成される。

joint.py
import lxml.html

def unescape(s):
  s = s.replace("&lt;", "<")
  s = s.replace("&gt;", ">")
  # this has to be last:
  s = s.replace("&amp;", "&")
  return s

def readContent(path):
  f = open(path)
  content = f.read()
  f.close()
  return content

base_path = "./"

insert = base_path + "insert.html"
base = base_path + "base.html"
output = base_path + "index.html"
id = 'toolbox'

html = readContent(base)
html = html.decode('utf-8')
root = lxml.html.fromstring(html)

element = root.get_element_by_id(id)
html = readContent(insert)

element.text = html
content = lxml.html.tostring(root,encoding="utf-8")
text =  unescape(content)

f = open(output,"w")
f.write(text)
f.close()

備考

lxmlのインストール

lxmlモジュールは、pipで一発。

pip install lxml

htmlタグの置換

タグのテキストは、そのままでは<> が、 &lt;&gt; になってるので、下記関数で置換した。

def unescape(s):
  s = s.replace("&lt;", "<")
  s = s.replace("&gt;", ">")
  # this has to be last:
  s = s.replace("&amp;", "&")
  return s

文字化け対策

ファイル内の日本語が文字化けしていたので、下記コードでデコードとエンコードした。

#読み込み
html = html.decode('utf-8')

#書き込み
content = lxml.html.tostring(root,encoding="utf-8")
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