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golangでテキストファイルを1行ずつ読んで配列(スライス)に詰め込む

Last updated at Posted at 2014-06-05
package main

import (
  "bufio"
  "fmt"
  "os"
)

func main() {
  lines := fromFile("hoge.txt")
  fmt.Printf("lines: %v\n", lines)
}

func fromFile(filePath string) []string {
  // ファイルを開く
  f, err := os.Open(filePath)
  if err != nil {
    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "File %s could not read: %v\n", filePath, err)
    os.Exit(1)
  }

  // 関数return時に閉じる
  defer f.Close()

  // Scannerで読み込む
  // lines := []string{}
  lines := make([]string, 0, 100)  // ある程度行数が事前に見積もれるようであれば、makeで初期capacityを指定して予めメモリを確保しておくことが望ましい
  scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
  for scanner.Scan() {
    // appendで追加
    lines = append(lines, scanner.Text())
  }
  if serr := scanner.Err(); serr != nil {
    fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "File %s scan error: %v\n", filePath, err)
  }

  return lines
}

Memo

  • 改行区切りのテキストデータの読み込みはbufio.Scannerが便利なので使うべし
    • "Scanner provides a convenient interface for reading data such as a file of newline-delimited lines of text."
  • 空要素のスライスを用意し、appendで読み込んだ行内容を順次追加する
  • ファイルのクローズは関数return時に(確実に)行いたいのでdeferで呼ぶ。関数が長くなってreturnが複数箇所に存在するような場合に有用
    • defer指定処理が実行されるのはreturn時のみで、os.Exit(1)した場合は実行 されない ので注意
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